13.1. structure definition - autodesk...training manual robot millennium page 93 Ó robobat in the x...

Training manual Robot Millennium page 92

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13. EXERCISE NO. 13 "DEFINITION OF AN RC CONTAINER."

13.1. Structure definition Enter Robot Millennium and select structure type Shell Design ( icon) or, if the program is already running, select File / New Project / Shell Design option from the main menu. Proposed scheme of the container is displayed on the picture below.

13.1.1. Structural axes - definition To define structure axis open the Structural axis dialog box by selecting Geometry / Axis Definition

from menu or by pressing the icon from the right toolbar.



In the X tab there will appear several tabs used in structural axis definition: − Position field, which defines in the global axis coordinate system, the point on the axis from

which the positioning of the first defined axis/level is sized. Default value is set on 0.00. − In the No. of Repet. field one could define the number of generated axes/levels. Type 2. − The Distance field describes the spacing between the generated axes/levels. Set on 6.0 m

To apply axis press the Insert button, which inserts axes defined in the edit fields. In the Y tab enter following data:

− In the Position field – 0.00 − In the No. of Repet. field – 1 − In The Distance field – 6.0 m − In the Numbering field, which defines the method of axis numbering, select A,B,C

To apply axis press the Insert button which Inserts axes defined in the edit fields. In the Z tab enter following data:

− In the Position field – 0.00 − In the No. of Repet. field – 1 − In The Distance field – 3.0 m − In the Numbering field, which defines the method of axis numbering, select Define which and

in the field on the right type Level 1

To apply axis press the Insert button; to finish the operation press the Apply and Close buttons. Display a 3D view of the structure by means of selection from the upper menu View / Projection / 3D xyz. The defined axis is presented on the drawing below.

13.1.2. Thickness and reinforcement parameters definition Thickness To define new thickness of planar elements select from the menu: Geometry / Properties / Thickness

or press the icon from the right toolbar which opens the New Thickness dialog box. In this dialog

box choose the icon, which opens the New Thickness dialog box.

• Walls

On the Homogeneous tab enter: In the Thickness field enter new value 25 cm. In the Material field define material as Concrete. In the Label field enter the new name TH25_CONCR for defined thickness type. Press Add button.



• Bottom

On the Homogeneous tab enter: In the Thickness field enter new value 30 cm. In the Elastic Foundation field define value KZ for 50000 kN/m3 and Material for Concrete. In the Label field enter the new name TH30_CONCR for defined thickness type. Press Add and Close buttons. Recently defined thickness will appear in the Active Thickness Type list. Close the FE Thickness dialog box pressing the Close button.

Reinforcement for walls

From the right toolbar select the icon and in the Plate\Shell Reinforcement Type dialog box and

press the icon, which opens the Reinforcement Parameters dialog box. Note: in the exercise English code BS 8110 was used.

In the General tab activate Along X-Axis option in the Main reinforcement direction field and define the name as Dir_X. In the Materials tab switch on the BS8110: 1997 option located on the Partial safety factors according to field. Other parameters leave as default. Press Add and Close buttons.

Press the icon, then on the General tab activate Along Z-Axis option in the Main reinforcement direction field and define the name as Dir_Z. In the Materials tab switch on the BS8110: 1997 option located on the Partial safety factors according to field. Other parameters leave as default. Press Add and Close buttons and then close the Plate\Shell Reinforcement Type dialog box press again the Close button.

13.1.3. The longer side wall of the container Definition of the contours Select from the menu View / Work in 3D / Global Work Plane, which opens the Work Plane dialog box. Place the cursor in the point specified by intersection of the following axes: 1, B, Level 1, which results in appearing in the Work Plane dialog box consequent coordinates (see the picture below).



Select from the menu View / Projection / Zx (shortcut key: Ctrl+Alt+1). Once this option is selected the structure is set on the ZX plane at the recently defined Y-coordinate value (in the exercise Y = 6).

To define contours over the grid of intersecting structure axes press the icon or select from the menu: Geometry / Objects / Polyline – contour. The Polyline – Contour dialog box will be open with Contour option switched on. Press the Geometry button, which opens the Geometry portion of the dialog box; switch to the graphic viewer and left click on the point indicate the first point on the contour and then click on the consecutive points of the longer side wall. This points may be define as the coordinates of the intersection points of following structure axis:

First contour Second contour Axis intersection Coordinates Axis intersection Coordinates 1, Level 2; (0.00;6.00;3.00) 2, Level 2; (6.00;6.00;3.00) 2, Level 2; (6.00;6.00;3.00) 3, Level 2; (12.00;6.00;3.00) 2, Level 1; (6.00;6.00;0.00) 3, Level 1; (12.00;6.00;0.00) 1, Level 1; (0.00;6.00;0.00) 2, Level 1 (6.00;6.00;0.00) 1, Level 2; (0.00;6.00;3.00) 2, Level 2; (6.00;6.00;3.00) Press the Close button, which closes the Polyline – Contour dialog box. Note: to finish contour definition one should indicate once again the first point of the contour. Definition of the panels

Select from the menu View / Projection / 3D xyz. Once this option is selected, a 3D view of the defined structure is displayed.

To define panels for the longer side wall select from the menu: Geometry / Panels or click the icon from the right toolbar, which opens the Panel dialog box. In the Properties field from available reinforcement list select Dir_Z reinforcement type. In the Thickness field apply TH25_CONCR thickness. To apply recently defined panel properties activate Internal Point option and indicate a point within the two longer side wall panels or provide the numbers (1 and 2) of objects, which the contour consists of.



To make drawing clearer select from the menu: View / Display, which opens the Display dialog box and turn off the option Numbers and panel description from the Finite Elements dialog box.

13.1.4. The bottom of the container Definition of the contours

Before defining of contours for the bottom, go to the XY projection by selecting from the menu: View / Projection / Xy (shortcut key: Ctrl+Alt+2). Once the option is selected the structure is set on the XY plane at the recently defined Z coordinate value (default value: Z = 0). This option is also available

from the toolbar by means of the icon. To define contours for the bottom select: Geometry / Objects / Polyline - contour. Press the Geometry button, which opens Geometry portion of the dialog box; switch to the graphic viewer and left click on the following points:

Third contour Fourth contour Axis intersection Coordinates Axis intersection Coordinates 1, B; (0.00;6.00;0.00) 2, B; (6.00;6.00;0.00) 2, B; (6.00;6.00;0.00) 3, B; (12.00;6.00;0.00) 2, A; (6.00;0.00;0.00) 3, A; (12.00;0.00;0.00) 1, A; (0.00;0.00;0.00) 2, A; (6.00;0.00;0.00) 1, B; (0.00;6.00;0.00) 2, B; (6.00;6.00;0.00) Press the Close button, which closes the Polyline – Contour dialog box. Select from the menu: View / Projection / 3d xyz, which displays the structure in 3D projection. Definition of the panels



To define panels for the bottom select from the menu: Geometry / Panels or click the icon from the right toolbar which opens the Panel dialog box. In the Properties field from available reinforcement list select Dir_X reinforcement. In the Thickness field apply TH30_CONCR thickness. To apply recently defined panel properties activate Internal Point option and indicate a point within the two longer side wall panels or provide the numbers (3 and 4) of objects which the contour consists of.

13.1.5. The shorter wall of the container Definition of the contours

Go to the YZ projection by selecting from the menu: View / Projection / Yz (shortcut key: Ctrl+Alt+3). Once the option is selected the structure is set on the YZ plane at the recently defined X coordinate

value (default value: X = 0). This option is also available from the toolbar by means of the icon. To define contours for the bottom select: Geometry / Objects / Polyline - contour. Press the Geometry button, which opens Geometry portion of the dialog box; switch to the graphic viewer and left click on the following points:

Fifth contour Axis intersection Coordinates A, Level 2; (0.00;0.00;3.00) B, Level 2; (0.00;6.00;3.00) B, Level 1; (0.00;6.00;0.00) A, Level 1; (0.00;0.00;0.00) A, Level 2; (0.00;0.00;3.00) Press the Close button, which closes the Polyline – Contour dialog box. Select from the menu: View / Projection / 3d xyz, which displays the structure in 3D projection. Definition of the panel



To define panels for the shorter wall click the icon from the right toolbar, which opens the Panel dialog box. In the Properties field from available reinforcement list select Dir_Z reinforcement. In the Thickness field apply TH25_CONCR thickness. To apply recently defined panel properties activate Internal Point option and indicate a point within the shorter side wall panel or provide the number (5) of object, which the contour consists of. To check geometry of panels and reinforcement type select from the menu: View / Display that opens the Display dialog box. On the Finite Elements tab switch on the Numbers and panel description option and on the Others tab turn off the Structural Axis option. Press the OK button.

13.1.6. Copying the walls

Shorter side wall From the bottom toolbar select the icon that opens the Display dialog box. On the Finite Elements tab switch off the Numbers and panel description option and on the Others tab turn on the Structural Axis option. From the menu: select: View / Projection / 3d xyz and in the graphic viewer select shorter wall panel (color of selected panel changes to red). Open the Translation dialog box by selecting from the menu: Edit / Edit / Translate. Define the translation vector manually by typing in the coordinates (6,0,0) of the vector or the appropriate node numbers in the Translation Vector edit field; in the Number of Repetitions field set the number of repetitions for 2. Press the Execute and Close buttons.

Longer side wall In the graphic viewer select longer wall panels pressing the Ctrl key (colour of selected panels changes to red). Open the Translation dialog box (cursor changes its shape to a cross) in the Number of Repetitions field define the number of repetitions (1); clicking on beginning (left shorter side wall) and end (middle shorter side wall) of the translation vector define it in a graphic way. To finish the operation press Close button.



13.1.7. Definition of the orientation of the container walls

Note: all changes will be performed to obtain the local coordinate system orientation as on

the picture above. To switch on the view of the local coordinate systems select from the menu: View / Display / Structure / Local system / Apply. To change orientation of the container walls select Geometry / Properties / Local Panel Direction that opens the Local System Orientation dialog box, which allows one to determine the sense of the normal vector to plate or shell surface. To change the sense of the normal for bottom panels indicate the two bottom panels for which the local coordinate system is to be changed, select the Change of local Z axis sense option and press the Apply button.

To change the sense of the normal for longer side wall panels locate the cursor in the Panels field and enter the numbers of appropriate panels (in the exercise 1 and 2) and press the Apply button.

Check the same parameters for others walls and modify them if necessary.



To switch off the view of the local coordinate systems select from the menu: View / Display that opens the Display dialog box. On the Others tab turn off the Structural Axis option. Press the OK button.

13.1.8. Definition of a node at the geometrical center of the bottom

From the right toolbar select the icon, which opens the Nodes dialog box

The following two ways of defining node are possible:

− while in the snap-to-grid mode, indicate grid points using the cursor in the edit field; the node coordinates are transferred „on-line” to the appropriate field in the dialog box; node definition on the graphic screen results in saving the node to the database. The node number in the dialog box is changed to the next available number

− manually, by filling in fields with the node number (1) and coordinates (6.00,3.00,0.00) and pressing the Add button.

13.1.9. Definition of supports To define a new support select from the menu: Geometry / Supports or click the icon from the

right toolbar, which opens the Supports dialog box. In the opened dialog box press the icon that opens another dialog box presented below, which allows definition of the support of the structure.

On the Rigid tab set on UX, UY and RZ option. Once these options are selected the displacements in the X and Y direction as well as the rotation about Z-axis will be blocked. In the Label field set the name for new support (in the exercise Support_1). Others parameters leave as default. Press Add and Close buttons. A new support blocking the rotation around Z-axis and the displacement along X and Y-axis will be added and its symbol will appear on the graphic screen in the Supports dialog box.



To apply supports to the structure from the list of active supports select support type Fixed, activate option Line in the Current Selection tab, and then select graphically all lines surrounding bottom panels to do so one should select the edges surrounding the 3rd and 4th contour. Press the Apply button. To apply another support type to the structure, from the list of active supports select type (Support_1), activate option Point/Node and in the current selection field select node (no. 1 at the geometrical center of the bottom). Press the Apply and Close buttons. Defined supports will appear on the graphic viewer.

13.2. Definition of mesh parameters To change meshing parameters, select from the menu: Tools / Job Preferences / Meshing Options / Modification, which opens the Meshing Options dialog box. In the Mesh Generation field with the Coons method selected, activate User option (the FE mesh will be generated based on the user defined meshing method parameters) and enter 6 in the Division 1 and Division 2 field. Other parameters leave as default, press the OK button, which closes the Meshing Options dialog box.

13.3. Definition of loads (proposed schemes)

To open the Load Types dialog box select from menu Loads / Loads Types or click the icons from the right toolbar.



There will be applied four load cases to the structure: − self – weight load (DL1) − load resulting from backfill pressure (LL1) − load resulting from the pressure of water contained in one chamber (LL2) − temperature gradient on the external wall surfaces (TEMP1)

13.3.1. Load types To define load types, in the Load Types set nature of load for dead and press once, then set nature of load for live and press twice the New button. To define subsequent temperature load type, set nature of load for temperature and press the New button. There will appear recently defined dead loads (DL1, LL1, LL2 and TEMP1) in the list of available load cases. Load definition

• Self – weight (DL1)

Select from menu Loads / Load Definition that opens the Load Definition dialog box. Note: self-weight will be automatically applied to the structure.

• Load resulting from backfill pressure (LL1)

Select the LL1 case in the load cases combobox and then in the Surface tab select the

Hydrostatic Pressure option (the button). In the open Pressure dialog box enter the following values: − - 5 in the Pressure Value P. field − - 20 in the Unit Weight of Liquid field − 2 in the Liquid Level h field

Press the Add button, select all outside wall (except bottom walls) and press the Apply button.

• Load resulting from the pressure of water contained in one chamber (LL2)

Select the LL2 case in the load cases combobox and then in the Surface tab select the Hydrostatic Pressure option and set following parameters: − 0 in the Pressure Value P. field − 10 in the Unit Weight of Liquid field − 3 in the Liquid Level h field



Press the Add button, select walls of one of the containers chambers (in the exercise the right one) and press the Apply button.

• Temperature gradient on the external wall surfaces (TEMP1)

Select the TEMP1 case in the load cases combobox and then in the Surface tab select the

Thermal Load 3p option (the button), which opens the Thermal Load 3p dialog box.

On the Values tab with the Uniform option activated, which ensures that the temperature load of the surface structure element (panel) is uniform, enter in the Gradient field value: 30 for the gradient. Press the Add button, select all side walls and bottom walls and press the Apply button.

13.3.2. Definition of load combinations To open the Combinations dialog box Select from the menu: Loads / Combinations that opens the Combination Definition/Modification dialog box with few options:



− Combination Name field for entering the name of the defined combination (otherwise, the field contains a default name)

− Combination type for example if the ULS option is selected, the load case combination will be used for steel and RC element design during verification of the ultimate limit state conditions.

− Nature field containing a list of load case natures. − Seismic Combination option used for determination of the type of the seismic combination

(SRSS method – Square Root of the Sum of Squares; CQC method - Complete Quadratic Combinations, 10% method, 2SM method - double sum) - the options become available once a case of seismic analysis is defined for a structure

− Quadratic Combination if this option is active, it means that the results for this combination will be calculated as a square root of a sum of squares.

All options were left as the default. Click the OK button the Combinations dialog box will appear on screen. This option allows for definition and modification of load case combinations. To define load cases for combination:

− Select a load case from the Case List − Enter a factor value for the selected load case in the Factor field. If the auto option is selected,

the factor defined for the selected load nature will be applied automatically.

− Press the button and repeat three above operations for consecutive load cases − Press the Apply button.

Press the Close button.

If all defined load cases are to be taken into account in the combination, press the button. Note: for all natures, default factors was applied.



13.4. Calculations To run structure analysis choose the command from the menu: Analysis / Calculations or select the

Analysis icon from the toolbar .

13.5. Analysis of results Once the structure calculations are completed, analysis of results may be viewed in two forms: as graphics (diagrams or maps of the structure load effects) or in the form of tables.

13.5.1. Results in the map form The Maps dialog box is used to display the structure deformation and the chosen maps of the internal forces, stresses and displacements across the surface elements. This option is available by choosing the Results / Maps option or choosing the RESULTS – MAPS layout.

The Maps dialog box consists of seven tabs: Detailed, Principal, Complex, Parameters, Scale, Deformations, Crosses. Only one value may be selected in a dialog box. Switch off the presentation of load symbol by means of selecting from the menu View / Display. In the opened Display dialog box, on the Loads tab switch off the Symbols option and then press the OK button. In order to display maps of displacement perpendicular to the element’s surface on the screen, select from the list of available loads fifth load case COMB1.

On the Detailed tab select in the Displacements – u,w field option z, then on the Scale tab select Basic option in the Color Palette field; press the Apply button.

13.5.2. Screen capture of the maps The Screen Capture option allows for saving the current screen capture to be used later (for the project documentation). It is available after selecting the File/Screen Capture command from the menu. Once the option is selected, the dialog box shown bellow will appear on the screen.



To capture viewer contents type in a screen capture name (or accept a standard name provided within the program) and press the OK button. The screen capture will be saved to the left panel of the Screen Captures tab in the Printout Composition dialog box. To see screen capture, choose from the menu: Printout Composition – Wizard dialog box (File / Printout Composition – Wizard) and go to the Screen Capture tab divided into two panels. The left panel presents the names of the screens captured by the user while the right panel contains the complete printout composed by the user from the object available on the left panel. To add defined screen captures to the right panel click the Add button what results in adding to the printout only the screen capture that is selected (highlighted) in the

left panel. To see the preview of the selected screen capture click the icon.

13.5.3. Results in the table form To view results in the table form while being in the graphic viewer select from the menu: Results / Plate and Shell Results option, which opens the FE Results dialog box. There will appear a table with results on the screen. Open the context menu by clicking the right button of the mouse, select the Table columns option that opens the Results for Finite Elements dialog box and choose the Displacements u,w in direction z option. This option results in adding another column (included displacements) to the table. Press the OK button.

13.5.4. Screen capture of tables To capture the table with results, place the cursor on the table and press the right mouse button, that opens the context menu, and select the Screen Capture option. Once the option is selected, the dialog box shown bellow will appear on the screen.



To capture viewer contents press the OK button. To see screen capture, choose from the menu: Printout Composition – Wizard dialog box (File / Printout Composition – Wizard) and go to the Screen Captures. The left panel presents the names of the screens captured by the user while the right panel contains the complete printout composed by the user from the objects available on the left panel.

To add defined screen captures to the right panel click the Add button what results in adding to the printout only the screen capture that is selected. To see the preview of the selected screen capture,

click the icon.

13.6. Calculations of reinforcement for the bottom of the container panels



Select from the menu: View / Projection / Xy. Once the option is selected the structure is set on the XY plane at the recently defined Z-coordinate value (default value: Z=0). It means that only structure components from this plane will be displayed. Before starting reinforcement calculations one must choose bottom panels; if the selection has not been made, calculations will be done for the whole structure. To select panels choose from the menu:

Edit / Select or press the icon that opens the Selection dialog box.

Select the Panel option in the combobox below the All button, on the Attrib. tab select Thickness option and then in the selection field select TH30_CONCR (thickness assigned to the bottom panels)

and press the button (once the option is selected objects will be added to the current selection). Press the Close button. Select from the menu: Analysis / RC Plate and Shell Design / Required Reinforcement, the screen will be divided into three parts: graphic viewer, Plate and Shell Reinforcement and Reinforcements dialog box. In the Reinforcements dialog box switch on the Ay option in the [-] Bottom line and then activate the open new window with scale displayed option. On

the Plate and Shell Reinforcement dialog box press the button in the ULS line that opens the



Selection (ULS) dialog box, select the third load case LL2 and then press the button. In the Method list select analytical method and then press the Calculate button.

Capture the screen with the results in form of the map. To see results in form of tables select from the menu: Results / Plate and Shell Reinforcements or

select the icon from the right toolbar, which opens the table with results. Capture the screen with the results in form of the map. Note: white color in the reinforcement map means that in this area constructional

reinforcement is needed.

13.6.1. Mesh refinement To refine meshing parameters, select from the menu: Tools / Job Preferences / Meshing Options / Modification, which opens the Meshing Options dialog box. In the Mesh Generation fields with the Coons method selected, activate User option (the FE mesh will be generated based on the user defined meshing method parameters) and enter 12 in the Division 1 and Division 2 field. Other parameters leave as default.

13.6.2. Calculation of refined structure mesh To run analysis for structure with refined mesh select the command from the menu: Analysis /

Calculations or select the Analysis icon from the toolbar .

13.6.3. Freeze the mesh on panels

On the toolbar press the button that opens the Selection dialog box.

In the combobox below the All button select Panel option. In the field above the Previous button enter the number for panels to be chosen (except one in the exercise panel no 9 is unfreeze) 1to8. Press the Close button.



From the menu: select: Analysis / Calculation Model / Mesh Freeze. Selecting this option results in freezing the mesh hitherto generated for the finite elements. When the calculation model is created again, the mesh will remain unchanged (generation will be performed for panels for which a mesh of finite elements has not been created).

13.6.4. Opening definition in the non-frozen wall

Set the structure on the ZX plane by selecting option View / Projection / Zx. Select from the menu: View / Work in 3D / Global Work Plane that opens the Work Plane dialog box, which allows for setting the work plane for the structure.

As the construction is set on the ZX plane, the Work Plane dialog box will contain only the Y coordinate field unblocked. In the Y coordinate field enter the value 0, which causes that the construction will be edited in a projection on the ZX plane where the Y coordinate value equals 0.

From the upper menu select Geometry / Objects / Circle that opens the Circle dialog box.

In the part of the dialog box called Definition Method select the center – radius option, it causes that the circle will be defined using the center and a point on its circumference. Open the Geometry part of the dialog box and define the circle by giving the coordinates of circle center (9.00,0.00,1.50) and entering the radius value (0.75) in the Radius field. Press the Apply and Close buttons.

13.6.5. Model generation Select from the menu: Analysis / Calculation Model / Generation the program begins to generate the calculation model of a structure (finite elements). Display a 3d view of the structure by selecting from the menu: View / Projection / 3d xyz, press the icon or select option View / Display that opens the



Display dialog box. On the Hidden lines tab, select Hidden lines option then press the Apply and OK buttons.

13.6.6. Calculations

To run structure analysis choose the Analysis / Calculations command from the menu or select the

Analysis icon from the toolbar .

13.1. structure definition - autodesk...training manual robot millennium page 93 Ó robobat in the x...

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