13-3,413-3,4Issues of Inner Cities and Issues of Inner Cities and

SuburbsSuburbs

Compare/ContrastCompare/Contrast

I.I. Review – Complete the Review – Complete the following sentences:following sentences:

A) Today, the largest intraregional A) Today, the largest intraregional migration in the United States is from migration in the United States is from ………… to ………….………… to ………….

B) People are making this move B) People are making this move because………………because………………

Answers:Answers:

A) Today, the largest intraregional A) Today, the largest intraregional migration in the United States is from migration in the United States is from urban urban to to suburbansuburban

B) People are making this move B) People are making this move because because they want a change of they want a change of lifestyle (yards, space, less crowded, lifestyle (yards, space, less crowded, less crime, etc.)less crime, etc.)

II. INNER CITIESII. INNER CITIESPhysical ProblemsPhysical Problems

A) DeteriorationA) Deterioration 1- filtering1- filtering 2 - redlining2 - redlining

B) Urban RenewalB) Urban Renewal

1 – Public Housing1 – Public Housing

What City?

CHICAGO!!!

TO

C) GentrificationC) Gentrification

III. Inner-City III. Inner-City Social ProblemsSocial Problems

A) Permanent UnderclassA) Permanent Underclass

B) Homelessness (MDC’s)B) Homelessness (MDC’s)

C) Homelessness (LDC’s)C) Homelessness (LDC’s)300,000+ in this city alone!300,000+ in this city alone!

What city is it? Calcutta, India

D) Traits of the UnderclassD) Traits of the Underclass

1- Lack of Job Skills1- Lack of Job Skills 2 – Teenage Pregnancy2 – Teenage Pregnancy

E) Culture of PovertyE) Culture of Poverty

1 – Crime1 – Crime 2 – Ethnic/Racial Segregation2 – Ethnic/Racial Segregation

Which 2 Families are theOriginal ones?(no make-up)

What urban model best What urban model best describes racial distribution?describes racial distribution?

A) Burgess Concentric Zone ModelA) Burgess Concentric Zone Model B) Hoyt Sector ModelB) Hoyt Sector Model C) Harris Multiple Nuclei ModelC) Harris Multiple Nuclei Model D) Dor Social Area Analysis Model D) Dor Social Area Analysis Model E) McNeal Chicago City ModelE) McNeal Chicago City Model

Sector Model

IV. Inner-CityIV. Inner-CityEconomic ProblemsEconomic Problems

A) Concentration of low-income A) Concentration of low-income residents leads toresidents leads to

lower income from taxeslower income from taxes greater need for servicesgreater need for services

Cities have either raise taxes or lower Cities have either raise taxes or lower services – which one usually services – which one usually happens??????????????happens??????????????

B) Services often go firstB) Services often go first

Examples:Examples: Close librariesClose libraries Less trash pick-upLess trash pick-up Fix pot-holes less oftenFix pot-holes less often Don’t update schoolsDon’t update schools

Leads to a cycle – causes more middle/upperclass to move to suburbs – cities geteven poorer because now these taxes leave!

C) No one wants to pay more C) No one wants to pay more taxes!taxes!

Cities often try to create moreCities often try to create more ““basic industries”basic industries” oror ““CBD development”CBD development” to draw in more businesses that will to draw in more businesses that will

pay taxes.pay taxes.

A LITTLE REVIEW!A LITTLE REVIEW!

A) Today, the largest intraregional A) Today, the largest intraregional migration in the United States is from migration in the United States is from _______to____________._______to____________.

B) People are making this move B) People are making this move because …because …

However, there are still “problems”associated with Suburbs.

13-4 13-4 Problems of SuburbsProblems of Suburbs

I. The Peripheral Model (North I. The Peripheral Model (North America only)America only)

A) Edge CitiesA) Edge Cities

WilliamsTown

City of Roopchand

SacoEstates

B) Density Gradient (pg 428 wb)B) Density Gradient (pg 428 wb)

Density declines as you move further Density declines as you move further from CBD (basic rule)from CBD (basic rule)

2 changes today:2 changes today:• 1- # living in CBD greatly decreased!1- # living in CBD greatly decreased!• 2- less difference in density in suburban 2- less difference in density in suburban

areas than used to beareas than used to be

C) Cost of Suburban SprawlC) Cost of Suburban Sprawl

pockets of development/pockets of pockets of development/pockets of open space cause: (USA)open space cause: (USA)• 1 – more expensive services (roads)1 – more expensive services (roads)• 2 – wastes land (agricultural)2 – wastes land (agricultural)• 3 – wastes energy (car needed more)3 – wastes energy (car needed more)

In Europe – sprawl is more controlled by “greenbelts” that surround manycities. (pg 429 wb)

II. Transportation and II. Transportation and SuburbanizationSuburbanization

A) Historically, city growth was A) Historically, city growth was limited because people had to ….limited because people had to ….

B) Today, It’s all about the ______!B) Today, It’s all about the ______!

B) Cars (con’t)B) Cars (con’t)

1) suburban explosion 1) suburban explosion 2) universal ownership in USA except2) universal ownership in USA except (95% of trips) (majority for???)(95% of trips) (majority for???) 3) interstates and cheap gas3) interstates and cheap gas 4) 25% of land in cities4) 25% of land in cities 5) MDC’s future (smart highways)5) MDC’s future (smart highways)

What City?What City?

I love Miami!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

C) Public Transportation(USA)C) Public Transportation(USA)

1 – Rush-hour Commuting 1 – Rush-hour Commuting 2 – Advantages of public transport:2 – Advantages of public transport:

• Because each traveler takes up less Because each traveler takes up less space –space –

• CheaperCheaper• Less pollutingLess polluting• Energy-EfficientEnergy-Efficient

3) Americans3) Americans

Will not give upWill not give up

Cars!Cars!

Why?

Consider….Consider….

Average American spends over 36 Average American spends over 36 hours a year sitting in traffic jams.hours a year sitting in traffic jams.

Yet public transportation has been reduced in theUnited States!

4) One Exception – “Rapid” Transit4) One Exception – “Rapid” Transit(Subways, trolley, light rail)(Subways, trolley, light rail)

These areThese are being being built in thebuilt in the US city US city most most infamousinfamous for trafficfor traffic jams?????jams?????

Los Angeles, CA

5) Inner-City/Suburban Connection5) Inner-City/Suburban Connection

D) Public Transportation D) Public Transportation (Europe/Japan)(Europe/Japan)

What City?? Berlin, Germany

The End!

What are these people doing anyway??