Concrete Canvas Tiny House

Marius Lazauskas

Final Colloquium

Research QuestionOriginsOn-site ConstructionPrefabrication

Digital manufacturingCNC MachiningAdditive Layer Manufacturing

Pneumatic Structures Air Supported Pneumatic StructureAirInflatedPneumaticStructure

Textile Reinforced Concrete2D Textile3D TextileConcrete CanvasConcrete Canvas WeldingConcrete Canvas RigidityConcrete Canvas Colour

Initial ConceptsConcrete Canvas SpheresSkeleton CC FillingsContainer CC Lofts

Tiny HouseWhat is a Tiny House?

SpaceboxHeijmans ONEFlexotel

Design ConceptTarget GroupLocationsLocation NRE TerreinNRE Terrein FlowsNRE Terrein PanoramasSituation PlanCCTH NRE Terrein PanoramasCCTH NRE Terrein FacilitiesCC Tiny House TypesSwinging WallsPneumatic SimulationsType 1 Ground FloorType 1 First FloorType 1 SectionType 1 ElevationsType 1 CutoutsType 1 Cost EstimateType 2 Ground FloorType 2 SectionType 2 ElevationsType 2 CutoutsType 2 ImpressionType 3 Ground Floor

Overview

Overview

Type 3 SectionType 3 ElevationsType 3 CutoutsType 3 ImpressionDetails

Scale ModelsType 1 CC Tiny House Test 1:20Type 3 CC Tiny House Test 1:10 InflatableType3CCTinyHouse1:10Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10CC Slab Detail

Final ThoughtsAcknowledgements

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Research Question

Can Digital fabrication of Pneumatically formed Rigidised Buildings be the next step in the evolution of buildings and construction practices?

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Controlled environment Limited customization Economy of Scale Fast on-site assembly Complex Labour and time intensive

Origins

Logistical nightmare Lack of automation Extremely labour intensive Prone to defects Financial burden

Prefabrication

On-site Construction

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Digital manufacturing

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Additive Layer Manufacturing

CNC Machining

Digital manufacturing

Machines twice the building size Partial 3D printing same as Prefab Not Field Tested On-Site Construction Compact Materials Highly Customisable Highly Automated Needs Economies of Scale

Only Partially Automated Time & Labour Intensive Not Field Tested Complex Assembly Proved on Small Scale Off-the-shelf Machinery Off-the-shelf Materials

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Digital manufacturing

Additive Layer Manufacturing

CNC Machining Shotgun House (Plywood) Proof of Concept Shed (Plywood)

Chinese 3D Printed Houses (Concrete) 3D Canal House (Plastic) 3D Printed Sculptures (Concrete)

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Pneumatic Structures

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Pneumatic Structures

AirInflatedPneumaticStructure

Air Supported Pneumatic Structure Single layer membrane Requires airlocks Constantinflation

Air contained within the membrane Structural component: beam, column No airlocks Periodicinflation Puncture Resistant

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Pneumatic Structures

AirInflatedPneumaticStructure

Air Supported Pneumatic Structure The Dome, Anchorage Tokyo Dome, Tokyo U.S. Pavilion, Osaka

Fuji Pavilion, Osaka Atoms for Peace Pavilion, Birdair Airtecture, Esslingen

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Textile Reinforced Concrete

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Textile Reinforced Concrete

2D Textile

3D Textile

Fabric without internal structure Hydrated Cement Reinforcement

2 layers of 2D Fabric and Z Thread Dry Cement Matrix contained within One side airtight

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Textile Reinforced Concrete

Concrete Canvas 3D type of Textile Reinforced Cement Sets in 24 hours Airtight Pneumatically formed CC Shelter Compact Size

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Textile Reinforced Concrete

Concrete Canvas Welding Potential for Automation Strong and Airtight Seal Fast setting Moldable together with the Canvas Additional Structural Rigidity Bead

TM

Concrete Impregnated Fabric...

Water Proof Rating : Mechanical Strength :

CC5 and CC8 can be sealed by thermally welding the PVC faces together. The recommended method will enable one man to weld joints at a rate of 6m/minute.

The following equipment is required: TWINNY S or T Thermal Welding Machine Safety Gloves Mask

To thermally weld a waterproof seal between two sheets of CC:

1. Place the adjacent sheets with the PVC side down and overlapping by a minimum of 100mm

2. Lift the overlapped sections of the sheets so that the PVCfaces are touching, forming a prayer joint. The size of the overlap may need to be increased temporarily during welding to allow access for the welder.

3. Place the hot air nozzle of the machine between the two sheets, and adjust the speed and temperature, depending on ambient temperature. (Recommended starting settings: Speed = 2 Heat = 4.5

4. Start the automatic welding, adjusting as required to keep the welder on track. Handheld equipment may be helpful to seal complex areas.

5. Once all the joints are sealed and the CC has been hydrated, fold one side of the jointed section over and weigh it down until the Canvas has set. (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.)

Wear heavy gloves and a mask as the PVC will be hot and will give off fumes. Only seal Concrete Canvas in a well ventilated area.

Concrete Canvas Thermal Welding

Fig.1

Fig.5: Finished joint

Fig.4: Thermally welded joints weighted down after hydration

Fig.2: Detail showing TWINNY thermal welder in use on joint

Textile Face

Textile Face

Textile FacePVC Face

Fig. 3: Diagram of a finished joint

TM

Concrete Impregnated Fabric... Concrete Canvas Ltd. 2013

Please note: As each customers use of our product may be different, information we provide, including without limitation recommendations, test results, samples, care/labelling/processing instructions or marketing advice, is provided in good faith but without warranty and without accepting any responsibility/liability. Each customer must test and be responsible for its own specific use, further processing, labelling, marketing etc. All sales are exclusively subject to our standard terms of sale document, available at www.concretecanvas.com, (all additional/different terms are rejected) unless explicitly agreed otherwise in a signed writing.

TM

Concrete Impregnated Fabric...

Water Proof Rating : Mechanical Strength :

CC5 and CC8 can be sealed by thermally welding the PVC faces together. The recommended method will enable one man to weld joints at a rate of 6m/minute.

The following equipment is required: TWINNY S or T Thermal Welding Machine Safety Gloves Mask

To thermally weld a waterproof seal between two sheets of CC:

1. Place the adjacent sheets with the PVC side down and overlapping by a minimum of 100mm

2. Lift the overlapped sections of the sheets so that the PVCfaces are touching, forming a prayer joint. The size of the overlap may need to be increased temporarily during welding to allow access for the welder.

3. Place the hot air nozzle of the machine between the two sheets, and adjust the speed and temperature, depending on ambient temperature. (Recommended starting settings: Speed = 2 Heat = 4.5

4. Start the automatic welding, adjusting as required to keep the welder on track. Handheld equipment may be helpful to seal complex areas.

5. Once all the joints are sealed and the CC has been hydrated, fold one side of the jointed section over and weigh it down until the Canvas has set. (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.)

Wear heavy gloves and a mask as the PVC will be hot and will give off fumes. Only seal Concrete Canvas in a well ventilated area.

Concrete Canvas Thermal Welding

Fig.1

Fig.5: Finished joint

Fig.4: Thermally welded joints weighted down after hydration

Fig.2: Detail showing TWINNY thermal welder in use on joint

Textile Face

Textile Face

Textile Face PVC Face

Fig. 3: Diagram of a finished joint

TM

Concrete Impregnated Fabric... Concrete Canvas Ltd. 2013

Please note: As each customers use of our product may be different, information we provide, including without limitation recommendations, test results, samples, care/labelling/processing instructions or marketing advice, is provided in good faith but without warranty and without accepting any responsibility/liability. Each customer must test and be responsible for its own specific use, further processing, labelling, marketing etc. All sales are exclusively subject to our standard terms of sale document, available at www.concretecanvas.com, (all additional/different terms are rejected) unless explicitly agreed otherwise in a signed writing.

TM

Concrete Impregnated Fabric...

Water Proof Rating : Mechanical Strength :

CC5 and CC8 can be sealed by thermally welding the PVC faces together. The recommended method will enable one man to weld joints at a rate of 6m/minute.

The following equipment is required: TWINNY S or T Thermal Welding Machine Safety Gloves Mask

To thermally weld a waterproof seal between two sheets of CC:

1. Place the adjacent sheets with the PVC side down and overlapping by a minimum of 100mm

2. Lift the overlapped sections of the sheets so that the PVCfaces are touching, forming a prayer joint. The size of the overlap may need to be increased temporarily during welding to allow access for the welder.

3. Place the hot air nozzle of the machine between the two sheets, and adjust the speed and temperature, depending on ambient temperature. (Recommended starting settings: Speed = 2 Heat = 4.5

4. Start the automatic welding, adjusting as required to keep the welder on track. Handheld equipment may be helpful to seal complex areas.

5. Once all the joints are sealed and the CC has been hydrated, fold one side of the jointed section over and weigh it down until the Canvas has set. (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.)

Wear heavy gloves and a mask as the PVC will be hot and will give off fumes. Only seal Concrete Canvas in a well ventilated area.

Concrete Canvas Thermal Welding

Fig.1

Fig.5: Finished joint

Fig.4: Thermally welded joints weighted down after hydration

Fig.2: Detail showing TWINNY thermal welder in use on joint

Textile Face

Textile Face

Textile Face PVC Face

Fig. 3: Diagram of a finished joint

TM

Concrete Impregnated Fabric... Concrete Canvas Ltd. 2013

Please note: As each customers use of our product may be different, information we provide, including without limitation recommendations, test results, samples, care/labelling/processing instructions or marketing advice, is provided in good faith but without warranty and without accepting any responsibility/liability. Each customer must test and be responsible for its own specific use, further processing, labelling, marketing etc. All sales are exclusively subject to our standard terms of sale document, available at www.concretecanvas.com, (all additional/different terms are rejected) unless explicitly agreed otherwise in a signed writing.

TM

Concrete Impregnated Fabric...

Water Proof Rating : Mechanical Strength :

CC5 and CC8 can be sealed by thermally welding the PVC faces together. The recommended method will enable one man to weld joints at a rate of 6m/minute.

The following equipment is required: TWINNY S or T Thermal Welding Machine Safety Gloves Mask

To thermally weld a waterproof seal between two sheets of CC:

1. Place the adjacent sheets with the PVC side down and overlapping by a minimum of 100mm

2. Lift the overlapped sections of the sheets so that the PVCfaces are touching, forming a prayer joint. The size of the overlap may need to be increased temporarily during welding to allow access for the welder.

3. Place the hot air nozzle of the machine between the two sheets, and adjust the speed and temperature, depending on ambient temperature. (Recommended starting settings: Speed = 2 Heat = 4.5

4. Start the automatic welding, adjusting as required to keep the welder on track. Handheld equipment may be helpful to seal complex areas.

5. Once all the joints are sealed and the CC has been hydrated, fold one side of the jointed section over and weigh it down until the Canvas has set. (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.)

Wear heavy gloves and a mask as the PVC will be hot and will give off fumes. Only seal Concrete Canvas in a well ventilated area.

Concrete Canvas Thermal Welding

Fig.1

Fig.5: Finished joint

Fig.4: Thermally welded joints weighted down after hydration

Fig.2: Detail showing TWINNY thermal welder in use on joint

Textile Face

Textile Face

Textile Face PVC Face

Fig. 3: Diagram of a finished joint

TM

Concrete Impregnated Fabric... Concrete Canvas Ltd. 2013

Please note: As each customers use of our product may be different, information we provide, including without limitation recommendations, test results, samples, care/labelling/processing instructions or marketing advice, is provided in good faith but without warranty and without accepting any responsibility/liability. Each customer must test and be responsible for its own specific use, further processing, labelling, marketing etc. All sales are exclusively subject to our standard terms of sale document, available at www.concretecanvas.com, (all additional/different terms are rejected) unless explicitly agreed otherwise in a signed writing.

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Textile Reinforced Concrete

Concrete Canvas Rigidity

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Textile Reinforced Concrete

Concrete Canvas Colour

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Initial Concepts

Concrete Canvas Spheres Buoyant Spherical Structures Land not required Plenty of water bodies Pneumatics and Spheres Self Hydrating CC Seam Water-tightness Lack of Infrastructure

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Initial Concepts

Skeleton CC Fillings InflatableCCFilling Officebuildingreuse Easyfitting Available infrastructure

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Initial Concepts

Container CC Lofts Hybrid structure Solid Container base CC Loft/Attic/Roof Fast installation Rain not an issue

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Tiny House

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Tiny House

Social movement of downsizing the living space Typical Tiny house is around 10-40 m2 Comes in all shapes, sizes and forms Focusesonsmallerspacesandsimplifiedliving Not everything is big in America

What is a Tiny House?

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Tiny House

Interview with Mart de Jong Designed for Transportability 3 m width Designed for Disassembly lifespan ~50 years Use of Yacht Industrys know how 8 cm walls Light (2 t/unit) no need for foundation SmartMaterialusagebenefitingthedesign Economy of Scale allows revisions Bedroom, kitchenette, shower/WC

Spacebox

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Tiny House

Area 45 m2 Designed for Transportability 3,5 m width Designed for Disassembly splits in half Light no need for foundation For use in Derelict sites High Quality on Cheap Land 700/month Kitchen, shower/WC, living room, bedroom and

an outdoor patio

Heijmans ONE

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Tiny House

Temporary accommodation for outdoor events Single bedroom with 2 beds Designed for Transportability 2,4 m width Designed for Disassembly folds Room area 6,8 m2; Unit area 14,4 m2 Light (1,3 t/unit) no need for foundation 10units(or20Flexotelrooms)fitononelorry

Flexotel

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Design Concept

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Design Concept

Target Group Not-Quite Generation Common interests Temporary accommodation demand Temporary location Upscaling in the future

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Design Concept

Locations

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Design Concept

Locations Inner Ring

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Design Concept

Location NRE Terrein Hard surface Plenty of Space Infrastructure available Residential area Creative community

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Design Concept

NRE Terrein Flows

Fifth NRE Access

Designer Workshops

Vehicle flows

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Design Concept

NRE Terrein Panoramas

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Design Concept

Situation Plan 3 Types of CC Tiny Houses Increased interaction 10 ft storage Containers Outdoor Europalette furniture Greenery in FIBCs

Type 1 CC Tiny House

10 ft storage container

Type 2 CC Tiny House

Bulk Bag Vegetation

Type 2 CC Tiny House

Bicycle Repair Stand

Europalette Furniture

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Design Concept

CCTH NRE Terrein Panoramas

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Design Concept

CCTH NRE Terrein Facilities

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Design Concept

Use CC materials advantages Make it fold From 18 m2 to 40 m2 Digital Manufacturing Highly customisable Pre-inflationfootprint3x6x1,5m Smallerspacessimplifiedliving Maximum Utilization of Land

CC Tiny House Types3 m

6 m

Type 1

Type 2

Type 3

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Design Concept

Swinging Walls Broad Sustainable Buildings Snap-in Columns Samemethodswallfixing Ground Plate hinged walls

U Profile

Tab HoleTab

Hinge

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Design Concept

Pneumatic Simulations Pneumatic shape - Karamba 3D 3D model Development - 3DS Max Drafting - AutoCAD Karamba 3D provides framework Post Processing with other CAD

0

5

15

1

10

20

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Design Concept

Type 1 Ground Floor Toilet & Shower Kitchen & Dinning table Lounge area with projector Air Heat Pump stair corner

Section

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Design Concept

Type 1 First Floor Two person bed Closet PC Desk

Section

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Design Concept

Type 1 Section

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Design Concept

Type 1 Elevations East North South West

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Design Concept

Type 1 Cutouts

Seam Folding Lines Opening Cut Lines

Seam Folding Lines Ground Plate FoldGround Plate Fold Pre-installed Window

Pre-installed Window

Pre-installed Door

Inner Cutout East-West

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Design Concept

Type 1 Cutouts Inner Cutout North

Ground Plate FoldOpening Cut Lines

Seam Folding Lines

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Design Concept

Type 1 Cutouts Inner Cutout South

Seam Folding LinesOpening Cut Lines

Ground Plate Fold Opening Cut Lines

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Design Concept

Type 1 Cutouts Inner Cutout Ground Sheet

CC13Inner Shell Fold

Plastic Sheet Edges

Plastic Sheet Edges

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Design Concept

Type 1 Impression

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Design Concept

Type 1 Cost Estimate

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Design Concept

Type 2 Ground Floor Toilet & Shower Kitchen & Dinning table Lounge area with projector Air Heat Pump corner Two person bed Closet

Secti

on

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Design Concept

Type 2 Section

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Design Concept

Type 2 Elevations North-East North-West South-East South-West

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Design Concept

Type 2 Cutouts Inner Cutout North-West

Pre-installed Door

Ground Plate Fold

Seam Folding Lines

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Design Concept

Type 2 Cutouts Inner Cutout North-East South-West

Ground Plate Fold

Seam Folding LinesOpening Cut LinesGround Plate Fold

Opening Cut Lines

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Design Concept

Type 2 Cutouts Inner Cutout South-West

Ground Plate Fold

Seam Folding LinesOpening Cut Lines

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Design Concept

Type 2 Cutouts Inner Cutout South-East North-West

Opening Cut Lines

Seam Folding Lines Ground Plate Fold

Ground Plate Fold

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Design Concept

Type 2 Cutouts Inner Cutout Ground Sheet

CC13Inner Shell Fold

Plastic Sheet Edges

Plastic Sheet Edges

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Design Concept

Type 2 Impression

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Design Concept

Type 3 Ground Floor Toilet & Shower Kitchen & Dinning table Lounge area with projector Air Heat Pump corner Two person bed Closet

Section

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Design Concept

Type 3 Section

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Design Concept

Type 3 Elevations North-East North-West South-East South-West

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Design Concept

Type 3 Cutouts Inner Cutout North-West

Seam Folding Lines

Ground Plate Fold

Opening Cut Lines

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Design Concept

Type 3 Cutouts Inner Cutout North-East

Seam Folding Lines

Ground Plate FoldOpening Cut Lines Opening Cut Lines

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Design Concept

Type 3 Cutouts Inner Cutout South-West

Seam Folding Lines

Ground Plate FoldOpening Cut Lines

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Design Concept

Type 3 Cutouts Inner Cutout South-East

Seam Folding Lines

Ground Plate Fold

Opening Cut Lines

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Design Concept

Type 3 Cutouts Inner Cutout Ground Sheet

Inner Shell Fold

CC13

250 mm Plastic Sheet edges

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Design Concept

Type 3 Impression

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Design Concept

Details Inner Shell Joint Ground Sheet Joint Outer Shell Joint

Cavity Side Stitches

Thermal WeldCC8

CC8 Thermal Weld

StitchesCavity Side

CC13 Seam Floor Surface Side

250 mm Plastic Sheet

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Design Concept

Details Swing Wall - CC Shell (Plan) Ground Plate - Swing Wall (Section)

Europalette

Steel U Profile

Steel U Profile

Hydroisolation Plywood 25 mm

Insulation 120 mm

Insulation 82 mm

Plywood 15 mm

CC13

Fastener

Bracket

U Profile

Tab Hole

Air Gap

Tab

CC8

Hinge

Plywood 18 mm

Insulation 32 mm

CC8

Insulation 200 mm

Hydroisolation

Insulation Foam 200 mm

Hydroisolation HydroisolationPlywood 18 mm CC8Insulation 32 mm Insulation 200 mm

BracketAir Gap

Tab

CC8

Insulation Foam 200 mm

U Steel Profile

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Design Concept

Details Swing Wall to CC Shell (Long Section) Ground Plate - CC Shell (Cross Section)

Hydroisolation HydroisolationPlywood 18 mm CC8Insulation 32 mm Insulation 200 mm

Bracket

U Profile

Air GapCC8

Insulation Foam 200 mm

Europalette

Fastener

Steel U Profile

Hydroisolation Plywood 25 mm

Insulation 120 mm

Insulation 82 mm

Plywood 15 mm

CC13

Insulation Foam 200 mm

HydroisolationAir Gap

CC8

CC8

Hydroisolation

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Design Concept

Details CC Cavity Wall - CC Slab (Cross Section) Swing Wall - CC Slab (Long Section)

CC8Textile Rivet

CC8

CC13Corrugated CC8Textile Rivet

CC8HydroisolationHydroisolationAir Gap

Insulation Foam 200 mm CC8

CC8

Thermal Weld

CC8

CC13

CC13

Thermal Weld

Textile Rivet

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Design Concept

Details CC Slab - CC Stairs (Long Section) CC Cavity Wall - CC Stairs (Cross Section)

CC8

CC13

Textile Rivet

Textile RivetThermal Weld

CC8

CC8

CC13 CC8

Framework

Thermal Weld

Textile Rivet CC8

CC8 Textile Rivet

CC13 Textile RivetThermal Weld

CC8 HydroisolationHydroisolation Air Gap

Insulation Foam 200 mm CC8

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Design Concept

Details CC Cavity Wall Openings

Hydro-isolation

Window FrameExterior Windowsill

Glass Panel

Fastener

Air Gap

Window

Window

Pressure Plate

CC8

Window Frame

Hydro-isolation

Glued Wood PlankInsulation Foam 200 mm

Glued Wood PlankFastener

Pressure Plate

Windowsill

Hydro-isolationAir Gap

CC8

Air GapFastenerHydro-isolationPressure Plate Exterior Windowsill

CC8Laminated Timber

Hydro-isolation

Laminated TimberWindow FrameGlass PanelWindow

Insulation Foam 200 mmFastener

WindowsillCC8

Pressure Plate

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Scale Models

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Scale Models

Type 1 CC Tiny House Test 1:20

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Scale Models

Type 3 CC Tiny House Test 1:10

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Scale Models

InflatableType3CCTinyHouse1:10

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Scale Models

InflatableType3CCTinyHouse1:10

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Scale Models

InflatableType3CCTinyHouse1:10

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Scale Models

InflatableType3CCTinyHouse1:10

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Scale Models

InflatableType3CCTinyHouse1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10

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Scale Models

CC Slab Detail

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Scale Models

CC Slab Detail

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Scale Models

CC Slab Detail

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Scale Models

CC Slab Detail

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Scale Models

CC Slab Detail

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Scale Models

CC Slab Detail

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Scale Models

CC Slab Detail

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Final Thoughts

What was achieved: Digital Manufacturing techniques were use to develop Pneumatically Rigidised CCTHs Mart de Jong Interview provided insight into Dutch Tiny House market Investigated Textile Reinforced Concrete - Concrete Canvas 3 Types of CC Tiny Houses were developed CC Tiny Houses feasibility was analysed CC Tiny House Scale Models were made Proof-of-concept for Digital fabrication of Pneumatically formed Rigidised Buildings

Further research: Structural evaluation of the proposed CCTH designs Automated cutout extraction from digital 3D models DigitalManufacturingworkflowforConcreteCanvasShellfabrication

Page 98/9813-07-2015Concrete Canvas Tiny Houses Final Colloquium

Acknowledgements

Altena Inframaterialen for providing a Batch Roll of CC5 without additional shipping costs;

Mart de Jong for sharing his experience regarding Spaceboxes and Tiny Houses; Tom Veeger for stepping in to become 3rd graduation supervisory committee member in

short notice. Graduation supervisory committee members for being patient with sometimes seemingly

slow progress.

Research QuestionOriginsOn-site ConstructionPrefabrication

Digital manufacturingCNC MachiningAdditive Layer Manufacturing

Pneumatic Structures Air Supported Pneumatic StructureAir Inflated Pneumatic Structure

Textile Reinforced Concrete2D Textile3D TextileConcrete CanvasConcrete Canvas WeldingConcrete Canvas RigidityConcrete Canvas Colour

Initial ConceptsConcrete Canvas SpheresSkeleton CC FillingsContainer CC Lofts

Tiny HouseWhat is a Tiny House?SpaceboxHeijmans ONEFlexotel

Design ConceptTarget GroupLocationsLocation NRE TerreinNRE Terrein FlowsNRE Terrein PanoramasSituation PlanCCTH NRE Terrein PanoramasCCTH NRE Terrein FacilitiesCC Tiny House TypesSwinging WallsPneumatic SimulationsType 1 Ground FloorType 1 First FloorType 1 SectionType 1 ElevationsType 1 CutoutsType 1 Cost EstimateType 2 Ground FloorType 2 SectionType 2 ElevationsType 2 CutoutsType 2 ImpressionType 3 Ground FloorType 3 SectionType 3 ElevationsType 3 CutoutsType 3 ImpressionDetails

Scale ModelsType 1 CC Tiny House Test 1:20Type 3 CC Tiny House Test 1:10Inflatable Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10Rigid Type 3 CC Tiny House 1:10CC Slab Detail

Final ThoughtsAcknowledgements