150 cau hoi anhvan.doc

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Examination Questions for Operation Engine Officers

Q001. Draw a schematic diagram of an injection pump with variablebeginning, variable ending, and combination control? Explainprinciple of operation? Describe typical technical requirements for

injection pumps?Q002. Draw a schematic diagram of an injection valve, explain principle of

operation? Show parts which affect atomizing quality and why?

Q003. Draw a typical diagram of an air-starting system for diesel engines,explain principle of operation?

Q004. If a diesel engine started by compressed air encounters followingmalfunctions:

- Its revolution is too low (lower than starting rpm.),

- The engine refuses to turn,

- The engine cannot be started at specific crankshaft angle,

what are the causes of the above troubleshootings, and how torepair the causes?

Q005. From what parameters and symptoms operators can conclude thata lub. oil system for diesel engine is in normal operation?

Q006. From what parameters and symptoms operators can conclude thata water cooling system for diesel engine is in normal operation?

Q007. What are the symptoms if water exists in lub. oil or exhaust gasleaks to engine crankcase? Suggest methods to repair these

troubles?

Q008. How to prepare bunkering plan to ensure safety and sufficientquantity?

Q009. Describe in details works should be done to prepare a running mainengine for maneuvering (anchoring or berthing)?

Q010. Describe in details works should be done to prepare a stoppingmain engine for maneuvering (leaving port)?

Q011. Explain why in maneuvering or after starting, main engineparameters such as exhaust gas temperature, F.W cooling

temperature, lub. oil temperature, scavenging air pressure, ... areunstable? In these cases, is it necessary to adjust theseparameters?

Q012. What symptoms shows that output is unbalanced betweencylinders? How does big variance of exhaust gas temperature,maximum combustion pressure (pz), compression pressure (pc)between cylinders affect operation of diesel engines?

Q013. What is mechanical stress in diesel engines? How to know that adiesel engine is working at mechanical stress over max. limit, andhow to solve the problem?



Q014. How to balance output between cylinders? Explain why this workshould not be done at low load?

Q015. Draw some typical diagrams of turbocharging for 2-stroke diesels,explain principle of operation? Distinguish between pulseturbocharging and constant-pressure turbocharging for multi-cylinder diesels?

Q016. How to prepare maintenance plan for a diesel engine in operation?

Q017. Draw some typical diagrams of turbocharging for 4-stroke diesels,explain principle of operation? Distinguish between pulseturbocharging and constant-pressure turbocharging for multi-cylinder diesels?

Q018. What properties can be relied on to evaluate operation of aturbocharging system? Briefly describe maintenance procedure fora turbocharging system (including turbine blade wash, blower

wash, air cooler wash)?Q019. What are engine characteristics? How operation match between

diesel and propeller is shown on propeller characteristic graph?

Q020. How operating margin of a main diesel engine is decided onpropeller characteristic graph? On what areas an old diesel shouldbe suggested to operate? Explain why?

Q021. If during operation, engine output; engine rpm; ship speed can bemeasured, can an engine output characteristic be established?

Q022. Show methods to determine fuel oil consumption for marine diesel

engines?

Q023. What are advantages and disadvantages of propulsion plants withdirect power transmission and with indirect power transmission?Describe attentions paid when operating power transmissionsystems that you have served?

Q024. Is it necessary to change control setting for main engine when shipreaches to shallow water area? Explain why?

Q025. Should control setting of main engine be increased or decreased incase of operating in heavy weather? Explain why?

Q026. How should control setting of main engine be changed if a shipreaches to different area with different weather conditions? Explainwhy?

Q027. What attentions should be paid when operating propulsion plantwith a generator driven by main engine?

Q028. In case of a main engine operated with fuel cut-off of 1 or 2cylinders, how to determine operation of the engine to ensuresafety? Explain why?

Q029. In case of a main engine operated with turbocharger failure, how to

determine operation of the engine to ensure safety? Explain why?



Q030. Why should main engines be subjected to mooring trial and seatrial, briefly describe procedures of mooring trial and sea trial?What are the maximum power loads that can be applied in thesecases and why?

Q031. During maneuvering, ship speed is frequently changed, is engineload changed or unchanged? Explain why?

Q032. Explain in details measures should be applied to reduce pressureresistance along intake passage and back pressure along exhaustpassage of a diesel?

Q033. What is ISM Code (International Safety Management)? What arepurposes of ISM Code?

Q034. From what time and for what kinds of ships has ISM Code beenapplied? Describe main points of ISM Code?

Q035. Show maintenance requirements for machineries according to ISMCode?

Q036. Describe content, requirements, and evaluation of register office onapplication of ISM Code for ships?

Q037. Indicate duties and responsibilities of 2nd engineer duringbunkering? Take example of forms, reports prepared for bunkeringaccording to ISM Code (tank condition report, bunkering plan, ...?

Q038. Describe requirements on document management on boardaccording to ISM Code? Show example of preparing a Noon report?

Q039. Point out requirements when taking measurements of machineriesin charge (2nd or 3rd engineer)? Show form of reports specified byISM Code?

Q040. Describe content of periodical survey specified by Register? Showregulations on continuous survey for ships?

Q041. What instruments and devices are installed on main switchboardand their functions?

Q042. What are content and requirements of annual survey for shipmachineries?

Q043. Briefly describe content of regulations for prevention of pollution byoil form ships (Appendix I of MARPOL73/78)?

Q044. What are requirements and maintenance of propulsion for lifeboat?

Q045. Describe procedure of main engine trials after overhauling?

Q046. Describe content and requirements of periodical survey forelectrical equipment for ships (electrical motors, generators,transformers, batteries)?

Q047. Draw a typical refrigeration system, explain principle of operation?Describe procedure to start and stop the system?



Q048. Explain properties of refrigerants R12, R22? Show methods to findout Freon leakage?

Q049. What are the causes of low or too low lub. oil pressure in arefrigeration compressor? Describe methods of lub. oil charging forcompressors?

Q050. Explain symptoms of refrigerant shortage in a refrigeration system?Describe methods of refrigerant charging?

Q051. Explain why evaporators must be defrosted? Describe methods of ice defrosting for evaporators?

Q052. Explain symptoms, causes, and countermeasures if air appears in arefrigeration system?

Q053. Explain symptoms, causes, and countermeasures if water appearsin a refrigeration system?

Q054. Draw a typical central air-conditioning system? What are the worksof weekly, monthly maintenance for the system?

Q055. What are protection devices equipped in a refrigeration system andtheir functions, installed positions, method to regulate?

Q056. What are devices used to automatically control room-temperaturein a refrigeration system and their functions, installed positions,method to regulate?

Q057. On what should you rely to select capacity, discharge period, andgravity disc for a purifier?

Q058. Describe a typical lubricating-oil circulating system for main engineequipped with a purifier. Notices on exploitation of the system?

Q059. Describe main troubles when operating a purifier, causes andremedies for these troubles?

Q060. In a fuel oil treatment system equipped with DO, FO centrifuges, if one of them is out of order, what actions should be done tomaintain normal operation of the system?

Q061. Explain why treated oil flows to the discharge port of a centrifugeof continuous-discharge type. What action should be done toremedy?

Q062. What are causes if a reciprocating pump cannot discharge or badlydischarges liquid. How to find out the causes and remedy?

Q063. When do two or more pumps need to be put in series or paralleloperation? What attentions should be paid to operate thesepumps?

Q064. What are causes of bad liquid suction or low discharge pressurewhile a gear pump is working? Methods to find out the causes andremedy?



Q065. With what conditions an air compressor (two-stage intercooled) canbe considered as in normal operation? What attentions should bepaid while operating this compressor and why?

Q066. Show main elements used in electro-pneumatic remote controlsystems for diesel engine (their symbol, functions, andapplication)?

Q067. Show main elements used in hydraulic transmission systems (theirsymbols, functions and application)?

Q068. Draw a schematic hydraulic diagram for mooring, anchor or cargowinch. Function of components on this hydraulic system?

Q069. What should you do to ensure long lifespan and reliability of ahydraulic system? Explain in details?

Q070. Present an electro-hydraulic steering gear system. What do you doto ensure safety sailing of ship if the system encounters trouble?

Q071. Draw schematic diagram of a vacuum fresh-water generator usingheat from fresh-water cooling system of main engine. Describeprocedure to operate the generator?

Q072. Draw schematic diagram of an oily-water separator of UST type?Describe procedure of operation?

Q073. Show a typical waste-oil incinerator and procedure of operation?

Q074. Draw a typical ballast system, requirements of the system and itsprinciple of operation?

Q075. Draw a central fire-fighting system by foam? Describe procedure of using the system?

Q076. Draw a central co2 fire-fighting system on ship. Show procedure of using this system?

Q077. Present a domestic fresh-water system on ship. Describe procedureof operation of this system?

Q078. What are causes if a centrifugal pump cannot suck or badly sucksliquid? Method to find out the causes and remedy?

Q079. Present a hydraulic system for propeller-pitch control. Explain

procedure of operation of this system?Q080. Point out main failures of a hydraulic system for cargo winch?

Explain countermeasures for these failures?

Q081. Present methods to select gravity disc, heating temperature andcapacity for a purifier?

Q082. Draw a bilge system, requirements for the system, and its principleof operation?



Q083. Draw an open water-cooling system an a closed water-coolingsystem for diesels? Describe requirements for these system andprinciple of operation?

Q084. Show schematic structure, principle of operation, and application of a typical smoke-tube boiler?

Q085. Show schematic structure, principle of operation, and application of a typical water-tube boiler?

Q086. Show schematic structure, principle of operation, and application of a composite boiler that you know?

Q087. Draw a typical fuel oil system for boiler? Describe principle of operation?

Q088. Draw a typical feed-water system for boiler? Describe principle of operation?

Q089. Show structure, indicating principle of water-level gauges appliedfor boiler (local and remote water-level gauges)? Explain procedureof operation for these gauges?

Q090. Explain why boiler water must be treated? Briefly describe methodsof water test and water treatment onboard ships?

Q091. Explain why boiler scale must be periodically removed? Describe atypical method to remove boiler scale?

Q092. Explain why blow-offs of boiler water must be carried out? Describeprocedure of surface and bottom blow-offs?

Q093. Present a typical procedure to start a boiler? What attentionsshould be made during boiler running?

Q094. What are causes if a boiler refuses to start and how to correct thecauses?

Q095. What are symptoms and causes if a boiler encounters tube damageand how to repair the causes?

Q096. Explain why boilers must be hydraulically tested? Show procedureto carry out hydraulic test?

Q097. Explain why diesels must be run in after overhauling? Describe

procedure to run in for a marine diesel?Q098. Explain why engine parts must be detected for defects? Describe

methods to detect part defects?

Q099. Describe common breakdowns of boilers and methods to remedy?

Q100. Describe methods to clean boilers? Show comparison betweenthese methods?

Q101. When should engine deflection be measured? Show steps tomeasure and what should you do if measuring result is overmaximum permissible limit?



Q102. Show major breakdowns occurred to centrifugal pumps andmethods to repair?

Q103. Show major breakdowns occurred to gear pumps and methods torepair?

Q104. Show major breakdowns occurred to piston pumps and methods torepair?

Q105. Describe methods to check and adjust injection timing for injectionpumps?

Q106. Describe method to adjust shaft alignment of two shafts (anelectric motor and a pump, for example? What are advantages anddisadvantages?

Q107. Classify governors and their application? Show basic properties of governors and what properties can you adjust while in operation?

Q108. Draw a schematic diagram of a multi-speed governor? Explainrelation between control handle-governor-fuel rack? Whatattentions should be paid when operating this kind of governors?

Q109. Present a governor with combination feedback (structure; principleof operation; properties; application; and adjustment)?

Q110. Present structure, principle of operation, properties, application,and adjustment of a WOODWARD governor of UG type?

Q111. Present structure, principle of operation, properties, application,and adjustment of a WOODWARD governor of PGA type?

Q112. Describe common failures of a governor and countermeasures forthis failures?

Q113. What auxiliary devices are normally combined in marine governorsand for what purposes? Describe principle of operation of load limitdevice by scavenging-air pressure?

Q114. Present basic structure, principle of operation, properties,application of an electronic governor?

Q115. What properties of governors must be met in case of dieselsworking in parallel? Explain why governors with no speed droop fordiesels in parallel operation?

Q116. Describe some technical properties of parallel operation of diesels?What factors affect the operation of diesels?

Q117. Draw a schematic diagram of a single-speed governor? Explainrelation between control handle-governor-fuel rack? Whatattentions should be paid when operating this kind of governors?

Q118. What are common failures of automatic combustion system formarine boilers? Describe countermeasures for these failures?

Q119. Present sub remote control systems for engine starting; speedchanging; speed reversing; and stopping?



Q120. What are causes if a diesel engine cannot stop when remote controlhandle is set to zero position? Explain method to correct thisproblem?

Q121. What should you do to repair and restart engine in case of protection device stops the engine (overspeed or low LO pressure)?

Q122. What parameters of engines can be read in central control room?What kinds of signal are used to indicate these parameters andwhat factors affect the accuracy (error) of indication?

Q123. What should you do to maintain operational reliability of governor-fuel rack group? Explain why?

Q124. What are common failures of an automatic control system for boilerwater? How to correct these failures?

Q125. Explain principle of operation of an automatic control system formarine air compressors? What attentions should be paid whenoperating this system?

Q126. Present an automatic temperature controller for diesel coolingwater (installation; principle of operation)? What should you do incase of controller malfunction?

Q127. Present an automatic temperature controller for diesel lubricatingoil (installation; principle of operation)? What should you do in caseof controller malfunction?

Q128. Present an automatic viscosity controller for diesel heavy fuel oil(installation; principle of operation)? What should you do in case of

controller malfunction?

Q129. Describe methods to supercharge for marine diesels? What methodis most widely applied?

Q130. What are common failures of turbochargers? What are the causesand how to correct these failures?

Q131. What inspections should be done to evaluate a turbochargingsystem including air cooler, turbocharger?

Q132. Draw a schematic structure of a turbocharger? Explain functions of main components?

Q133. What are causes if a turbocharger encounters “surging”? Whatshould you do when encountering this phenomenon?

Q134. How to evaluate technical conditions of heat exchangers of tubetype? How to repair damages of these exchangers?

Q135. How to evaluate technical conditions of heat exchangers of platetype through operating parameters? What attentions should bepaid in maintenance of these exchangers?

Q136. What are symptoms and causes if a vacuum fresh water generatorencounters capacity decrease? How to correct these causes?



Q137. What are functions of emergency devices and machineries inengine room? What works should be done to maintain thesemachineries in good conditions?

Q138. What are functions of emergency fuel shut-off valves? What worksshould be done to maintain these valves in good conditions?

Q139. Draw a schematic diagram of ventilation system for engine room;living apartments; stores; cargo holds? Describe principle of operation and maintenance works?

Q140. Explain the purpose and meaning of emergency equipment andmachineries.

Q141. Show procedure to put two diesel generators in parallel operation?What are requirements when sharing load?

Q142. What are causes if an electric motor encounters overheat,abnormal vibration, over current, circuit breaker trip, revolution inopposite direction? How to correct these faults?

Q143. What are symptoms of abnormalities of air starting, reversingsystems for marine diesels? How to find causes and repair theseabnormalities?

Q144. How do you know that a diesel engine encounters heat overload?What should you do in this case?

Q145. What are indicated power, effective power of diesels? How do thesepowers change in different operation conditions?

Q146. What are main operating parameters of diesels? What do you knowfrom these parameters when operating engines?

Q147. How do you know that a diesel engine encounters power overloadand torque overload? What should you do in this case?

Q148. What should be done to prepare a diesel for starting afteroverhauling or out of service for a long time? Explain why?

Q149. List types of alarm signals used for engine room machineries?Describe methods to check these signal for error?

Q150. What do you know about alarm devices used in engine room suchas: engine overspeed; emergency shutdown; LO low pressureshutdown; crankcase oil mist: ...?

150 cau hoi anhvan.doc

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