12th january.passive voice

8/3/2019 12th January.passive Voice

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JuanJuan FcoFco BlesaBlesa


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The passive sentenceThe passive sentenceACTIVEVOICEACTIVEVOICE

Active

Subject

Active

Verb

Direct

Object

Robert gave a coina coin

by

Passive

Verb

Passive

Subject

Agent

PASSIVEVOICEPASSIVEVOICE

was given by


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SubjectSubject: Person or object that suffered/

enjoyed theresults of an action. (Persona u objeto que sufre o disfruta los resultados deuna accin.

The verb "to beto be" in the tense the action ocurred. (Elverbo to be en el tiempo que ocurri la accin.)

The Past ParticiplePast Participle of the verb that represents theaction itself. (El participio de pasado del verbo que representa la accin.)

Whatever complementscomplements that verb needs. (Los complementosque el verbo necesite.)

In a few special cases we can also use byby + the agentagent.(En algunos casos usaremos el complemento agente introducido por la preposicin by)

We can only have passive sentences from transitiveverbs, never with intransitive verbs. (Solo podemos hacer oracionespasivas de verbos transitivos y nunca de verbos intransitivos)

Structure of the sentenceStructure of the sentence


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Structure of the verbStructure of the verb

TENSES EXAMPLES

Present Simple Pigs are often used to find truffles

Present Continuous My house is being redecorated at the moment

Present Perfect I have never been given flowers on my birthday

Past Simple This picture was painted by Picasso

Past Continuous When I saw him he was being followed by the

police

Past Perfect She was angry because she had already been told

three times

Future Simple When you get there everything will be finished

Going to - Future They are not going to be easily convinced

Conditional Simple You would be punished if they found out

Conditional Perfect If you hadnt told them would I have been invited?


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to BEBE gives us the tense of the action(be en eltiempo de la accin)

the principal verb is always in Past ParticiplePast Participle (El(El verboverboprincipal no loprincipal no lo encontraremosencontraremos siempresiempre enen pasadopasado dede participioparticipio))

THE PASSIVEVERBTHE PASSIVEVERBto BE (in the active tense) + Past Participle (main verb)to BE (in the active tense) + Past Participle (main verb)

ACTIVE PASSIVE

Shewants an ice-cream An ice-cream is wanted

He sent a letter A letterwas sent

Wewill buy a new car next week A new carwill be bought

Theyhave been cutting the grass The grasshas been being cut


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Highlight the action more than the subject who makesthe action.

Resaltar la accin ms que al sujeto que la realiza.

They built this house in 1944. / This house was built in 1944.

When the agent is unknown or we dont want to

mention it.

Cuando el sujeto que realiza la accin es obvio, o desconocido, o no

se lo quiere nombrar.

Spanish "SE" :

Se venden pisos: Flats are sold

Spanish "Ellos/as" omitted :

Le dieron un beso a Pepita: Pepita was given a kiss

When do we use it?When do we use it?


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To make the object of the active verb more important Para hacer el objeto del verbo activo ms importante.

Am

erica was discovered in 1492 by ChristopherColumbus

When the description of the agent is very long Cuando la descripcin del agente es muy larga.

A charity record has been made bymany famous names in theworld of pop music.

When do we use it?When do we use it?


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The passive sentenceThe passive sentence

ACTIVEVOICEACTIVEVOICE

Active

Subject

Active

Verb

Direct

Object

Indirect

Object

Robert gave a coin TomTomto

by

Direct

Object

Passive

Verb

Passive

Subject

Agent

PASSIVEVOICEPASSIVEVOICE

was given by


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Si una oracin tiene dos complementos, ponemos como sujeto el primer

complemento que vaya detrs del verbo en activa, sea el directo o elindirecto.

They will send some books to Pam / Some bookswill be sent toPam.

They will send Pam some books. / Pamwill be sent some books.

Si el complemento indirecto es un pronombre, hay que cambiarlo a laforma de sujeto.

- She showed me her new house- Iwas shown her new house.

- Esta pasiva se suele utilizar con los verbos ask, give, lend, pay, offer,promise, sell, send, showy tell, que llevan el doble complemento:directo e indirecto.

Direct and Indirect Objects


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1/They built this housethis house in 14662/ This houseThis house was builtwas built in 1466

1/ Channel islanders speak French & EnglishFrench & English

2/ French & EnglishFrench & English are spokenare spoken by Channel

islanders

1/ This book will change your lifeyour life

2/ Your lifeYour life will be changedwill be changed by this book

ExamplesExamples


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1/ They have cut the grassthe grass2/ The grassThe grass has been cuthas been cut

1/ My mother is going to give meme a present

2/ IIam going to be givenam going to be given a present by my mother

1/ Susan wrote an e-mail to himto him

1/ He was writtenwas written an e-mail by Susan

ExamplesExamples


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1/ They cant answer your questionyour question2/ Your questionYour question cant be answeredcant be answered

1

/ Someoneh

ad to takeh

erh

er toh

ospital after th

is2/ She had to be takenhad to be taken to hospital after the crash

1/ They shouldnt allow the childrenthe children to do these things

2/ The childrenThe children shouldnt be allowedshouldnt be allowed to do these things

1/1/ SomeoneSomeone must tellmust tell himhim ifwe want him to knowifwe want him to know

2/2/ HeHe must be toldmust be told ifwe want him to know

More examplesMore examples


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HAVE/ GETsomethingsomething done: Arranging for orpaying for somebody to do something for you.

(Get is more informal). (Esta estructura tiene un sentido pasivo, puesel nombre que va en medio recibe la accin

del verbo que va en participio)

They cut his hair

He hadhis hairhis haircut

They cleaned her carpet

She gother carpether carpetcleanedThey has mended our car.

We have hadour carour carmended

They translated their book.

They had gottheir booktheir booktranslated

More passive stuffMore passive stuff

HAVE +HAVE + ObjectObject ++

Past ParticiplePast Participle


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Verbs like: Believe, Think, Consider, Say,Report, Know, Expect, Feel, Understand, Find

1. Introductory IT is used (It introductorio)

Look at the following examples


IT + passive verb + complete subordinate sentence

without changes


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EXAMPLESEXAMPLES

Police say that he started the fire.

Itis saidis saidthathe started the fire.he started the fire.(Se dice(Se dice queque elel empezempez elel fuegofuego))

People think that she doesnt live in London

Itis thoughtis thoughtthatshe doesn't live in Londonshe doesn't live in London(Se(Se piensapiensa queque ellaella no vive enno vive en LondresLondres))

They knew that the King is coming tomorrow

Itwas knownwas known thatthe King is com

ing tom

orrowthe King is com

ing tom

orrow(Se(Se sabasaba queque el Reyel Rey vieneviene maanamaana))


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Verbs like: Believe, Think, Consider, Say,Report, Know, Expect, Feel, Understand, Find

Look at the following examples


Subordinate subject + verb passive + subordinateactive verb in INFINITIVE.


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EXAMPLESEXAMPLES

Itis saidis saidthathe started the firehe started the fire (action in the Past)

HeHe is saidis said to have startedto have started the firethe fire (Infinitive Perfect)

Itis thoughtis thoughtthatshe doesn't live in Londonshe doesn't live in London (Present)

SheShe is thoughtis thought to liveto live in Londonin London (Infinitive Present)

Itwas knownwas known thatthe King is comingthe King is coming tomorrowtomorrow(Present)

The King was knownThe King was known to be comingto be coming tomorrow.tomorrow. (Infinitive Present)


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ByBy JFBSJFBS

12th january.passive voice

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