1.4 Body Image1.4 Body Image

Explore how the body is Explore how the body is portrayed in physical activityportrayed in physical activity

Sporting uniformsSporting uniforms

What is the What is the uniformuniform of the following sports of the following sports and why is it the uniform?and why is it the uniform?

*cricket *tennis * basketball *rugby*cricket *tennis * basketball *rugby*volleyball * swimming * triathlon*volleyball * swimming * triathlon*cross country skiing * netball *skating*cross country skiing * netball *skating* beach volleyball * cycling *snooker* beach volleyball * cycling *snooker Are you more likely to watch a sport based Are you more likely to watch a sport based

on what the players are wearing?on what the players are wearing?

Negative body imageNegative body image

Happens when a person believes they Happens when a person believes they are the wrong size/shape and are the wrong size/shape and compares themselves to what is compares themselves to what is considered ‘normal’considered ‘normal’

What is the ‘normal’ body imageWhat is the ‘normal’ body image??

Men:Men:

Woman:Woman:

Body ImageBody Image

Normal: Normal:

Men: tall, muscular, good looking, play rugby Men: tall, muscular, good looking, play rugby e.g Dan Cartere.g Dan Carter

Woman: slim, good looking, tonedWoman: slim, good looking, toned

e.g Maria Sharapovae.g Maria Sharapova

Models are the extreme end of the body Models are the extreme end of the body continuum, most people are not this slim continuum, most people are not this slim and it would be unhealthy to be so.and it would be unhealthy to be so.

Body TypesBody Types

Endomorph: shorter with high body Endomorph: shorter with high body fat e.g rugby propfat e.g rugby prop

Ectomorph: taller with low body fatEctomorph: taller with low body fate.g high jumpere.g high jumper

Mesomorph: high muscle massMesomorph: high muscle masse.g gymnastse.g gymnasts

Sporting Body TypesSporting Body Types Put the following sporting positions in the trianglePut the following sporting positions in the triangle MesomorphMesomorph

EctomorphEctomorph EndomorphEndomorph

*cricketer *100m sprinter * swimmer*cricketer *100m sprinter * swimmer*sumo *gymnast *jockey *dancer*sumo *gymnast *jockey *dancer*wrestler *rugby prop * high jumper*wrestler *rugby prop * high jumper*basketball *volleyball*basketball *volleyball

S.P.E.E.C.HS.P.E.E.C.H

How do these factors influence body How do these factors influence body image during physical activity?image during physical activity?

Social:Social:Political:Political:Economic:Economic:Environmental:Environmental:Cultural:Cultural:Historical:Historical:

S.P.E.E.C.HS.P.E.E.C.H

Social: how our friends/family influence our Social: how our friends/family influence our body and what activity we dobody and what activity we do

Political: how the government influence us Political: how the government influence us (money given to certain sports)(money given to certain sports)

Economic: the cost of exercise and clothingEconomic: the cost of exercise and clothingEnvironmental: where we live, what Environmental: where we live, what

activities are available in our areaactivities are available in our areaCultural: influence of NZ society on activity, Cultural: influence of NZ society on activity,

NZ supposed sporty/outdoor countryNZ supposed sporty/outdoor countryHistorical: how peoples attitudes to activity Historical: how peoples attitudes to activity

have changed. Women in olympicshave changed. Women in olympics

Age and ExerciseAge and Exercise

What is the difference between What is the difference between young and old people and exercise?young and old people and exercise?

Flexibility, injury, team vs individual Flexibility, injury, team vs individual sports, competition vs participation,sports, competition vs participation,

Medical vs challenge, parental Medical vs challenge, parental influence vs personal influenceinfluence vs personal influence

Is it ok for elderly people to wear Is it ok for elderly people to wear tight clothing when playing?tight clothing when playing?

Age and exerciseAge and exercise

Are these sports for old or young Are these sports for old or young people? Why is there this people? Why is there this stereotype? stereotype?

Bowls, golf, hiking, swimming, Bowls, golf, hiking, swimming, cycling, Rugby, netball, hockey, cycling, Rugby, netball, hockey, marathon running, gymnastics, marathon running, gymnastics, tennis, crickettennis, cricket

Male vs FemaleMale vs Female

physical differencesphysical differences Testosterone, estrogen, aggressive, Testosterone, estrogen, aggressive,

faster and stronger, higher percent faster and stronger, higher percent of body fat, smaller shoulders for of body fat, smaller shoulders for better flexibility, wider hips allow for better flexibility, wider hips allow for better rotation, higher pain better rotation, higher pain threshold, sweat less so conserve threshold, sweat less so conserve energy betterenergy better

Male vs FemaleMale vs Female

Which sport are men and women Which sport are men and women the closest in terms of ability? the closest in terms of ability?

Endurance swimming and Endurance swimming and Gymnastics (flexibility and agility)Gymnastics (flexibility and agility)

(body fat gives flotation, flexible (body fat gives flotation, flexible shoulder and hips, good endurance, shoulder and hips, good endurance, technique not strength)technique not strength)

Aesthetic sports (dance, skating)Aesthetic sports (dance, skating)

Body typesBody types

Body TypesBody Types

What sport do you think best What sport do you think best caters for all body types?caters for all body types?

Netball: GK endo, centre meso,Netball: GK endo, centre meso, GS endoGS endoRugby: Prop endo, first 5 meso,Rugby: Prop endo, first 5 meso, lock ectolock ecto* Think of 2 more yourself* Think of 2 more yourself

Sexuality in SportSexuality in Sport

violence, aggression, beauty, hide emotions, violence, aggression, beauty, hide emotions, cheerleading , professional, cheerleading , professional,

contact sports, drinking beer, supporting, contact sports, drinking beer, supporting, amateur, dance/gymnastics, show emotions amateur, dance/gymnastics, show emotions

Put all of the above words in a table under the Put all of the above words in a table under the heading Male or femaleheading Male or female

SpectatorshipSpectatorship GirlsGirls: are you more likely to watch a sport : are you more likely to watch a sport

where the boys show their bodies like in where the boys show their bodies like in aussie rules, swimming, athletics, aussie rules, swimming, athletics, triathlon, boxingtriathlon, boxing

BoysBoys: are you more likely to watch a sport : are you more likely to watch a sport where the girls show their bodies like in where the girls show their bodies like in Beach volleyball, swimming, triathlon, Beach volleyball, swimming, triathlon, tennis, athleticstennis, athletics

* This is why the media tries to ‘sell’ sport by * This is why the media tries to ‘sell’ sport by using good looking action shotsusing good looking action shots

Feminine/MasculineFeminine/Masculine

Netball, Dance, Ice skating, Netball, Dance, Ice skating, Horseriding, Rugby, Volleyball, Horseriding, Rugby, Volleyball, Boxing, Golf, Swimming, Cricket Boxing, Golf, Swimming, Cricket

Put the above sports on the continuumPut the above sports on the continuum

Feminine Neutral MasculineFeminine Neutral Masculine

Violence in SportViolence in Sport

What sports are the most violent?What sports are the most violent? CombatCombat: Boxing, martial arts (judo, : Boxing, martial arts (judo,

taekwando, karate), wrestlingtaekwando, karate), wrestling TeamTeam: Rugby, rugby league, aussie : Rugby, rugby league, aussie

rules, gridironrules, gridiron Most watched sports in the worldMost watched sports in the world: :

Football, Olympics, Basketball, Football, Olympics, Basketball, Amercian Football (why are they?)Amercian Football (why are they?)

Emotions in sportEmotions in sport

What emotions are shown in sport?What emotions are shown in sport?

happy, sad, anger, frustration, happy, sad, anger, frustration, celebration, concentration, focus, celebration, concentration, focus, determination, calmness, relaxeddetermination, calmness, relaxed

Are certain sports more likely to show Are certain sports more likely to show specific emotions? Think of 10.specific emotions? Think of 10.

e.g Soccer – faking an injurye.g Soccer – faking an injury

Developing a healthy body imageDeveloping a healthy body image

listen to your body, eat when you are listen to your body, eat when you are hungryhungry

be realistic about the size you are likely to be realistic about the size you are likely to be and what sports will suit yoube and what sports will suit you

exercise regularly (daily) in a way you exercise regularly (daily) in a way you enjoy regardless of body shapeenjoy regardless of body shape

elite athletes and models are a very small elite athletes and models are a very small minority of our population minority of our population

Get support from friends, team matesGet support from friends, team mates

Body Image and the MediaBody Image and the Media

The body is used in many ways by the The body is used in many ways by the media:media:

* A symbol of glamour (tall, elegant * A symbol of glamour (tall, elegant models used to sell productsmodels used to sell products

* As a sex object (models in seductive * As a sex object (models in seductive poses)poses)

Which 3 male and female sports stars Which 3 male and female sports stars get the most sponsorship, why?get the most sponsorship, why?

Body Image and the MediaBody Image and the Media

*David Beckham- very high profile*David Beckham- very high profile*Tiger Woods- how has infidelity affected his *Tiger Woods- how has infidelity affected his

imageimage*Le Bron James – basketball NBA*Le Bron James – basketball NBA

*Maria Sharapova (tennis)*Maria Sharapova (tennis)*Serena Williams (tennis)*Serena Williams (tennis)

NZ participation numbersNZ participation numbers Auckland marathon: 12,000Auckland marathon: 12,000 Round taupo cycle: 10,000Round taupo cycle: 10,000

Rugby: 145,000Rugby: 145,000Soccer: 135,000Soccer: 135,000Netball: 135,000Netball: 135,000Cricket: 100,000Cricket: 100,000Hockey 70,000Hockey 70,000Individual vs Team sports Individual vs Team sports (participate vs competition)(participate vs competition)