13-1. 13-2 chapter 13 statement of cash flows learning objectives after studying this chapter, you...

13-2

Chapter 13 Statement of Cash Flows

Learning Objectives

After studying this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Indicate the usefulness of the statement of cash flows.

2. Distinguish among operating, investing, and financing activities.

3. Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect method.

4. Analyze the statement of cash flows.

13-3

Preview of Chapter 13

Financial AccountingEighth Edition

Weygandt Kieso Kimmel

13-4 LO 1 Indicate the usefulness of the statement of cash flows.

Provides information to help assess:

1. Entity’s ability to generate future cash flows.

2. Entity’s ability to pay dividends and obligations.

3. Reasons for difference between net income and net cash

provided (used) by operating activities.

4. Cash investing and financing transactions during the period.

Usefulness of the Statement of Cash Flows

Usefulness and Format

13-5

Classification of Cash Flows

LO 2 Distinguish among operating, investing, and financing activities.

Income

Statement Items

Operating Activities

Changes in Investments and

Long-Term Asset Items

Investing Activities

Changes in Long-Term

Liabilities and Stockholders’

Equity

Financing Activities


13-6 LO 2 Distinguish among operating, investing, and financing activities.

Illustration 13-1 Typical receipt and payment classifications


Classification of Cash Flows



Classification of Cash Flows Illustration 13-1 Typical receipt and payment classifications

13-8

1. Direct issuance of common stock to purchase assets.

2. Conversion of bonds into common stock.

3. Direct issuance of debt to purchase assets.

4. Exchanges of plant assets.

Companies report noncash activities in either a

separate schedule (bottom of the statement) or

separate note to the financial statements.


Significant Noncash Activities


13-10

Order of Presentation:

1. Operating activities.

2. Investing activities.

3. Financing activities.

Direct Method

Indirect Method


Format of the Statement of Cash Flows



Illustration 13-2

Format of the Statement of Cash Flows

13-12

Illustration: Classify each of these transactions by type of cash flow activity.


1. Issued 100,000 shares of $5 par value common

stock for $800,000 cash.

2. Borrowed $200,000, signing a 5-year note bearing

8% interest.

3. Purchased two semi-trailer trucks for $170,000

cash.

4. Paid employees $12,000 for salaries and wages.

5. Collected $20,000 cash for services provided.

Financing

Financing

Investing

Operating

Operating

13-13

Three Sources of Information:

1. Comparative balance sheets

2. Current income statement

3. Additional information

Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows



13-14

Three Major Steps:Illustration 13-3




13-15

Three Major Steps:




Illustration 13-3

13-16

Three Major Steps:




Illustration 13-3

13-17

Companies favor the indirect

method for two reasons:

1. Easier and less costly to

prepare.

2. Focuses on differences

between net income and net

cash flow from operating

activities.

Indirect and Direct Methods



13-18 LO 3 Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect method.

Illustration – Indirect MethodIllustration 13-4



Illustration 13-4


13-20 LO 3

Additional information for 2014:1. Depreciation expense was comprised of $6,000 for building and $3,000 for equipment.2. The company sold equipment with a book value of $7,000 (cost $8,000, less

accumulated depreciation $1,000) for $4,000 cash.3. Issued $110,000 of long-term bonds in direct exchange for land.4. A building costing $120,000 was purchased for cash. Equipment costing $25,000 was

also purchased for cash.5. Issued common stock for $20,000 cash.6. The company declared and paid a $29,000 cash dividend.


Illustration 13-4

13-21

Step 1: Operating Activities

Determine net cash provided/used by operating activities by

converting net income from accrual basis to cash basis.

LO 3 Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect method.

Common adjustments to Net Income (Loss):

Add back non-cash expenses (depreciation, amortization,

or depletion expense).

Deduct gains and add losses.

Changes in noncash current asset and current liability

accounts.


13-22

Which is an example of a cash flow from an operating

activity?

a. Payment of cash to lenders for interest.

b. Receipt of cash from the sale of capital stock.

c. Payment of cash dividends to the company’s

stockholders.

d. None of the above.

Question



13-23

Depreciation Expense

Although depreciation expense reduces net income, it does

not reduce cash. The company must add it back to net

income.


Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income 145,000$

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash

provided by operating activities:

Depreciation expense 9,000

Net cash provided by operating activities 154,000$

Illustration 13-6


13-24

Loss on Disposal of Plant Assets

Companies report as a source of cash in the investing

activities section the actual amount of cash received from

the sale.

Any loss on sale is added to net income in the

operating section.

Any gain on sale is deducted from net income in the

operating section.





Net income 145,000$




Loss on disposal of plant assets 3,000


Illustration 13-7


Loss on Disposal of Plant Assets

13-26

Changes to Noncash Current Asset Accounts

When the Accounts Receivable balance decreases, cash receipts are higher than revenue earned under the accrual basis.


Company adds to net income the amount of the decrease in accounts receivable.

Accounts Receivable

1/1/014 Balance 30,000Sales revenue 507,000

Receipts from customers 517,000

12/31/14 Balance 20,000

Illustration 13-8




Net income 145,000$





Decrease in accounts receivable 10,000


Illustration 13-9



13-28

When the Inventory balance increases, the cost of merchandise purchased exceeds the cost of goods sold.



Inventory

1/1/14 Balance 10,000Purchases 155,000

Cost of goods sold 150,000

12/31/14 Balance 15,000

Cost of goods sold does not reflect cash payments made for merchandise. The company deducts from net income this inventory increase.




Net income 145,000$






Increase in inventory (5,000)




Illustration 13-9

13-30

When the Prepaid Expense balance increases, cash paid for

expenses is higher than expenses reported on an accrual

basis. The company deducts the decrease from net income

to arrive at net cash provided by operating activities.

If prepaid expenses decrease, reported expenses are higher

than the expenses paid.






Net income 145,000$







Increase in prepaid expenses (4,000)




Illustration 13-9

13-32

Changes to Noncash Current Liability Accounts

When Accounts Payable increases, the company received more

in goods than it actually paid for. The increase is added to net

income to determine net cash provided by operating activities.

When Income Tax Payable decreases, the income tax expense

reported on the income statement was less than the amount of

taxes paid during the period. The decrease is subtracted from

net income to determine net cash provided by operating activities.



13-33


Net income 145,000$







Increase in prepaid expenses (4,000)

Increase in accounts payable 16,000

Decrease in income taxes payable (2,000)


Illustration 13-10

Changes to Noncash Current Liability Accounts

LO 3


13-34LO 3

Illustration 13-11

Summary of Conversion to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities—Indirect Method


13-36

Company purchased land of $110,000 by issuing long-term

bonds. This is a significant noncash investing and financing

activity that merits disclosure in a separate schedule.


Land

1/1/14 Balance 20,000Issued bonds 110,000

12/31/14 Balance 130,000

Bonds Payable

1/1/14 Balance 20,000For land 110,000

12/31/14 Balance 130,000

Step 2: Investing and Financing Activities

13-37

Net cash provided by operating activities 172,000 Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of building (120,000) Purchase of equipment (25,000) Disposal of plant assets 4,000

Net cash used by investing activities (141,000) Cash flows from financing activities:

Issuance of common stock 20,000 Payment of cash dividends (29,000)

Net cash used by financing activities (9,000) Net increase in cash 22,000 Cash at beginning of period 33,000 Cash at end of period 55,000$

Disclosure: Issuance of bonds to purchase land 110,000$

Illustration 13-13Partial statement

LO 3


13-38

From the additional information, the company acquired an

office building for $120,000 cash. This is a cash outflow

reported in the investing section.


1/1/14 Balance 40,000Office building 120,000

12/31/14 Balance 160,000

Building


13-39







LO 3



13-40

The additional information explains that the equipment increase

resulted from two transactions: (1) a purchase of equipment of

$25,000, and (2) the sale for $4,000 of equipment costing $8,000.


1/1/14 Balance 10,000Purchase 25,000

12/31/14 Balance 27,000

Cost of equipment sold 8,000

Cash 4,000

Accumulated depreciation 1,000


Equipment 8,000

Journal Entry

Equipment


Illustration 13-12

13-41

Cash flows from operating activities:Net income 145,000$

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cashprovided by operating activities:

Depreciation expense 9,000 Loss on disposal of plant assets 3,000 Decrease in accounts receivable 10,000 Increase in inventory (5,000) Increase in prepaid expenses (4,000) Increase in accounts payable 16,000 Decrease in income taxes payable (2,000)






LO 3

Statement of Cash Flows

Illustration 13-13

Indirect Method

13-42

The increase in common stock resulted from the issuance of new shares.


1/1/14 Balance 50,000Shares sold 20,000

12/31/14 Balance 70,000

Common Stock


13-43








LO 3


13-44

Retained earnings increased $116,000 during the year. This increase can be explained by two factors: (1) Net income of $145,000 increased retained earnings, and (2) Dividends of $29,000 decreased retained earnings.


1/1/14 Balance 48,000Net income 145,000

12/31/14 Balance 164,000

Dividends 29,000

Retained Earnings


13-45

Which is an example of a cash flow from an investing activity?

a. Receipt of cash from the issuance of bonds payable.

b. Payment of cash to repurchase outstanding capital stock.

c. Receipt of cash from the sale of equipment.

d. Payment of cash to suppliers for inventory.

Question



13-46

Cash flows from operating activities:Net income 145,000$

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cashprovided by operating activities:

Depreciation expense 9,000 Loss on disposal of plant assets 3,000 Decrease in accounts receivable 10,000 Increase in inventory (5,000) Increase in prepaid expenses (4,000) Increase in accounts payable 16,000 Decrease in income taxes payable (2,000)






Illustration 13-13

LO 3

Indirect Method

Statement of Cash Flows

13-47

Compare the net change in cash on the Statement of Cash

Flows with the change in the cash account reported on the

Balance Sheet to make sure the amounts agree.


Step 3: Net Change in Cash

Illustration 13-4

13-49

Free Cash Flow

Free cash flow describes the cash remaining from operations

after adjustment for capital expenditures and dividends.

LO 4 Analyze the statement of cash flows.

Illustration 13-14

Using Cash Flows to Evaluate a Company

13-50

$19,037

Illustration 13-15

Less: Expenditures on property, plant, and equipment 3,119

Dividends paid 4,468

$11,450

Illustration

Required: Calculate Microsoft’s free cash flow.

Using Cash Flows to Evaluate a Company

LO 4 Analyze the statement of cash flows.

Cash provided by operating activities

Free cash flow

13-51

Using a Worksheet to Prepare the Statement of Cash Flows-Indirect Method

Illustration 13A-1

LO 5

APPENDIX 13A USING A WORKSHEET – INDIRECT METHOD

13-52

1. Enter in the balance sheet accounts section the balance

sheet accounts and their beginning and ending balances.

2. Enter in the reconciling columns of the worksheet the data

that explain the changes in the balance sheet accounts other

than cash and their effects on the statement of cash flows.

3. Enter on the cash line and at the bottom of the worksheet the

increase or decrease in cash. This entry should enable the

totals of the reconciling columns to be in agreement.

LO 5 Explain how to use a worksheet to prepare the statement of cash flows using the indirect method.

Preparing a Worksheet

APPENDIX 13A USING A WORKSHEET – INDIRECT METHOD

13-53

Using a Worksheet to Prepare the Statement of Cash Flows-Indirect Method

Illustration 13A-3Completed worksheet—indirect method

LO 5

APPENDIX 13A

13-54

1. Compute net cash provided by operating activities by

adjusting each item in the income statement from the

accrual basis to the cash basis.

2. Companies report only major classes of operating cash

receipts and cash payments.

3. For these major classes, the difference between cash

receipts and cash payments is the net cash provided by

operating activities.

Statement of Cash Flows-Direct Method

LO 6 Prepare a statement of cash flows using the direct method.

APPENDIX 13B STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS – DIRECT METHOD

13-55

Illustration 13B-2

LO 6



13-56

Illustration 13B-1


LO 6

13-57



Illustration 13B-1

13-58 LO 6 Prepare a statement of cash flows using the direct method.


Illustration 13B-1

Additional information for 2014:1. Depreciation expense was comprised of $6,000 for building and $3,000 for equipment.2. The company sold equipment with a book value of $7,000 (cost $8,000, less accumulated depreciation $1,000) for

$4,000 cash.3. Issued $110,000 of long-term bonds in direct exchange for land.4. A building costing $120,000 was purchased for cash. Equipment costing $25,000 was also purchased for cash.5. Issued common stock for $20,000 cash.6. The company declared and paid a $29,000 cash dividend.

13-59

Illustration 13B-4

Cash Receipts from Customers


For Computer Services Company, accounts receivable decreased $10,000.

Illustration 13B-5


13-60

Illustration 13B-6

Cash Payments to Suppliers

Illustration 13B-9

Illustration 13B-7



In 2014, Computer Services Company’s inventory increased $5,000 and cash payments to suppliers were $139,000.

13-61

Illustration 13B-10

Cash Payments for Operating Expenses

Cash payments for operating expenses were $115,000.

Illustration 13B-11



13-62

Cash Payments for Income Taxes

Cash payments for income taxes were $49,000.



Illustration 13B-12

Illustration 13B-13

13-63

Increase in Equipment. (1) Computer Services purchased for

cash equipment costing $25,000. And (2) it sold for $4,000 cash

equipment costing $8,000, whose book value was $7,000.




Illustration 13B-15

13-64

Increase in Land. Computer Services purchased land of $110,000 by directly exchanging bonds for land.

Significant noncashinvesting and financing

transaction.

Increase in Bonds Payable. Bonds Payable increased $110,000. The additional information indicated that Computer Services issued $110,000 of long-term bonds in direct exchange for land.




Significant noncashinvesting and financing

transaction.

13-65

Increase in Common Stock. The Common Stock account increased $20,000. The additional information indicated that Computer Services issued common stock for cash.

Increase in Retained Earnings. The $116,000 net increase in Retained Earnings resulted from net income of $145,000 and the declaration and payment of a cash dividendof $29,000.

Financing activity (cash dividend).

Financing activity.




13-66


Illustration 13B-16


13-67

Compare the net change in cash on the Statement of Cash Flows

with the change in the cash account reported on the Balance

Sheet to make sure the amounts agree.Illustration 13B-1

Step 3: Net Change in Cash



13-68

APPENDIX 13C T-ACCOUNT APPROACH

What this means is that the change in cash is equal to the

change in all of the other balance sheet accounts.

Another way to think about this is that if we analyze the

changes in all of the noncash balance sheet accounts, we will

explain the change in the cash account.

13-69

Illustration 13C-1

APPENDIX 13C

13-70

Companies preparing financial statements under IFRS must prepare

a statement of cash flows as an integral part of the financial

statements.

Both IFRS and GAAP require that the statement of cash flows

should have three major sections—operating, investing, and

financing—along with changes in cash and cash equivalents.

Similar to GAAP, the cash flow statement can be prepared using

either the indirect or direct method under IFRS. In both U.S. and

international settings, companies choose for the most part to use the

indirect method for reporting net cash flows from operating activities.

Key Points

13-71

The definition of cash equivalents used in IFRS is similar to that

used in GAAP. A major difference is that in certain situations, bank

overdrafts are considered part of cash and cash equivalents under

IFRS (which is not the case in GAAP). Under GAAP, bank overdrafts

are classified as financing activities in the statement of cash flows

and are reported as liabilities on the balance sheet.

Key Points

13-72

IFRS requires that noncash investing and financing activities be

excluded from the statement of cash flows. Instead, these noncash

activities should be reported elsewhere. This requirement is

interpreted to mean that noncash investing and financing activities

should be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements instead

of in the financial statements. Under GAAP, companies may present

this information on the face of the cash flow statement.

Key Points

13-73

One area where there can be substantial differences between IFRS

and GAAP relates to the classification of interest, dividends, and

taxes. The following table indicates the differences between the two

approaches.

Key Points

13-74

Under IFRS, some companies present the operating section in a

single line item, with a full reconciliation provided in the notes to the

financial statements. This presentation is not seen under GAAP.

Similar to GAAP, under IFRS companies must disclose the amount

of taxes and interest paid. Under GAAP, companies disclose this in

the notes to the financial statements. Under IFRS, some companies

disclose this information in the notes, but others provide individual

line items on the face of the statement.

Key Points

13-75

FASB and the IASB are involved in a joint project on the presentation

and organization of information in the financial statements. One

interesting approach is that the income statement and balance sheet

would adopt headings similar to those of the statement of cash flows.

That is, the income statement and balance sheet would be broken into

operating, investing, and financing sections. In addition, the FASB

favors presentation of operating cash flows using the direct method only.

However, the majority of IASB members express a preference for not

requiring use of the direct method of reporting operating cash flows. The

two Boards will have to resolve their differences in this area in order to

issue a converged standard for the statement of cash flows.

Looking to the Future

13-76

Under IFRS, interest paid can be reported as:

a) only a financing element.

b) a financing element or an investing element.

c) a financing element or an operating element.

d) only an operating element.

IFRS Self-Test Questions

13-77

IFRS requires that noncash items:

a) be reported in the section to which they relate, that is, a

noncash investing activity would be reported in the

investing section.

b) be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.

c) do not need to be reported.

d) be treated in a fashion similar to cash equivalents.


13-78

In the future, it appears likely that:

a) the income statement and balance sheet will have headings of

operating, investing, and financing, much like the statement of

cash flows.

b) cash and cash equivalents will be combined in a single line

item.

c) the IASB will not allow companies to use the direct approach

to the statement of cash flows.

d) None of the above.


13-79

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