132-6-rubber plantation in the border region of cn, la, mm_jiang luguang.pdf

8/13/2019 132-6-Rubber Plantation in the Border Region of CN, LA, MM_Jiang Luguang.pdf

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Spatial-temporal Dynamics of RubberPlantation in the Border Region of China,Laos and Myanmar: 1980-2010

Luguang Jiang, Zhiming Feng, Xiaona Liu,Peng Li and Jinghua Zhang

Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 100101


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Outline

Background

RS Interpretation of Rubber Plantation

Spatial-temporal Pattern of RubberPlantation

Topographic Features of RubberPlantation

Summary and Prospect


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Background

Rubber plantation wasintroduced to this region in 1940s.

BRCLM is the key region ofopium poppy substitution planting

under international cooperation. Rubber, as the main cash cropfor opium poppy substitution

planting: more income for localfarmers, less drugs for the world.


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The Border Region of China, Laos and Myanmar

BRCLM includes threecounties in southwestYunnan Province , China(Jinghong City, MenghaiCounty, Mengla County),three provinces innorthern Laos (LuangNamtha Province,Phongsaly Province,Oudomxay Province), andtwo districts in northeastMyanmar (KengtungDistrict, Mongphat District)

The region covers nearly 74 000 km 2 with2 million people living in the end of 2010.BRCLM is a multi-ethnic region with morethan twenty ethnics living across borders.


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Outline

Background






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Interpretation of Rubber Plantation Remote sensing sources : Landsat MSS/ETM/TM images; MODIS

images. Time-series: 1980-1990-2000-2010 DEM: GDEM (30m) Other data: Standard format of topographic maps with 1: 100000

scale; Field survey samples of Xishuangbanna in 2010


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Based on MODIS-NDVI data, we analyzed phenologicalcharacteristics of each vegetation coverage and determined thetemporal window for rubber detection.

According to the spectral differences of rubber forest at differentage, young rubber forest (


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Rubber Plantation: 1980 - 2010


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Outline

Background






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Current Spatial Pattern of Rubber PlantationOverview In 2010, rubber plantations covered 6187 km 2, accountingfor 8.42% of study area, was the dominated land use type in BRCLM.The proportion of mature rubber plantations (10 year) and youngrubber plantations (


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Distribution Changes of Rubber Plantation

CHINA

MYANMAR

LAOS


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Outline

Background






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Relationship with elevation factor

Overview : Highest: 1044~1998m Lowest 453~423m Range 591~1575m

Change pattern : Main distribution interval: 400~1200m; over 4/5 concentrated in thegradients of 600~1000m; rarely occurred in elevations beyond 1200 m. 1980-2010: the proportion of rubber plantations area in the elevation of600-800m decreased, while increased in the gradients of 800-1000 m. Rubber plantations showed an obvious characteristic of expanding tohigher (especially above 1000 m) and lower (below 600 m) elevations.

Higher Lower Wider


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Elevation(m)

1980 1990 2000 2010

WithinChina

WithinChina

WithinMyanm

ar WithinChina

WithinLaos

WithinMyanm

ar WithinChina

WithinLaos

WithinMyanma

r

400-600 15.08 11.51 7.18 3.84 12.10 3.71 10.51 19.06

600-800

80.18

78.07

80.74

66.04

73.27

84.04

42.86

67.91

54.18

800-1000 4.73 10.30 19.26 25.20 22.90 3.86 37.20 19.00 22.53

1000-1200 0.01 0.13 1.58 13.46 2.58 3.28

1200-1400 0.01 2.20 0.89

1400-1600 0.39 0.06

1600-1800 0.16

1800-2000 0.03

China 1980-2010): expanded to areas at higherelevations with wider range ofexpansion. increased gradually theplanted intensity.Myanmar 1990-2010): expanded fluctuating aroundthe appropriate elevationgradients of 600 ~800 m witha wider elevation range. increased continually theplanted intensity.Laos 2000-2010): expended to higher and lower

elevations surroundinggradients of 600-800 m. increased the plantedintensity gradually.


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Relationship with Slope Factor

Distribution : 90% mainly distributed in slopes below 25. nearly 2/3 concentrated in the appropriate slope gradients between 8and 25. rarely occurred in slopes above 35.

Change pattern 1980-2010): The area proportion of rubber plantations in slopes below 15declined, while in slopes beyond 15 increased. The expansion of rubber plantations mainly occurred between 15 and

35 and gradually extended in steep and abrupt slopes. The planted intensity of rubber plantations gradually increased at allslopes with increase of 6.83% in gentle slopes and 4.06% in abruptslopes.


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Relationship with Aspect Factor

Distribution: rarely distributed on flat aspect, while meanly distributed on other fouraspects. the planted intensity increased gradually in different aspect gradients. mainly distributed more on south and east aspects than on north andwest aspects, and the planted intensity showed the similar trend.

Change pattern 1980-2010): The proportion gradually declined on the flat and north aspects, whilerose continually on the south aspect, and decreased firstly thenincreased on the east aspect which was opposite with the west aspect.

The expansion mainly occurred on south aspect. The area continued to expand on east aspect, while declined on northand west aspects.


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Aspect

1980 1990 2000 2010

WithinChina

WithinChina

WithinMyanm

ar WithinChina

WithinLaos

WithinMyanm

ar WithinChina

WithinLaos

WithinMyanma

r

Flat 1.24 1.16 4.05 1.00 0.97 0.69 0.94 1.51 1.05 North 23.45 23.55 11.42 23.01 22.16 21.93 23.08 22.51 22.24

East 23.21 23.03 50.83 23.12 23.59 21.18 24.52 24.48 24.05

South 26.68 27.22 33.69 28.07 34.97 38.86 27.95 28.80 31.44

West 25.42 25.05 0.00 24.79 18.32 17.36 23.51 22.70 21.22

China 1980-2010): expanded continually on southand east aspects.

increased the rubber plantedintensity at all aspects.

Myanmar 1990-2010): mainly distributed on south andeast aspects with expansion onsouth and west aspects. increased the planted intensity inall aspect gradients.

Laos 2000-2010): mainly distributed on south andeast aspects with expansion oneast and west aspects. rose planted intensity in allaspect gradients.


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Outline

Background






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Summary and Prospect Rubber plantations has been expanded to the areas of

higher elevations and steeper slopes in China. There areconsiderable suitable land for rubber plantation in Laos andMyanmar.

A reasonable planning in the border region for rubber

plantation is needed, according to the current pattern ofrubber plantation and topographical conditions appropriatefor rubber planting.

Pay more attention to the natural forest conservation, and tobalance the rubber production, natural forest conservationand opium poppy substitution planting.

Provide more fund and technical assistance for local farmers,to raise profit at least negative ecological impacts.


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Thanks for Your Attention.

Contact Information:Luguang Jiang, PhD, Associate ProfessorDeputy Director, Division of Water and Land Resources,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of SciencesAdd: 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, ChinaE-mail: [email protected] Tel: 86-10-64889467

- Rubber plantations in the border region of China, Laos and Myanmar
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

132-6-rubber plantation in the border region of cn, la, mm_jiang luguang.pdf

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