14 management, motivation and leadership: bringing ... · 14 management, motivation and leadership:...

BUSN

14 Management, Motivation and Leadership: Bringing Business to Life

©2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

1 ©2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

BUSN

14


Management, Motivation and Leadership: Bringing Business to Life

• What is the role of management and why is it important to organizational success?

• What are the key theories and current practices of motivation?

• What are the categories of business planning? • What is strategic planning? • What is the purpose of organizing as a management

function? • What is the role of managerial leadership and key

leadership roles? • What is the management control process?

2

BUSN



Bringing Resources to Life

3

Achieving the goals of an organization through planning,

organizing, leading, and controlling organizational

resources including people, money and time.

PLANNING

CONTROLLING

LEADING ORGANIZING

BUSN



Management Hierarchy: Levels of Responsibility

4

© 2009 South-Western, a division of Cengage Learning

4

Top Management

Middle Management

First Line Management

• Articulate Vision • Establish Priorities

• Facilitate Communication • Coordinate Teams

• Train, Motivate, Evaluate Employees

• Manage Daily Processes

BUSN



Management Skills: Having What it Takes to Get the Job Done

5

BUSN



The Big Mouth Bass

6

The World’s Best Boss

• How many bosses are faking it?

MORE THAN YOU THINK

• We rate those who speak up to be better leaders, even when their performance doesn’t match.

• Put in your two cents, you might end up being the boss!

BUSN



Oops! Bad Decisions, Big Impacts

• Western Union rejected the telephone. “This ‘telephone’ has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication. The device is inherently of no value to us.”

• Asa Chandler, the owner of Coca-Cola sold the exclusive rights to bottle the beverage for $1.00.

• The New York Times discounted the television. “The problem with television is that people must keep their eyes glued to a screen; the average American family hasn’t time for it.”

• Gordon Moor of Intel admits that he blew off an initial idea for the PC.

• Time Warner CEO saw the promise of new media and purchased AOL right before the Internet bubble burst.

7

BUSN



Motivation: Lighting the Fire

8

• Good managers motivate others to reach their best

• Motivated workers feel great about work

• Workers who feel good, produce more

• Diverse range of motivation theories

BUSN



Theories of Motivation: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory

9

BUSN



Theories of Motivation: Theory X and Theory Y

10

Theory X Assumptions Theory Y Assumptions

Workers dislike work and will avoid it

Work is as natural as play or rest—workers do not dislike it

Fear is motivating—coercion and threats are vital

Rewards can motivate—people can exercise self-direction and self-control

People prefer to be directed, avoiding responsibility

People can accept, and even seek responsibility Imagination, creativity, and ingenuity is widely distributed

Intellectual capacity of average workers is underutilized

BUSN



Theories of Motivation: Job Enrichment

11

Creating jobs with meaningful content, creative work:

Skill Variety Task Identity Task Significance Autonomy Feedback

BUSN



Theories of Motivation: Expectancy Theory

12

Relationship among individual effort, individual performance

and individual reward

BUSN



Theory of Motivation: Equity Theory

13

Perception of

fairness directly impacts worker

motivation

BUSN



Motivation Today

14

• Range of motivation approaches

• Engaged and productive workers

• Emphasis on corporate culture

• Expanded incentives

• Focus on training and development

http://www.time.com/time/photoessays/2006/inside_google/

BUSN



Planning: Figuring Out Where to Go and How to Get There

15

The planning function is core to effective

management. The best plans keep the organization

on track, but flexible.

• Cut Throat Competition

• Rapid Change

• Economic Uncertainty

BUSN



Planning: Figuring Out Where to Go and How to Get There

16

Type of Planning

Management Level

Examples of Planning Questions and Concerns

Strategic Planning

Senior Management

• Should we acquire a new company? • Should we outsource?

Tactical Planning

Middle Management

• Should we invest in new equipment? • Should we spend fewer ad dollars?

Operational Planning

First line management

• How should employees be scheduled? • How should customers be greeted?

BUSN



Contingency Planning

How should we respond if our competitors start a price war?

What should we do if the government regulates our industry?

How can we restart our business if a natural disaster destroys our plant?

How will we evacuate employees if terrorists strike our headquarters?

17

BUSN



Contingency Planning Paradigm

18

BUSN



Strategic Planning: Setting the Agenda

19

• Define the mission

• Evaluate competitive position

• Set goals

• Create strategies

• Implement strategies

• Evaluate results and incorporate lessons

BUSN



Attitudes and Expectations

• Goal Driven: they expect to perform for their rewards

• NOW Focused: they often look for instant gratification

• Change Oriented: they embrace change and excitement

• Tech Savvy: they are masters of the Internet and the iPod • Diverse: they are a diverse demographic—one in three is a minority • Idealistic: they grew up in a scary world but believe they can make a

difference • Fulfillment Focused: they value their families and their personal lives

20

Generation Y is changing the face of the workforce—posing a new set of challenges for managers.

BUSN



Defining Your Mission

21

Organization’s purpose, values, and core goals, providing the framework for all other plans.

State Farm's mission is to help people manage the risks of everyday life, recover from the unexpected and realize their dreams.

Google's mission is to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful.

Nike’s mission is to bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete* in the world. *If you have a body, you are an athlete.

BUSN



Green to the Core

• The clothing company Patagonia has been leading the way to green

• The company’s mission:

Make the best product, cause no unnecessary harm and use business to inspire and implement solutions to the

environmental crisis

• Patagonia hires people who appreciate the outdoors

• They provide flextime when the surf is up

• So far, it works …both for the world and for the bottom line

22

BUSN



Evaluating Your Competitive Position: SWOT Analysis

23

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT)

BUSN



Setting Your Strategic Goals

24

Creating Your Strategies SWOT is a starting point Respond to environment Dynamic and flexible

Implementing Your Strategies Tactical planning Coordination of middle

managers Evaluating Your Results and

Incorporating Lessons Continual process Controlling function Factor in lessons

BUSN



Goal Setting: Getting it Right

25

BUSN



Organizing: Fitting Together the Puzzle Pieces

26

• Logical structure for people, their jobs, and interaction

• Multiple options for structure

• Managers consider: Goals and objectives Products Technology Size Competitors

BUSN



Organization Chart

27

BUSN



Key Organization Considerations

28

• Degree of Centralization • Span of Control • Departmentalization Functional Product Customer Geographical Process

http://www.microsoft.com/about/companyinformation/ourbusinesses/business.mspx

BUSN



Organizational Models

29

Staff Managers – provide advice and assistance.

Legal, Accounting, HR

Line Organization – clear, simple

chain of command.

BUSN



Matrix Organization

30

Project Manager

Matrix Organization – • Brings together specialists to work on projects. • No clear chain of command • Effective for project type work

Functional Manager

BUSN



Hybrid Departmentalization

31

BUSN



Leadership: Directing and Inspiring

32

BUSN



Leadership Style

• Autocratic leaders hoard decision-making power for themselves.

• Democratic leaders share power with their followers.

• Free-reign leaders set objectives for their followers but give them freedom to choose how they accomplish those goals.

33

http://www.pikeplacefish.com/

BUSN



Leadership: Power & Influence

Leadership traits go hand-and-hand with power and influence

• Position provides a leader formal authority to either reward or punish.

• Expertise comes from a person’s abilities and experience.

• Personality comes from a person’s character.

34

BUSN



Controlling: Making Sure It All Works

35

1. Establish clear performance standards

2. Measure actual performance against standards

3. Take corrective action if necessary

BUSN

14


Looking Back

• What is the role of management and why is it important to organizational success?

• What are the key theories and current practices of motivation?

• What are the categories of business planning? • What is strategic planning? • What is the purpose of organizing as a management

function? • What is the role of managerial leadership and key

leadership roles? • What is the management control process?

36

14 management, motivation and leadership: bringing ... · 14 management, motivation and leadership:...

Documents