PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTAMINANTTRANSPORT IN GROUNDWATER / STUTTGART / 4-6 APRIL 1989

Contaminant Transportin GroundwaterEdited by

H.E.KOBUSW.KINZELBACHInstitutfiir Wasserbau, Universitdt Stuttgart

Siblfothek des FachgebieteaHydraulik und Hydrologie

Technische Hochschule Darmstadt0-61 Darmstadt/PetersenatraBe

A.A.BALKEMA / ROTTERDAM / BROOKFIELD /1989

Contaminant Transport in Groundwater, Kobus & Kinzelbach (eds)© 1989Balkema, Rotterdam. ISBN 90 61918790

Contents

Preface xi

Research on groundwater flow and transport problems at the Universitat Stuttgart 1Helmut EXobus

1. Field methods and data processing

Hydrogeologic contaminant behaviour in fractured and unfractured clayey deposits in 11CanadaJACherry

Effect of the observation network geometry on groundwater solute transport modelling 21Andrds Bdrdossy & Peter Nachtnebel

Plausibility analysis of structured groundwater quality data via geostatistics 27Zbigniew WXundzewicz, Andrds Bdrdossy, Erich JPlate & Jost Grimm-Strele

The influence of sampling methods on the results of groundwater quality measurements 33BBarczewski & PMarschall

Inflow into monitoring wells with long screens 41VXaleris

Controls on denitrification in shallow unconfined aquifers 51Robert CStarr & Robert W.Gillham

2. Field studies and tracer experiments

Experiences in the use of microorganisms in soil and aquifer decontamination 59Peter Werner

Contaminant transport in bank filtration - Determining hydraulic parameters by means of 65artificial and natural labelingHHotzl, BReichert, PMaloszewski, HMoser & W.Stichler

The behaviour of manganese during infiltration of river water to groundwater 73HR.von Gunten, EUoehn, GXarametaxas, UXrahenbuhl & MX&slys

The migration of As, Hg and Cd in groundwater of the Quaternary gravels in Dornach near 75MunichMIZahn

Results on hydrodynamic dispersion in the karstified aquifer of the Upper Jura of Frankonian 83Alb, FR GermanyK.P.Seiler, PMaloszewski & KBehrens

Longterm prognosis of the groundwater quality as influenced by landuse and landuse changes 89in the Fuhrberger Feld using numerical solute transport modelsW.HMDuynisveld, OStrebel.JBoettcher & WXinzelbach

Simulation of nitrate and sulfate transport and transformation in the Fuhrberger Feld aquifer, 97Hannover, GermanyEmil OFrind, W.H.M.Duynisveld, O.Strebel & LBoettcher

Impact of a domestic septic system on an unconfined sand aquifer 105W.D.Robertson, EASudicky, JA.Cherry, RARapaport & RJShimp

Hydrogeochemical forecast under typical conditions of mining enterprises 113Vjacheslav GRumynin

Clay/organic interactions and their effect on the hydraulic conductivity of barrier clays 117R.M.Quigley & EFernandez

3. Contaminant chemistry and column experiments

Behaviour of organic micro-pollutants in aquifers 127GMatthess

Sorption of specific organics in low concentrations on aquifer materials of low organic carbon 133content: Laboratory experimentsT.Larsen, PXjeldsen, T.H.Christensen, BSkov & MRefstrup

The use of saturated column-experiments in the assessment of pollutant transport in aquifers 141Y.M.M.Veenis & WBleuten

Transport of organophosphorus pesticides (Disulfoton, Etrimfos) through saturated porous 147mediaCPenelle, PMuntzer, LZilliox, Ph.Beh.ra & AExinger

Experimental investigations on the migration behaviour of heavy metals (Cd and Zn) in 153groundwater systems using radiotracer techniquesHBruhl & CMerz

Natural denitrification processes in the aquifer 159MRodelsperger

One-dimensional simulation of the impact of nitrogen fertilizers on the carbonate equilibrium 163J.Grossmann, BMerkel & AFaust

4. Modelling of chemistry coupled to transport

Coupled modelling of flow, mass transport, heat transport and chemistry: An example 173ACoudrain-Ribstein, P.Goblet & GdeMarsily

Modelling of groundwater flow and quality changes around bank-filtration well fields 179FLdszlo and ESzekely

VI

Approach to model the transport of leachates from a landfill site including geochemical 183processesEckartButow, Ekkehard Holzbecher & VolkerKofi

Numerical modelling of nitrate transport in a natural aquifer x 191WXinzelbach,W.Schdfer &JBerzer

Prediction of bacterial and viral transport in groundwater by deep-bed filtration equation 199MJavuz Corapcioglu & AHaridas

5. Dispersion theory and transport in fractured media

Estimates of dispersion parameters by geostatistical methods - Laboratory and field 209applicationsFritz Stauffer

Influence of spatial variability of aquifer properties on groundwater flow and dispersion 215M.-Th.Schafineister-Spierling & APekdeger

Stochastic description of typical inhomogeneities of hydraulic conductivity in fluvial gravel 221depositsPeter Jussel

Mass transport in an artificial heterogeneous aquifer: Experiments and numerical modelling 229GSchafer & H.EXobus '

Nonequilibrium and dispersion during transport of contaminants in groundwater: Field-scale 237processesMLBrusseau & P.S.CRao

Comparison between resident and flux-averaged concentration models for field-scale solute 245transport in the unsaturated zoneVladimir Cvetkovic & Georgia Destouni

Incidence of heterogeneities on pollutant transport - Density and viscosity contrasts of the 251liquid phase - Structure of solid matrixMABues, MAachib & LZilliox

The effect of multi-directional matrix diffusion on contaminant transport through fractured 259systemsRXRowe, JRBooker & AHammoud

Modelling of contaminant migration in fracture networks: Effects of matrix diffusion 267 .Diane Germain & Emil O.Frind <

Propagation of dissolved substances in rock: Theoretical consideration of the relationship 275between systems of parallel fractures and homogeneous aquifersPeter Vogel & Wilfried Giesel

6. Numerical aspects of modelling, parameter identification, and optimization

Application of Kolmogorov' s backward equation in random walk simulations of groundwater 283contaminant transportGerard JMXJffink

VII

Modelling transport in fractured rock by the Finite Element Method 291K.-PXrohn, J.Wollrath & WZielke

Modelling dispersion processes of a field experiment using a multilayer approach 299HMontenegro, HMLeismann, BHerrling, VXrenn

Behaviour of biodegradable organic contaminants in random stationary hydraulic 307conductivity fieldsEASudicky & KJBMacQuarrie

The Laplace transform Galerkin technique: A time-continuous finite element theory and 317application to mass transport in groundwaterEASudicky

A method of finite elements combined with a characteristics technique for solving 2-D 327contaminant transport in an aquiferXue-Yu Zhu & Chun-Hong Xie

Basic equations for modelling mass transport in soluble formations 333SMajid Hassanizadeh

Free convection for high concentration solute transport in porous media 341Toon Leijnse

Identification of parameters of contaminant transport in groundwater using a recirculating 347systemMMilivojcevic, DJgrutinovic & MDimkic

Parameter estimation in contaminant transport modelling 355CXaujfmann & WXinzelbach

Optimal design of well location and automatic optimization of pumping rates for aquifer 363cleanupWBogacki & KDaniels

Comments on the calibration of 2-dimensional horizontal transport simulations against 371measured in-situ concentrationsKarlheinz Spitz & Michel JLRobin

7. Multiphase flow and transport in unsaturated soil

The behaviour of dense nonaqueous phase liquid contaminants in heterogeneous porous 381mediaBHXueper, D.B.McWhorter & E.O.Frind

Finite element simulation of immiscible and slightly soluble pollutants in soil and 389groundwaterH.W.Dorgarten

Development of a three-dimensional network model for quasi-static immiscible displacement 397Lin Aberrant & Michael ACelia \

Selective dissolution and transport of hydrocarbons in an alluvial aquifer - Role and impact 405of residual air on groundwater contaminationORazakarisoa, IDRasolofoniaina, PMuntzer & LZilliox

vm

Simultaneous determination of unsaturated flow and solute transport parameters 413RAbeliuk

Development and validation of a soil nitrogen simulation model 421B.Huwe & RR.van der Ploeg

Studies for calculating the transport of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons by suction of subsoil 429air to clean contaminated soilsDieter Weth & Martina Pielke

Computation of air flows induced in the zone of aeration during in situ remediation of volatile 437hydrocarbon spillsJ.Croise, WXinzelbach & JSchmolke

Methane volatilization from contaminated groundwater - The effects of recharge 445CBDavis & CBarber

8. Various methods and applications (poster presentations)

Centrifugation of soil samples at various speeds: An original technique to measure the 453NOj concentrationIKugler, F.Gras, CSchenck &LZilliox

The In-Line-Packer-System: A modular multilevel sampler for collecting undisturbed 455groundwater samplesG.Teutsch & T.Ptak

Determination of dispersion coefficients in soils using their pore size distribution 457LUjfaludi & JMaginecz

Transport and fixation of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc in a porous aquifer 459KHBrand, KHotzl & WXafi

An effective single well injection/detection technique for the evaluation of the local scale 461dispersivity of Rio Maior aquifer, PortugalJ.PLobo Ferreifa

Transport under instationary groundwater flow conditions - Verification of numerical 463modeling, investigations and remedial actionsGBattermann, HXufimaul & KZipfel

Groundwater pollution by chromium 465MBrilly

Optimal waste disposal patterns and their impact on the assimilative capacity of aquifers 467PLatinopoulos, YMylopoulos & D.Tolikas

Groundwater quality model for the Lech river valley " 469WPelka

The efficiency of porous aquifers in decomposition and permanent elimination of typical 471pollutants out of sanitary landfills \Peter Spillmann

The mobility of technetium in aquifers - An experimental approach 473CTrapp, W.-DBock, HBriihl & AWinkler

IX

A concept of practical modelling to estimate and reduce nitrate concentrations in discharged 475groundwaterWMeier

Software environment for transport and dispersion of contaminants within saturated and 477unsaturated zonesJ.M.Usseglio-Polatera & PJar din

Field and numerical investigations of flow and transport in field soils 479K.H0gh Jensen

An investigation of the contamination of a dual porosity chalk aquifer by chlorinated 481hydrocarbonsLG.Watts & DM.Cooper

Quality assurance of the isolation of a contaminated location 483GAM.van Meurs, H.T.Sman, KABrink & MLoxham

Author index 485