:a~VC:N'I'H !'tI·:W!" lNU m:LH A'f 't'm: :.;Wlli.l HIN l!ü1'I,L

I'1BAUP.i~r.:. ~3WA,UI,ANH 01>1 !J-·lO OC'í'Olli!:lt, l:itl:i

12828 2 2 ~tl, 1993

i;.' .r-"~' /}¡I\' .. ~ ,r ~iilf.¡j~U

Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical

.souH,urn Atnca Dev(:kJpment Coo(dlnatiot) Confl'f0nc{:~ SACCAR Privah) Bay 001 OB Gaborone BO!UWHlld

lJear

Regional Pro\=Jrarnme on Bealls In soumern Atrica

'JI IVdtb Hd~.J AfUtma, Ta:ILdnlo

Ap'Jltlldo Aéreo G71:¡ Cah - COlomoia

Please find a~taehed draft Minutes of tha Seventh MBating 01 the Steering Uommi ttae of th0 SADCC/CIA'l' Regio.na! t'r0grwJlm0 en B6ans in Southern Africa, held at .the SW;izi Inn Hotel!, Mbab,;li6, Swaziland on 9-lOth October, 1&89.

O~S fV'.,U:\ ~~"'-"\ b'" IJAV ID J. ALLliN llilBi ona..l -º.QQ!:1!.1l.!i!tor

!, le' \, !' 1\, ',.,\1'), .llJ 1, r l.:

H 1 NU'!'KS 011 'l.'HIt: SI!:V l!:N'1'1I MI!:ll:T! NG Ol!' Tillo: S 'l'K¡';JU NG COMM 1 '¡"j'!!:!!: 010' TUl!: SADCC/CIA'!' llliGlONAL PI<OOHAMMll: ON UEANS iN LiUU'¡'III!:HN M'1UCA, UELU

Ni' 'l'UI( SWAZI lNN, MBABAN!!:, SWA:t.lLANU ON ¡¡-lU OCTOU!!:H, 191m,

ThoS6 present ,

Mr. Manuel Amane, lNlA, G.P. Jtib8, Maval¡w",, M¿¡putu, M,n¡ambiill.iSl (;';hai rmgn )~

Dr, Joyos M. Mulila-Mitti, Msek6ra l{esearoh Station, P.O. BOJ( blOU89, Ghiputa, ~!l.ll.!l.si.

Dr. 'Glemenoo ¡jo Mushl, Agricultura! h:1>ls ",¡u'ch lnstitute­L.yamungu, 1:'.0, BOJ( 3UU4, Hoshl, Ti;m;;;an.ii~.

Dr. Alex Mkandawire, Bunda ;';011eg", 01' Agl'icull;urtl, P.O. Box ~19, Lilongwe, ~_~,

Mr. Francisco I!:duardo, Facultade de Ciencias Agrarias, C.P. 236, Huambo, Angola,

Mr, John Pali-Shikhulu, Malkerns Hes8arch Station, P.O. Box 4, Malkerns, Swaziland,

Miss. Zodwa Mamba, Malkerns Research Station, P.O. BOJ( 4, Malkerns, Swaziland,

Dr, Uarry Masst'lY, M¡,¡stl.l·u Research Station, P.O. Box 829, Ma::¡¡;,ru 100, L"sotho,

MI'. Simon Moima, MasElL'u Research Station, 1',0. Box tl29, Maso.'lru 100, J.,.!1J¡lclJJ..c2,

Mrs. 'fhandiwe Nl",ya, l.lt,par'tm'1nt oi l\e,;earch ¿¡ud Services, P.O. Box 8100U, Causeway, Har¿¡re,

Mr. '!'revor Sykes, CIDA;SADeC Progr¿¡mme, 1-', O. Hurare, Zimbabwe.

:JpI;jGjuli~t,

Z í m ~¿ª-h!4-ª . Box 2(;19,

Mr. Cliff Kwulamb0ta, SACCAR, Prívate B<,g 00108, Gaborone, .!.íQtI;íWi'lD¿;¡ .

Dr. D"lYid J. Allen, SADeC/CIA'l' Regional Bti,Hi ProgI'wnmCl, 1',0. Box 2"/04, Arusha, l'<mzania, ifuigi.QnªJ. CO<;ll::!ii.J1-ª.to!:l.

Absent

MI'. E. Mosarwe, Sebele Research Station, P.E, ÜÚJ3, Uaborone, }iotswaoa.

1. Agenda

The Chairman drew attention to the Pl'oposed Agenda (Appondix 1), This was ADOP'I'ED for the. meeting,

2. lntroduction

'l'he Chairman th'~n introduced no.'lW 0l6lHl'é>rs (,f the tit<lu!'ilJ!! Commi ttee (tiG), in particular lJr, A, tl. iJ. Mkandawit'e wlto be";; takc,¡¡ OVer leadership of the Malawi programme; Mr. Franuisüo l!:du¿,niv and Mrs. '1'. Nleya whom, lt was noted, W<lre staudillg in lor CilSti'o Gamaraela anel O.livia Mukoko, respectively; Mr. 'freVOi' Sykes, wtlo has IlOW raplaced Dr, J. S. Clark on the CIDA/~3ADCC programmoa; ane! Mr. C, Kwalambota, as SACCAH representativa, A particul~rly warm welcomF.l was g'lver¡ to t.ba Swazllalld cooi·dinat.or, M1'. Jo)¡n l'¡di' Shikhulu, and to Mi ss Zodwa Man,ba, who 1s 1,0 1..al,É; OVér r rüm 111m,

1

for 'Lhi5 was l .. ht-;j first- occasion Ort whi":h ::;wa;:!ilt.nd haJ !)t;Un reprdS811ted ()n tha ~c.

3. MlnuLtl5 of tiw 5th l>e; Md0ling

in Vi8W oí th\;~ir t_H'.:)visioflC.' ¿¡CCr.:pt-¡J¡II\:O al:- tht:l 6tJi St!, ·~ht:

chairmau a"kud fOl' conf inllaLion tk, t tl,,, Minut",,, W<lre indcled " trua arlJ aC:C:lll'~Ji·~ l-.~(:oJ"(i ~y thü~H PI·~H,jl.t. ato the ~th se. lJ.·. G, t1d~-,::::;tjy -ano t·lr. ~. f'1 ... )jUlu f.1rO thJbud t-h~ir f_h.h)pli~ ... .n LI.ti.J Lbi!~ W,A'~ AéC¡';I''I'JW.

<\. Minuto;; 'of tho ¡¡t.h t;C M""t;lng

Vr. .J.H, HuliJa-Mitt.i pr(;po1.od Uleir ADOIJ'I'lON and this w;"" seconded by lJr. e.s. Mushi. The Minutes W'Jr." duell' AGeJil"l'l!;V.

5. Mattecs arising froID thOti6 Minutos

(i) P.:l: The h:egiona! Coordinator (He) confiL'Ined that h8 had spoken to Mr. Ch1'1"; Georg" (CI))A) Lo duL8nojllú t.h", po""jblu implicaLions of comml tl-ing runds 1",11' acaddllllc schol i,rc;ltlps b"yond the 1 i tú 01' the f ll:S L phascl (Jf Lhe R0gional llrogramm,> (1\1') , CiuT6!ltly ~,d"cJdul~-td 1.0 {j"d 011 ~il.:Ll-Ji!, All •. HI 1""l'o)j'Lúd u".L. Gdorge lndicii1;.<:d tite re was unlikely to be 1my problem ill o.¡¡1'1'y-OVf-..ll'.

(ji) p.::J : Dr, Mkun¡J¿,wir", IJh~n1,iol\od t,J¡¡,t, t"joJhni.cal/Jüwn'.;ial r8ports had befln prÜiHU"jd by ti",} ~l¿¡lawi. prügTwlllhu alld dlc;pat,.:;hcH.! (;0 tht\ W":, by whom tht<Y rwd no!:. yElt b"''''ll n";"iv",,l.

(Ui) p.:J' ~lI'.dr¡(l¡¡wi.rú ¿¡<id.,,,t Llwt. IlHl(t,; dUeJ L., t'1,¡J,¡w.i. JUI'

thl:'J aphld sub-tJl'oject liad. !¡{)'t l.Jut:!!I. l'\"1CuLVtJJ. All...,,, (;uUllnul.,.Hl tllt,)

1Il.~n"'l' tr"wsfer had ueen ,l'equ .. st<ld (a n<Jw chequ<l Wá>i inull,odldL61y i b~"iUud t ou titu l.H¡¡J(.;r::;It .. duJ ing Lh(jt" iJ t,th:1 r lr:"",t !.rüHf;luc Yldh

tivuutual1y l"u<,;utV'"t..:l:d th<;'1 !.¡um wúuld lit l:.:,,1'UIHJt.J(j t-Q l.b . .) H.lJ).

(iyJ p.4 : ',t'he He VldS ask"l<l abüu'L Lh" outCOlH" 01' th", bruc)¡,d sub-project r8vü;ion, iollowing tlle Untolllolo¡JY Workin¡J l,roup H",etlng in Augu"t. Alhm r<lpl18d t,}¡at, ;ApClrt from Lb" sur,llllaL'l",,,,d rt:;cúmmt;ndat~ollf;~ t rc.JfU tltu WQ L ~.lflg Uroup (AHn~xurE1 2 1.0 He ¡ ~ l:(ep0rt), h., Vlould hay" L,) ch"ck wtU, '!A,,, kdgiortéd b:ntolllologic,L. Mrs. T, Nlaya confirmad that slw had 1\0t receiYed aJviue frulli VI'. Giga, and she promised tu Jiscuss with Mrs, Mukoko.

~o3tcripL 1\h~ l'~vif;~d prOp0~&!j Appundix ~1 wa~ cl~udptud Ly tht:J h:ntoUlology WOl'k"l.Hg' Ul~(.ILq;,J; whu notcd t,hat a~ 1Jr~ liig¿i WCt¿j .:J.

rú(:(;:Hlt.. recipit:Hti:. of ,:;~ ko(~kt:Jfallor ¿~Hnrd) J16 intenduu 1:.0 dit-;bur.::-;t.: Cl lurgd prupüeL.lon ()f 'tho :~,uru ctwctrdu¡J (U~~lJ 10)UUO p.LI. r.ly'uC~Jt~:,J)

ta coopúrators in tho bru~hid sub-projocL J anca ~ppruv6d by thcl ;Jt;.

(yJ p,'! : W.ith r.agard 1.0 th€) rejection (Ji th", applicéltioH Lü travel to Z.iIllb¿Abw(1 a<..' part of tht-] ni2:matouó 5ub- pr0j.:;.:,;t, I\HaJaHibota Ill¿H:.t10!lqd tlH,¡t t~ACCAH offut'od t.t'dVuJ g!'.:.¡ut!.i. Il'i-Li:-. W;..l~,",

NUTl!:1J by the CGlflrllittDI;.1 HhiltJ slr ... tssíng thiJ.t Lhu l'uj(--¡,:.:li()u b;td

"

been the result of the se being unconvinced of the technical value 01' 5uch travel rather than by limitation of fund5.

(vi) p.5 again5t drafting greatest emphasis nUtjd.

Amane m;mtioned that Mozambique had ct8cided a sub·'project proposal iu tavour o.t giviHg

to introduction oí germplasm, seen as ths chiar

(vii) p.5: It sesd storage jars; Mozambique ..

was CONlnRl1ED that Zambia had and the balance had be en

ree,,,i ved received

the by

(viii) p.b: Massey rumarked that Lile thcesller rucu)vad il' Lesotho proved unsuitable for whole plants. 'l'hey nttldfJd tt lttrge machine (a Vogol '?) ; he agreed to check on detai 15 and costs ami relay this intormation to the HC. '¡'he queostion then ,U·O:;''' clti Lo what to do wi th the small bundle threshAr. Noting tltat i t hi.H1 proved fully effective in tanzania, Mkandawir", r"quested that. tha machina b" shipped from Lesct~;:. to Malawi. This wa" APl'HOVJW.

(ix) p.!> (and Appx 7) ; Kwalambota remarked that ;3ACCAR would lika country tot,als to be presonted in tiumm"'rÍE,,¡ oí equipment ordars. 'l'his was NO'l'liD by the ¡"C.

(x) p.!>: lt was NO'l'ED that a mutually convunient time tor Mrs. Nleya' s short-term training at CIA'l' r .. "adquartor5 could not be found during 1969. Allen was requested to st.art negotiations for her training during 1880.

(xi) p.tl : Dr. MUl.lhi confirmod t.hat he h'aú visit"d 50 had Dr. Mkandawire (whose report was received by Francisco Eduardo confirmad that both Sereno and Conceicao had returned 1,0 Angola írom CIA'l' training.

eIA'p, and th., He). Erm"llinda

(xiiI p"6: Amane confirmad that he had found his visit to Tanzania very utieful. Allen furLher confirmc:d that 11""5r5 Ndttkiúemi, l1ukandala and Kanenga had atterldad a CIMMY'l' training courstl in Swaziland.

(xiii) p.S reportad that Ha Uganda nor had she

Witb regaLJ to courses 81sewhare. Mushi Gondwe had not attanded the wtieds course in r.,-appliad to the annual course aL Corvallis.

( xiv) p. 6 Allen was asked to h",<>l' i3ACGAH as w<.ll as National Cooi"dinators inform .. d 01' tralning Oppol'tuni ti",s. AlIan acceptad this, noting that SACCAH representation on the ~C Meetings ensured that such informatiou was made rugulctrly available. Sykes added that lSNAH was al so running various cvurses in tha regíon, informat.ion on whích could also prOVd useful.

(xv) p.tl Tite HC sUInmariz.ed th", pObiLion COllG<H'ning

academic scholarships, mentioning that Mrs. l:'onwla had gttltlud acceptance at Univ. ldaho and that Ca¡¡¡¿u"ad¿¡ had .l"fL lOC kaading.

3

(xvi) p. '( : Mkandawire urg"d th,·, W.: to mOV<'1

publication oí workshops/working group proc6odings,

(xvii) p.8 Kw"d.¿,mbota dr"w at LÚ1,tioll to thú ~>A¡;CAf( guidr.:din'?ls für r.ht: COHiposition l1ud flHi\::t:i'JU:5 üf ~_itu~Jrjl1l.;

t;ommi ttees (ApPófldix J) w1.iol1, th" ~j0 CuH~'j . .t(¡1l!:j). W'Ji"" tl,Ú!lK

follow.3d. 1 t W,~t; r<1marK"d that th" ¡;c .1"", pruu<j t." n,)t" that Lbu SACCAk guidc;l in.,;" app,o,a1'6d tú be moJe, 11"l.1 UP<>f¡ OUI' own ol>urat.i on ,

(xviii) F.ti HL.llH..lawiL'8 i.\sk"J al.h)'!!. Lh._, bLatu:, uf t.],.:

1:",giollal Br(1e,lt-n' t,o bd station,,,¡ at l.itll,d::.., illlulI 1"."pI i6d that d lt;J.:.td candfdat:.e hrld al~~ln b~h,n idt';hLi t l t~d and Lh':'1.t 111:-:; nh'lIt~ itlllOl¡g'

útht'.::l":1 shol:,tJist,jd WétS thi.:-) lIh)JHI...~nt~ lluLk;r dL:jcu~)~)ion buLw~tJn 1\../ ... l(l"kby i.md [JL t'];,rti" Kyuru0 in !JOL"WiAUiL

(xix) p. ti ~ tü..¡aJ<.:tllJooli.i ü5~~c.:¡j i\11(~ll ¿lL¡.uuL. t.hd prvG~~)dUrd uVt:!t'

th~:, Afl"'l ... :cln l1d~n He:j~'::':1.rch. t·ri~t::. Al ,lt.,:tl rl;;i!1.l.nd~":ij lH<::.!illi;t:::rb L1J.aL Lb lb wat:; á P ('1.;;:1;:; prl-=-~jl,!n t,ljd lJY el 1\'1' hC¿,p,¡1 lU':,\1' tt; t~~-~ } Wft,.:1'G

r6cvmm",nJdCion$ l'ro!O th" él IÜ" s in AJ'J.'.Lc<.I W,",I'", $i tt~"d ánd ti.,: wiuu6r CflO!ien. Utu: job tn tlir: se W~b '(,o l'I;Jvit:¡w i;tud f>Ü;;~.':l 011 ilv1HinQt.i~'n::; r"l<~,"j.Yed l'rom the Ni:lL.i'~'l1dl !'l·",gl"i.luun,,", (NL'), AL len c\'Jnfll'Ult1J that lb!;; l!:HJb Wintl01' (Hrf:í. ''I'hl; .. L'!;J!;"J :,>uHgoI.Jbd früm lIgi.lndQ) hád b',,,,n állllOllUCtid in th", f3ACCA1-: N'Jw::;lbtL,," (Apl?'''lJlx -1).

6, H('l!itlllid GüorUi/l11tor' ti n"porl. ror 1 ¡¡H~; 11l1d Worl.qd an l!HW/¡¡O

rOl"

Allutl 111'1,,,,,,,11,,,,1 j'íl.'é,l. Id,; hl>I"~I'L (A¡JI",mll", ~)J Ll"w bl:, Wor!¡PL: .. n (Appdndix ti) that stimulEtLud t.IIV J:vllvwlr"t Ji:;';Clc",i'~n, Hoth Heport aud Wvrkplan are fH"cJsentad herf) in " l'6v.í.5fJJ .furrll.

(iJ '1'!¡(..tL u" . .liJb,.}:.;. \.,.,1: ,::)l.J::;.tJrv<J.t..l,jIl~ iludo u'l~dUdLl(ljl:";¡ m .. ), ("h.1 lJy 1..:1' scl,"ntí"i..s «nd vtltur CIAT vi¡;itors s.r.ould b" l"rt wi 1'.11 NI:' b"t'H'" t-hüir di1pürtuct:'''' Copia;:. of trip 1~6ports ':\I;~.l W(;lí~(Jl\hJd by NI') :.J,

Al1wI áccuJ.>lcHI Lld.s.

(i 1 J Nushi f).:tid t~hat. Nf..<J.3 :ihc.nJ.lú b~.j ¡~()ll~)Ld -ct:.;d wl.th rul'd1'CCn:t:

Lv thu \tJ,,)J'Lp.L.HI. At.luu r,¡pl1',ld Llld.L tJJj~_J W<.JL ,·jh.dl:LJy Llu; PU}-¡h)~~U

uf thit:í f}ul"Licul ar !.;i(.1;;,¡;siün. .lU wl1.ich iHput dlld nULH_!~ c,f Ni," ti \Alut'·)

üúught,

(it1) Amane said thi:lt lEtte April/sürly Hay was th0 mUbt appropriatu tilrh3 fol' a Vl..,Lt to Lichinga, 'I'his WáS IJU'I'IW,

(iv) r'a1. i'-bhl.ldlL11Ll «,,1<,><..1 f..,1' a vi"U, by Lh" lkgt,,,nal Cropping Systt.,ms Agronomi!)t (e~>A), and l-{t2:;gioual PathoJo¡1'iEit it pOfJsiblú, to visit, :.:;'wél:¿i1and ii1 Febru¿t:cy. 'fhe Hur<A 1 ;)uctol¡");2'l::-,L (t1ilt.i<wnt MaLo:a) ntiúrJe; flulp wltli t.lw d..,:.,igu of" 'lU1>"t l.'JlilliÜ"", to survey farm(~r/(~nnsufller acc8pt;;¡bi ti t.y, Pt.::rti,'t[:Jci from tlpj I<ugi.onal ltGonúrnt.t:t. 'l'hu;_ju ruquu;-ts W1n~\í NUTI~:lJ, .HHi <in" i1i\::lthllld in the raVitiad W0rkpl~D,

(v) M¡,ssey ",,,id that. the H",gionúJ [() ( .. Duon Íi,l, ~;Il<",ulJ p.lan to vit;j L L(),G,(JtJ)o 1';'11 ¡:¡U' . .1 w!l't!k durinU' Jdl~·-tt.tl'\:li 1~1~.,{j (,1U J¿~Lc;l.'

di~5cus5ion, it WijJ3 iÁrJ,-n.JoJ thdt.. C;.:>A al!.)() vj::-ilt,'J .í!. ;¡dIHI.i tlll¡t;J.

4

Massay addad that he nesdad help with the evaluation Di the drought nursery. in response to which the RC suggestód that Di", Mkandawire be invitad to haIp, 'l'his was a popular proposal fully ENOORSIW,

(vi) Francisco Eduardo confirmed that ths scheduled visiL by the CSA to Angola in Jan 1990 was welcome.

(vii) Nleya asked that the Regional Zimbabwe, in late Feb/early March 1 ~~(J. to Olivia Mukoko in designing her on-farm survey as part oi her 1:'h, JJ re5earch. '1'hi5 too WORKI:'LAN of the HE' for 1990.

ltcoHomist visits gi V>J guidanct> to

for BCMV illcidunce, was ADDED to TUl!:

(viii) With regard to the ClDA/SACCAJ< mid- t"rm ,'"viúw <>r thú R1?, as rtlquir",d in the Contribution Agreement between CJDA and eIAT, and as tentativ",ly sch",duled in th", WOI'kplan, Sykes s"id that his first thoughts WtlL'tI tbat. thtlrd might bd valud in" t.wo ¡¡tage review, Allen ¡¡aid that thia could be appropriate, giVtlD differenctls in crop seasan aeros::; the region, Kwalambota said tha t L'0Vit,W tean;!> u!>uall)l wau t to no",,, lo NI" lúudul'!> iJrld r(¡~i(!dl'(;ll dir"etort>, but rtlquirtlm"nts obviously vari",d with Lh" t"'álU

leadership. Mu.hi said that the best time to visit Tanzania Nas MaYIJune, Mueh discussion tallowed; conclusions drawn WQr" that fi",ld visit¡; (perhaps in Man~h 19<10) should b .. , part oi thi, fin¡'t stag" , during whioh thtl ne0d for th0 r",view to tour eapitals of th8 SADCe l"eglon in th€! s0eond stage eoul'd bu él5su"s."d "ud forrnulated, Sykes stres:::;ed that he would u1';;" tha t the l'"view teaDl Nas kept 5níall to avoid it¡; beeoming (;umber:;¡ome. lt wa:> necessary to revea! to the review túalll t.hu "widE> I"Wf1"P ot inl'lw"IlC"" that the HP wa,; havlng on tJ oÍ tl", !J ,;ADCC counLri,,:>, Kwalambota suggested that the topie be presentedto SACeAH as an SC diseussion topie.

Noting the above, L1w He' s Heport and Workplan Wert) ACCEP'fIW, CONDl '1' ¡ONAL upon sui table amenctmant to the WorkpLan. and upon inclusion 01' NP repo1'ts in tha body 01' the Report.

7. National Programme Progress Reports

National Coordinators presentad ;:, ... Uin",s 01' tbeir prob(r<o>ss and limitations, and some writt2~ reports wera distributúd by eertain NPs. Technical ditails have búa n abst.racted and prestlnt.ed in tbe revised Re ¡,eport (App",ndix b), Suppll'.1men tary remarks. and prob181lls annountered by NP'I,\ <I!"e as follvwti,

Mkandawire drew attention to 4 deflci0Hcins in tl,u Mulawi p1'ogramme, seen as : (i) the, o si tes Ilsed aro mann"d by l'iGlwol ldavdrs not by well-trained staff, so the quality oí the work was orten pOOl'. More technical training is requi1'od; (iil no on-farm research has bes n conduct",d and there i5 "<led to iniLiat" LJ¡l:;¡. but Government input (to the University-run cOIllDlvdity team) would be necesf:;ary. Again J "trainint:t j ... ~ tH::eded; (it'l) ií' tbu NP Ulldertakes ruanag~ment oí rBgional disea~e 11UrtiHl'j~5 {~ to~i\~ discussed during the 1st SADce Udglonal Usan Xesearch Worksllop

duriug t.he pJ'tjvious wv,tJk, wi th:out, conmli t-mt::!tl ts b~ing m':"Hiu) ·Lltut.l

two áLidlt·iuncll Un:.~istantb Wf)uJd LJu t-vubht; (lV) NJJ Cl'dH;-.pvl'l

r"mains ver)' l.imiting . •

Mul.ila-MiLt,i cirGulctLed Gopl\;;~ 01' t:;y.dGut~iVt: suuunacit:::,s (,;11 work cOllduct<ód in Zalllbia, now divid",d by Hat.urdl rt:gion. bi:Jid th¡.-t major pl'"oblums hl.:Jr progralhlUtj f{J.ct:J~¡ iH(!ludu uncul'Lain· 1'ULU1'<ó uJ wod: in NOl'Lh"rn l'l'VvillGU al. lC . .tL.L~'J, Mbala. Th~re 15 & ne~d to transfe~ aLl~~st afie titiniur membuT to LI1'3 Nort-h (l'lOt¡¡;e av"nlable at Mi;samfu), b",cause 01' t:lxtrtjnlU log.it)tll.:rll a.ijJfi(Jl.¡lt,lt?tJ 01: t;;rrt.;::,;L'iVt:; múnügl!UltJllt$

Chipata,

S "él f f tbs

};' r í..\n~-; i seo Eduf,trdo t.,lllphü;j i .. : ud 'L lid, t t .. hi~ !Ü.q,.(\ d itri 11'cl)L{ J'dÍlHII"

focus~J OH ;¿ d..';;/ptJ~LSJ Val'it.d.,al (¡V.:..tllUiLiúB .u.ud ::;011 l't.::l'Ll Lily" Much new gf1l'mpl ó;:;¡nl was btling in tr()duc~-::-d J rom el A'l' t ztnd ~J • .flll': through -tite Hdd Grvl'"~:5. Work on !:::.\:.!rt.:.r::;nlf1g fu.!" toldrünct.:l 1:-0 :::;oi 1 iuf8rtllity .=..tOJVng 16 vé\;t'it.::t.i~ti at~ 2 :Jitt,:..J W¿I0 LUidl: . .cw::.ty, l!:quipmdn t ne",Js are Do i ne( ffi6t.

AmurH.1 stl't:.l's:.:tQd t.ht;J ¿1Cl"rt..o;;; nWtJd fo[' bett .. t..::r "Lrdiclcd n}LHif..!,}W.jt~)

f;;~pecially üt Lichir.t,!:Ju (t.h., m;.d u búdll re ".,;~.l:rch ~~ i tI,)) t n H,);;~a.UibiqUE1. !-'¿1t.hcdogy iuput H¡'~~·:i IIf:t.~düJ. 'l'hu mdln "mI)j¡LI:'4i.'~ \-I,1,;'¡

ot..dng· vl.:.tct;:d vu g~Jj'm,pl<J,LIII iut.r(H.lu,~tl\~¡i.1 .(Jnd UV.:-dUL\LJ\.HI. l p1.·'~t:.rIJ;,:, 5luhmijJ:iz;oo in I~U l«jpt>1.'t .. ).

MU5hi I who confirnIC1d that .. hi(;hl if-tltt:S (¡f! rnsi_,ar";}l had h~t"¡n (;utilpiitid, UlunLivut:.:u LheAt a fU.1Lt\JUdJ iUUiLlL()ritíg Luur lhld l~lIJl¡'I,d Ld rtlJ'th~r strt:1ngthEJn ] inlu-; betWfnHl th1:"1 J !:";~f>drut(;j i1"isti tuti on,s C(Jjh':ul't'h:d wl 'Lh b ... H.Hi l'O;:'*J¿,u'c:h i H 11\'\I¡;:~.~n i (-j,

Tr 1 al s ulld8r th" M i.n),5 try lIad bhüwn tha1.. U :)G~; 1 . ," l.P'u· t' (I!'Il.:, Lyamun¡,gi tiS ,,1 tt.,1tl¡¡h t.htH"ló '11'," indicat.lun:; th<d, i t j~; l.",,; pruJJurrud. TI'1U ~~lt; ftiJ!.í UtHJI"l Ilr(jH!uLtJd tu pru· t'Ul\Ll:",tl L'J;,Lifq{ I;y

~jokoill'" Univor:;ity 01' Agricultul't!. At UYdl.., Agj'i",ulL'll'¿d C""1.I''', wht~r(;~ t.he br(;<jddl,~)r is on ovel'st;¡;Hj t.rairdnt~, no JiUt::s ()Llt.pcu:ic,J'{acd Lht) l'oJoast..Hi cultivan:;) Uyolu u4 .-.. uuJ 1<:al;dHltuü. uu J~jrlil l'n),tlttr·,:l!

proctji:jd:::l bat.isfauto.r:i ly bul the a~·.gi5tanCt: úf tht:; 1\1' 1.;J llCH:sdt;u L\J strengtnoll UrR lo tila 501lthorn highl~nds, furthor tu~hIJiu~l progress 1m reportod alKawhoru (seu Appendix h).

Among' tbt.1 pril1cipa.l probLtHU5 confrl)nting tths 'rani:',anld!l nati.onal pr<.lgr¡,mme are (i) r"",trtcti Of¡,; jmp,><,,,,d by ¡dé"'l, quaralltin6 on ioLroducti.on 01' g8rmp1.a:.;m, aud (ii) th,] ia',k ot hou:.::tíng 1'(,)1" NP titatf jn. At"'uuhu, ~iU prt.1Vl,:,;nl~ing tIte nh)Vl~ to tit.:ll.:lll wherl:3 tht; ·"beuÍJ. bui.ldi.u¡.{' i8 n.i~arinH· (~,:-;dbJLütion. ;':>vlüt; prOtS'rt5~~:-:; in over(!(Jming the rlr::.it c)b:5t~(.h~1(¡ ha;';; bl...;'.4 d~;hil.;Vt;d LJ¡t'(/ui'!,h Llll:

use oi Mlwó.leni ¿,¡$ dI) op~n qÚ .. ,Ll~'(.i1l.lint:: ¿. Lt·.j lUt\h;,[' ::iUP01:'/lbltjH uf the Nat,ional PJant (.Juarant:in," Survl'>,' (Nf'Q:..;¡> "'0 l'61:mittill¡5 ti"., impot't oJ ma'toria15 fr'om U,L.{allJiJ. A~j~:;i::)tdnCt;;} i::! LuiíJ~( giVt.Hl I;y t.l¡t.:1 Rt~ t.ü r-H"'\:J~) tü h\11p q'::it..'lt}Jibh a lH.I(.;Ll]('t(j.lur~,lí:(.IJ l¡,\l~or¿.I.t.ui".I "t~,

pi,lrt ot c:losud qUat',¿urLlne t¿cj lit..l.u!.. A:fi l'Ul.1,'.1l"d:,:,¡ !J\jLl~jllILJ lj.~:: J'il'

~.,;it·,;."¡:tL,t:" Lh,¡ ;'",d:,LI¡"¡":\~ ¡',r ;:'l¡{',:/',!, i<l~,l ~,:lIJ¡'l]" 'i\f ¡It

Í'ali-Shikhulu ""id th",t, the m"in "chi8vem",nt as r",gards th., b""fI progralluh6 in Swa¡¡; i 1",,<1 had b.,.,1I t.he ~'"etln t. 0" to.bl i"hmun t oí a ¡,egumas Sect.ion, undar Zodwa Mamba. Both úquipment and training naada are nON antieip"ted. Researeh o.ctivities on­statian (sae Appendix 5) have lud to multiplication oi 6uud al promising lines and a1so to the initiation of on-farm trials.

Massey ramo.rk8d that it had been a gaoel year ll. LesoLlw, where an expanded range of introdueed lines had bean testad; 50me (ineludiDg AFBYAN entries) appeared superior to Lhe Pintos, whioh contillue to be lUultlpli"d. Un-rann troial", aPi t.:) b'j ext"ndüd to lUountain sites where the neúd ia acute.

NJeya indicat.jd that b, full r(1p<)1~t f['OIIl :¿illllJdbwu \-~{-¡~:. httld !.¡y Mrti. Uliviú Mu,l"i:uk(). J(I it, prOE:,.(Ct::ob::" wilh '{¡JJ'luLy L.:¡~,~Llflt', L.'\I! bú",Hl ~lHluucu:l¿;t:.id and promi:::;iug m,·tHri-élJ.''': id1:::Hlti.l'i.'JU,

1 t was AUh:l<:l<:ü tlla1:. t.his was no longHr t!.";:",,,,, ,'l"Y , ae>" i"L, II rt:..ipor't uf tho pt'ogi"uS;j JIi.;JJtj l;y Lhw ~)w.u~ i lc.t!lll l-iL'lJgl'üIHIIII; \ LI1U uuly P1'0EP,~aHUU'd !J.ut. 50 5ummal'i;¿,t.ju iIl prtlVi0US ~jC Í'1.tUUldb) btJ.J. 110W llVtJU

pr"b<'!1l t'jd.

lJ, H.ngional Collauoratlvu HU:iUüreh ~;Uu' proj'H';I."

Hkandawire conilrmed tha!. búth 1'in,H"::i,,,l ",¡el t.u"llnl'Ji...1 J.~t::porLs had boon prt3p¿¡r1::d o.hd dispotl..;hy'Jd tu thiJ i<tJ&;10ual Coordina tor (by wIJom Uwy had not yet b""n n"eti vCld ) Ol! a 11 Lh!'"Cl OI t.lla establ ished sub- pI'ojects (on drought, DNli" ,Hld angullir lu¿¡! "'puL) wi Lh the exct!Jtion oc a t",chnl cal r",porL úfl BNr. J t. "''', a¡¡;",,,,,,d that !JI', S, Ko Mughogho bu askud tú r",pul't tú '-h" ,;oil iertility working group meeting (Nairobi, ~ebruary 19901, throu~h Ur. O.T. ~dje, with a copy to ths CIAT Hicrv~iolúgist (Br, J, Kii:Jt,nNult). l"lul i1¿t inJlcatud -Ul;.IL L! tlloru f;OIHj.Jf"\ hutl;'-IJVt.~ pr"!"';I;;l l,-,l' llJt.: \;XL(:íl':.~i'J1t uf LiH,~ ;.;ub Pl"-'Jt;,:L nd{~j¡L ,;qh:,id,'j:' ¡tI,,:ht,tlll(~ d

bl'ut-:djllt~ ,'.1:_.i·)I:;:;cl... 1 L W.'.I:-;¡ NOTJ~U titilt Lb.: \llt~Ul,:¡/- J'-di" "puL .Id, Pi'"j.;\;L 1.,'1:-, rUHdiHi.~ fol' .J. :) yq;d' )J,~!'i,jd, i,<I w.:¡,; ,-lid,; L\) ,;qHL1!lu'

II Wd:-. CONFlh:I-U1:U Lh",L t,hu dr1JughL .. Id, i't,,',itP'1 c"h,q¡!d 1)1) ~.;'_jH L i nu\~d .

tJi:~,;It:,~"il)H ,q. d<..:~;-,¡l',:J f\')j'!j¡, .. L:, 1'I'jr fiu"Ul':í,d "';jI'JI'!", dl"l' ... :fl/'

UtJvít l\wüJ.dmlJvLd J s t...:.Alh~ri\}ti(;\5¡ CCHl\,.:LUVh.'i) tliJ.L ,',111, l)J,,)j,~{!L ~~\:\:' '111;1":,

~·:.ih)-uld in flltUl"ü f0!]üW t,h('¡ fúnn.:.t ()f tlt<; hnd{~t:t, ',)l'lgln.:;,! Iy ·:qJlq·dV.-~d lJY lht) ~;C. '1'ld~~ w\'j~dd ¡tl,:.tk(:i i t. 1::I"',jtt!" t(, ,,';<1 Lh,· l. '1;:1

¡.f l.'í{j;JtJrnJit.-uf't::,} dedih:..,L LuJividu,-tfly .qJ!'l""Vt:d (lBI; Jtt'lU.,

i.t t.t'ltlt r~1p'_d"L 1't'''HI In', .J, Ct,LJd¡\!rL , :Ij

pr(jtfr():;~; m;HII~ viítll th,: JJt:ll\LIL\)lo~¡,Y :-,ub -Pf'\Jj,",'t j ftl'j',:sl'lix '1 j 'j'¡!l , \ .. .J:~:< IJ.l'J.'l':I"I'j(j¡ by Lt¡q ~~¡,~,

"

Mushi subini tt13d a l1bW propos¿¡l on hl't,Jl,d ing fur rt1S i .stauGu j',{.)

btlanfly (App"mdix I:l) wbiuh, 11" t;aid, h"d rd,,,¡d,v,,,¡J inplll, irulll 'ti,,, breed~r and ~ntomoloeibt in thó CIAT f3i!311 Pcogcaol iJi Colorubj~.

DiscUS5ioll led tG Lbs conclusi'on that thi," w"!ó an import¿wt topi,c th,at w"rrantc;d !>uPPoJ."t, 'I'h", COMI1J'I"1'EI~ At¡Hi~l';U th:'lt, jH'vvidE,d ti", thi rd obj"ctive WG\S Jel<ilt;'ód tron! p,::l o.r Lhcl propos¡ü (bélcaw,,, such w()rk "is rJurrrlnlly tu Pt'0tll'e!i::i ¡JnlunJ!, lhí:;l fjUl:nlnoloL!Y nt.Jtwúrk), th-':j sub- projuct w0uld lH:'l ¿n'/HrUr_.id (J~J) $'11 tlUU rol' tite. f i.l'sl. ytJül' ,

extendible trwr0.lfttlr if progrc:s,¡ fiad d(~(;;lllüd !3atisf ctC'tOí'Y by the ~jC .

Mulila-Mitti thon prt:)!.,ltHl'Lt-;,d a rH;;W pror)()~"l, OH int81"C'J:'opplH¡.! (ApPlindlX bI), 'J'his illspir"d lon¡{ d'Juat"" 'l'ht oono1u;;10n" dn.\vlll wElre l..hat : i t was us",fu.l to ílS tabl i,;h tl1" impOj'télflC," o.t' De,an" in pd.l~ticulü.r cropping :::"yf.lttllH!$ i"1nd lt.. Wd:;¡ pJ't;j,.r~,;l~dblt.j thdL thu lU~:J

wel.l-knowll aceati of t.hd SAUCe rt1~::;lon Da t.,:jrf-~,:_~t0;(1 t'~::iptjt..'!ialJ.y; ir. 13 importallt that tl~ objoctivos OI tl,a ~uu~pruju,:t be sharply d¿¡fined; nnd that inJJ.vldual NP'" h'j 1",1'1. Lo d."r:jll" ,>1, mUiAl,,; uf conducting th,; local qu<::"tivr,w:1Íre, 1 t:. ~¡¡.s fUl'thc'¡' agl'e'Jd thaL the Burvey eleffiBllt 01' the proposal 5lwuld proccod ~o dH 1..0 butt~r f(~¡l~muluLo f..i t:>pt·jqiJi...:..: rtJbUdr~;h tC,Jl'lU \)U JIíLI1t'\:l"'i'J1itlj'{1 Lu IH)

ttppJ',~dí;H"d by tho w0rt{tHtl gl'uUp (JU (!l"(.>pplug ;jYbLt:Juls. 1 t.. Wd!,

propc>sed and A\J\JJü''1'l!:D by the ;j\J th",1.. t.h" c<liling f(,r tlle "urv"y be raüit,d to lJSlJ l2,OiJO for the fil'5t Y "''' l' , flitl! th", f'hOVlt;() t.IH"t such baJanctJ iU¡ rtlluüin"".I al. ti .. , onel of thl:o f"'u'i<"el U<I rul'lAIHIt,ú tu t.h" ¡W, 'l'h", principl" tj.at nal.loClal funds bu c(;lItriblAtud L<.I sUl'ph,lUuClt. <.;xttil'I¡al Lupport {,'om t.1"" 1([' >idti ",le.;v I\CCEI:'l'lüJ, M", Godtroy Mi tt.i wa;; unanimously tlomi.na'ted l""d,,1' uf thib ;;utr pro,iect by the se,

J!'ollowiug r"coIHl1\"f¡dations Jilildu ctt thu üt.h se "nd aL tlle: Entomoiogü¡ts WOJ:kir,g l.lroup MU<lt.ing bubseq,wntly, ~lulila-Nit.(.i submitt"d a 1'evist>ct propot3al (Appc,"dix IU) O/l the: 4phiJ ,;¡ub­projoct U.Udt-:jT thl;~ l6a.dtJl'ship ü1" D,t'. :.:J. ;·':>itlt¿Ath~nll¡¿¡IlI. NvLl(¡ll" tlli.d, thti rt::lvi:si00 now t(,h;!\ Í-lltO (;tCüount t.bt.: inclu;·¡.lon v.t' Uuvld KabLlngo, in 50uthí:.H~n '1'~uzc..uia, i-t Wd5 All1\EeD thut- t.hu r.;ub· Pl:ojuct bts i.twEtr"dt:d U~H) ~;lh140U for tht" :.h-,C\'jIHJ yua.c, lncJudlo L,;. ~ ~¡ 'l,¡)I)li 1..0 u.llow tu.!' thú L!lclutiloH oj: 'fd.!1::',;anl.u. !?lub lU/;, ü,';; t';()Ul.iUg~,;Hl\~.v,

Di SCU~J'::;; ion utJl:'I6ln \41 lh KWal amlhJta Wt¡l) l:d 1. t.1,Sl' :,t"L1Jd Lila t.. ~ut!P::l

kind of .::.tl{.r:~:1t:·)mt;i.rl. hH.;:¡ im!)ortant J bocau;;;¡~) ¡Jul.d le: l'L.uldh W\1rt.~ lBVúlv,jd dSH.1 t.hüL i_Hiuqt-l---1lu .:..t\,..:C':AH1!:.itbLJ iLy \-ht;,; vi Ldl. J"ln;"tlP,,~ldl

t:ellOl't.¡) trOla lf;¿tuur:--l of tiúb~·p~·ojó..:J(;t.!J mu~L l¡,.1 t.;xpli.t:lt l :':'pUJ.llllt~

out clearly Hgainst wl\üt item oXf:)enditt.4t·~j W¿\!:;) i.nCUi.'l'bd, ln thtl 8.b~H.7nc:~ or El fonnal atP'6~montt Llllo,¡ W¿tb t.~:)p(;~i¡-tt.!y .lmp(>rLaut. Diseu5sion eon<: luded wi th tl\~ ruqut'Z!.:t t. U 1 i,l "t ~)ACCA1\ pr"lv Ld<_1,;; ~uidelirles, and a o}odel for futUI~ USA. };yl~0~ confjrn¡0d thiG WI¡U ln,port~"nt fl'om crUA' s PO.tht 01' vi • .,., "ió w,:;ll,

,¡

10, 'l'raining

(i) Proposa L5 !J;u: .§hol't-ta¡;¡n tnlÍning 31, C1A'J' .in 10)9U.

Two requests from Tanzania we~'e presentad by Clelf18nCe l'1u5hi, both frotn tlle National Plant Qual'antine Sr,atlon wh"re, it WiA,;

NUT~D, SUPPQrt wa5 justifi~d baoause th1s station was ntiW and in nead oi s~renghthening. One request NiAS made for a week's Vl5iL to CIA'l' headquarters by th., 5C1<l[lt15t 1n'charge, presumably Nrs, 1{oshan Abdullah, subject te confirmation t¡y lhe Dir",cLor vf 'l'l'h:l. The second request was for a 4 week perlod of tr81n1ng in virology for Miss Grace 01otu,

'l'he SC AGREED to the principle but HEC01111EtWE))th"t th", periods be ex t.,,¡¡ded to'{ -10 days in Lhe case of the head of quarantine (whose visit it "p,,,- I,ü'!'b;)), should be, i'.1I-ré>"gdJ tu 1.,,, part OL travel aisoto th", w",s'teru USA atLh", luv1 t«tiun of DI', M.J. Silbernagel, as indicaLed by Allen who m~ntioned tlle opportunity tor shared trav.,1 costa) and tal' a period ot 2 montbs for Miss Olotu. Allan was asked to arrang~ appropriate times,

Francisco Eduardo asked that a gradui'.1t,,, Grdgorio Gonlo10, be offerud a placa Jn the COUl·S., in Spanish ae CIA'!" 'l'his was ACCEl"!'lW i.\nd to proc0ed.

f 1"001 Angola I mul tidL¡c:ipl in" Alien was atik"d

'l'he n8úd fOL' tL'aini!.l.g: fOl' ~_;w.J.2:.ili..tIld wa..'S "t.h~;)H dl: .. H,;ul-Si",U'.!.

Mushi dnJw ti t t',nt ion to "pportun i Ly at e J AT ¡¡,j""].¡q,, rt., I'S, W i th p<)sslbl", valuu to ;¿odwé> Mi'.Illlba. ¡wd I1kand"wi.,... .,nGouL'¡;g",d Lid", lt Has CONCLUDElJ that a suitable opportunit,y b., ,~ou,:¡ht for MIss 11¿Ifl,b¿, at CiA'!,. Allen Wd.'> aL;o remind.,d (,1' ti,., [¡",,,,ti t,o find f,

t,ím<.l lUu'Lually convbnienL for !1rs 'l'handiwú Nl"Yé<'" trdinin.r íll microbio1egy at CIA'l' , as alr0ady approvect,

Mullla-Mi tti thought thel't .. ",,, B n,,'H·d rOl: another course for technicians, Allen drúw attention to t,h.; oxist,ing plan 1.0 ¡'UI. tt

COUl'se aimed at graduat. agronomtsts/socioeoonomista durina 1990, él pro posa 1 (Appendix 11) on whioh was raques ted a t th'3 o t,h se, 11.. I-Iafi propoht',d t,héJt t~ht5 C()Ut'hH he huId j n Anthha in th" pUl'iúd ~:l May"lb Juno, lYíW and off",1"oO \'0 lb'<:u piJrLi.~,i}"Wt.b, lL w;i!ó

nütud th,,,t the"", di-lLeS would probably OV,;1' l;tp 1-11 t,]. t.h,~ "uc:u¡,u ph~tf~U 01' L1." UI' lUid '1..;/'111 ruvi.)\,¡, Al L,m ;¡;:;};"d l r 1.1.,; :'le :;;,w ¡bt" üs aH undt=sirabte cunl'ljeL ond ¡:yki""Jtl r(spJlt;:d LhhL lhl¡, W,:¡;;:¡ lii"I?J'i t .... bd a pusitiv(;l advant¿q!.~j in Lhat tht::1 j":()Ur,'~~~lj Wt.ltd.G prvvid<.: i1ft

e.pportUJi1t.y ior lnLI:r¡_lct.i0fl lH:~t,wl?tjn Lht7:;: pC¡1'L1I';ilJ;,lI1L;:) ;titd :..!¡;; t'.-...J'Ii~~w t.U-.::.tfll. KvJ:;tlilmth,JL<-.. r._~i L';r;\L.;d tbi I /,LJ'I; .. ~.;íll¡: tl¡;,L ;;¡\i:(;i1h'. liked rt-~vit-~w LU(';;:niti Lu :.uu Lt'di,uiul;~ lu ¡.tl..;! JuH, '1'11.; ~;\: r,,;qu,:;,L.;'¡

tJltj l\t':q~jondl CUi.H·'Jindlol' tu il~)tlty ~'~ACCAI~ .,1' Ln'J lit" ~~ ';'¡i¡llhJ L'H,n¡I.:.,

ill r.;vlt...;\</ plalJ!d.Hg (NuLu : C¡.Jjllud LWUflLU ¿q'!JI"..fYI;.d tJY :~t; dtn

in Work VIi'.1D, A~Ptilldix GJ,

lü: tI': rl. llJi-,/: t.u Ltlt.J

V~.;llU(j ó.nd IH.Hnlh:}t';;:; l-'t'('i'\!"t:<Í L:'·ll "j ni.: " 'lH';,I, I t il' d, LlJ'

Wt;j ,loe At'l~l,¡ JVh:V. W 1 t,f¡ p,. ¡ t' t 1 ' . ¡ i.>dlll :~ "" ¡ ;¡.

alJ.ocal,;d according to p,:q'c"iv.,d lll."',,i by r;"ur¡Lri(¡'i, i,b foIl,),,:.; t1W (:¿), WlJ(::J). Z~I (1). MU ll), AN (0), '['í', (4), lA) (:¿) ,",,1 'L,A (O), It was furth"r noted that r650urce p,H'¡,ons woul.d include l"yth national and re¡:¡ional so:, Í6ntísts.

Attf:Hition Han thtJf1 drawn lry f'vll~¡dldawl l'f1 Lo do propuhdJ (ApP6ndix ,1:¿) to holJ an aphid id,'mtificatlou COUrse at liunda, il':i

an extensiorl -to thü u!\ i.éjtin~( SUb~-Pl·O..ir-1cL ún ZiÍ:)ldub. bfh-.JC1 tJ!.)

id'311ti.ficati',n was both impol:tant and quil.', dittlGli.J,L, and ti,,",',., Ha;;) él nl.."1cd ro!" 5jJt:.1cl(i! 1St.. tratning', U~.'i lhg trnj ~pt;(!ial i ~-, L

kt¡()wl"dg", vi V,L', A, Autl'lquu l'l'VIl\ HUJ'uud¡, I"lki'¡I\.lawll'''; ,¡¿¡ ld Ll .. d. tI,,; Univ<'ll'sit:r ut MéI,l<i> .. i w0uld nol ehE' .. g," 1'01' ¡"bOI'atory u~"J ",ud a total cost oí USD 5,OOU was all that would ha 1'6quirud, This W¿¡5 AUCl¡:PTED,

A l'dc¡uest W¿¡5 lfI¿.d" by Mlllil¿¡~,t1itti f,,!: a g.raJu<lt,e t,ralI1illé( C0ur:;.,; 01'1 b,,;,u¡ brCJ';LllLl;J dUl'lng 1 >381, TllU :.ie ~UF1'lJl\'n:lJ t,l1", :-... ugge;jtion ilt pl'iuc:ipit::.l (,túu .l"t. .. Hi,U¡..:.:St.t;;¡J t"hat ct d~;La.llt~d PC(Jpo!:.i¿d th"~

sLotbmit..t(j(i to t.h{i Uth l_j.C~ Pl'I":;.t~'1l'dUly as á P¿.lH Alric-q cvurct'".j LbaL ineludt:1d a mUllí tOl'ing tour. Th<l con ti;H1t, should in.::.lud", :i"",j

h, .. tfHJ1 J Ut!. .dud d.J:Ld IUdllHI·{111H4IHL.

(lLl¡ l{",w i;WI,Lü'i.lLL<211ti IQJ.: !;l<JiAf.1"ud,l.: '¡':JI' .. !."C'!,u';." ,,tl t.I~!,! 1lI!.1:Lltu: 1>;t Y~"d, .

'fhe Chairman abked tht1 Regional CoórdinútoL' to rúlllir,d mdmbel'fó oí th", PC,tri.tlo11, Alhw baid tt¡¿¡t prOVÜ,I,)n tl'''.! uc,un ¡¡¡",.le,

in i.t .1'tJ(;t;:lnt. :ct;jviblon uf t~bt:J li1' budgt;::t fO,l' vnü mOt'~ !;1, .. :1i\..I.lu.n.iliip ,tt. thIQ Diati Lt:;r' 5 lt::vel, Sln....;~ 0.11 ~(ih\J.l¿u:~;¡ t.0 datd lH..\.d ,)pt~;J Lu at:tdnd uni vtJ.rsit, iü5 (Jvea'Sú<:tti (USA 01' ~Ur0p(J) l'Hthtd' tha. t to tlPP I Y lO-(!é.111y ,W1 t,hiu t..ht,j l:~t;:.lOn, !l:;vH;:r ::.chol(jT:--~hips ,..:~)uld bq 1.",ÁPU,..;l.d'.J frulfi 1,ht::J avatlClblcj .fundti.

On uf.::Ilng átikiJd by tht;;; Chail.'fU6n fu!' lh.HlllildLi(Jh::i, ~tu~Jlli puL forward thB !H.1I11G of tir. ~imon Slumpa j tht;J tHJL')U1oL·)¿}l::·¡t (.Ih !ti::: t,""lh blls8J in Aru>\ha, i!td.iGat,ill~ th ... 1, h" >1i:;I¡"d rd,,, te> ¿lpply tu an Amt7:ri'_~dn UHiv~.r.si ty to work on b<;;b.!lt Ly. ~~"ófldd\>ii 1'(..1 üud Kwalambuta " ... eJ. askdd why hlJ sh0uJ el "ol 2tpply 1,0 " univu['sl t,y within 1,h" regiün; Mushi rapiiad t,hat he b",liClv,ód tl¡¿¡t l¡ü"t pl,,,,L ri:'Jslstanci::.l Lüchnolol-!}r was sup'::l'iuc ouL~.·;id(;. 13l'~rúr-t; di~lt~:H;'.:,j¡li~ furtht;:¡r", the Ch<.tlrn.¿Hl ':H,;kt_h.l jJ thur~.;J \'¡-\.:I}''-; tjUJ'1í~ '-]nf1dtdl.lL •. ::~, . .10111. Pal:l-~)hikhulu s;'lid Lt,at ()fH..; slot shuu id bú r'Jbt:-:.:l'VfJd fol' ~;.W¡;::; i l.At!l.l (NOt8: nOmitlctti('J"1 t11~. NOl'man z. :';imEd.{jfH1, ~1:;e in L':".Hl hr·t.H.;(~lflJ.:.): t-td:s Wi:.t:.;, fH ... Ct.:;fj by' Lb!.'! cvmmit,Lt~{j- él:-¡ dt::¡ir.oblu¡ l_!élt'I..i4;ul,Af'J.y

becau$t3 no OPP,)!'tunitit;.L~ for tl'dinin/:f had bU'ln giv.;n. tI) ~\'yht::.:i 1 Ll!l>J.

by t}h-; HP prdv.iúu!.;;ly. Not,ing h(H"/tJVI..1t' tb,..;L iHlly uu.) 1,1..';<;1-; Vi,,;, '~H

off"r, Mw,hi iH'gU8d Ior,:JLLJly i'olr tIlO Sl.ll'p.)l'L of !HUlllPit, WhU!.,d

rfjs0arch proposal was made avall"ble. l1uJ.iJa~'¡'1itU ¿,Lli;I!.",'il:"d that !3·1ump21 bl,-:! t.:Hlcouragí'":d to ·lo,:.!..: ror OPPol'Lurd.tit-:f} wl thiít Lll¡~ t'\JiT,l,l)n, i.¡lld Al LOIJ .,..¡)\1 U¡¡;\L ¡;HLtlil!I'¡jP/.(,;,l,:¡ \},,{'\.: fdt'!H;¡,:t!,: ¡tI

h \vj flj{ Up.' 1\!d.)l"U) j'"l'Oll.r'lntn¡U ¡.d. ¡el ¡'¡'; d~ ,)!,¡~ :.>lt';, ",' I i ,-, l \:~, 1, '(, : I ':'

1\ t t ¡' /¡, .' .. , ',1 .'i , 1, ·L , , , j I \','1 , " ,:1" ~ ! , l , i\

" ¡ !, , I ¡ , , , ,

! " I " I I ,/, < ~I d' i I ,,:11 , .. , , , \ ¡ ¡ . '1, 1 I

, ¡" , :,! ',' , .!' ", .. , ,

financiaJ silu¿,¡LlüH ¿¡rod tu ;j\.~':tIllll.Ilj~- Lh~;, ,,'>t/ 11 t::;. L l' lll;' uanclidat""

1 t WétS no ted thi-l t pI alls procüed Wt1 ti r (J:: Lhu lt.jglW¡t.: V L ru,.:, HOt'kill-/-S g:r:(A.lp) Lú bd run JCJtlltly Y/it-h 1 J'l'}\ in lJ1:sc..tIl,L. :th ,j'lIli',¡I'Y

HnJIJ (Al!l!"ndix l~), t-l""Linlés 01' ti,,,, Crüppin., :';yslelliS dad :;",¡j ¡'\:H"1~ility Worl~.i.J¡,e-~ Gr0Uptl l i1... Wi!,fj noLf':ld} ltit~l'~;! t·1rui!\X;,,·\1 1,,-, j.\: ilt'j,1

111 N¡,irubl in l'obl'U¡'l"Y lOJ~U. 'l'bu CUl'IH1'¡"l'j';¡'; i\C;¡';I':IW LlLIL 1I, ,i '"

iluJJortunt Lu Pl~OU8~cl with th(;j;5t;:;J uuL iL h:EUI~'l'J~H~,> 1'1':"; l)l~>l'LiU!;~~jh:l':

(lC Lhu lac:k oí' inft..~rnlGttioH OH WhdL tht..15t: w0rkiug' gTl.)U,P m~;uLi ltt~;,,,

will éutail, 'rllt~ Rdgional Cooi"dinator W.=t!:$ al!:'>\.) l."t ... UJindod LJ¡cd~ UI0

l'!'ü\.!t"t'HJlng'b 01" Lhd dr'~ . .Iui:;.ht..- WOL"ki.ht( ¡Jl'úllp \-h;t';j :~,t.lll :lh,'11 L·;d

0u [JL'I)PO!:;;:t,ld

thu ::JC suitable

l}fjin~ <.i.skud.i1' .rul .. t.liI:H~ W0J'}-t.,:-;}¡t)P;,¡ \,\,;r.; t/l't"l,~d I tL¡"')'

L.1tuL cl W.)j·k:·;ltúp (lB WtJlJí..L~ Wu~ imp'.¡l'L"luL. 11" \'+..1;, ,1:,1',,< ,1 ¡)y

to dl'<.;tl't LUí apPl.'(),priat,í1 p,cor.'\;!)¿--tl, wrJich :;hu\..lJd iH:tI'.i;

links with Kast Atrics.

Tht..1 ChiJ.irma.u u:'lh'JlJ fo,' nUj~t.{lJ¿..¡tjofl:'" AI1!~fI l"lp! ¡'JJI th;¡! '1 l'a!! AL rica l1uul tur lug t,'Jur ul L.bt,; Kdgur." ¡!el:.,. i 1I ,)1 ',-hJ: ... L.J f"ll

II'anz(",;tnia, wetitl:':1rn Uganda D.JJ.d HWitnd¿t y/i;t:::i plann·>d 1,0 bu hu J d Ul t,heJ pur-iod oJ 12,,21 NOVf;>IlIbor, l:-HHJ, a::::¡ folluH~ up t-(¡ ,H. inJ l.1":1Liv\-! fi1.·tilr V .. t::0b->()stjU ¿,¡,L t,l!tj ~:HJ ;~C tIIl.Jl.Jtjnu. 1\11 vuLliuu 1.:) .. lL,;I;!l,;d (App.,ndix 14) . Tho COt1t11 'l"l'h:l( NUTE!) tha t eh i s tOtU' r",1 ¿¡ cdd closely to thu inttl1"crop Súl'V,;¡y 'IV;.! pl,'llnud, addilll.\ !.hid, j t Wd!¡

obvlously imp\)rtant LO '1'':'J.flzaHia. lt .shí,juld pr-''')(~'.::>,..,)J. [,>,H~<..;ndawiró Hsk"d that a tOÚ,( report O.., pl:eS<Jn cuo at thu U t.h se,

'1'1'1(,,,, Gha .irman asked t,bfi! Heg iuna t Cool~d 1 na t(.Jl" td E5 t~ l't" l1u b't~g'nn Ly dri.-1.Hi,ug the attc:ntiorl of Hlt0mbtjJ's 'Lo -Lb,,: f~Urllmal'Y i H h LL r(lpurt (AplcH.:ndix &) tha:r. bhow;.-; tlU.lt. al] (lrd,';i';-;) <J.J'u bl"lUt!,' fIl,~L

Wh-:l t furt~het' t Lt--ims dl.'fJ t't,-jqu i rljd: J>-1u::.;hi ::~':'1. i d t,hd L Lhd '1'·~\n~:;)tl i d

lH'(lt¿T,'10tlHI:1 nt..!t"';;d~);i 1I)¡,1:::.t,1l1-'1:; Illui.,l'<".J, ¿,¡ r~:,~-,,j"I'lpitd' oUJlt! :-,lrl "¡':t't.t't(·; LYlh;wriLt:Jl', I\t.iqn l'Q1Ufon;tjJ tll!:~ ~.,/ pULntlug '¡lIt Ltlnt t("1 1:1':1--: o t hIJU5i ng ful' tho NI; P!'t:;:Vt:::n Lt.;d i.,iJ.o:1 i r Iu\)Vu tu Aru.::dld ¡ ~¡J!l ~ t·,; a,C!Ct1;::;:;-;-; W¿H-J aV;:.ti.ldbLH to SlH~h ~-!quipmt,"1nt. 'l'h.~rt_; \tia:", d, {¡',"~~:;d f,.'Í~ ;·',(JIl¡lj dupJi •. ;.:ttl')(l ,)1' oJfl(~!) 'JQuiIJ(¡L'Jl¡l, in 111~) iliL';f'\;¡'I. l{t¡;:ÁI~lH;lH¡l,,1 rt:Huln(jt;.td Lhe ~.:C litdt ')nt.~ (,f L)¡t-j huy j"',.l.;:-, (),t t,h ... : I,~i) (-J,q:~ Lu

:-jtrt-~rigth8n NpJ ti ~!H;kl 1:~'1U i Plllt-;Elt. I¡-,;.J~~ l'dl'l í.d !;LH.:h

":::tr-¡)flt::~thtJHi.ng", U\J.t i,Jk1rl:1, m;t,l th.~ lltlí;J t';,: . .Jl .. l'.Hl;) fuJ' Lh .. ;i j' lII;dn1,q[1;:~IJ(;(~. 'l'llt::l :;C AC:J~El';P T() j'Ll\Cl~~ l)N hj';Ci IHtl LI¡"t!, h'I):.1. NI)! ;-, jj'

Hut bi~Vt;;; ddf~qudte t't~:::~our{":t.:!E. wi t-1J wHi....:JJ L() Ult:r;;L U'.'l'lll~:¡ i '.Ji".;l','¡ 1.1 r~g cu.';t.!) (Whjl.:h Ci-H¡lJ(l1, IJu ¿iddr\:~J;,ud fll'!)!":f'ly II-Y t !¡t. 1~I'j

GUppL.¿;IneHtctr-y bl1nLurdl :SUPI>crt. .L~~ urgf:;ntly tll.~uLk:d. t'1,üiHL\.~ll,..tih:U C,.),s:Ls r6pl't:H:tent (:1 potf;nti;J,l rLrHiu OH t-bt'J t't.:g'lun.:-:¡L .sy:~Lt:IJ¡.

[,'1' lIt' ¡ ,,1-:" I',~'¡i.i ot'·l '

( thn . .-Illf-!.li Lit.,; 1\1) } ¡) t: alt,imt;t.-a·~.; 1'Ut· AnLr,.li¿::t

,1, 1 ;,

l.écJI(Jj".IVJ: l'

(:;",,, ¡\()U -,f

1 1

.1 I I !

;:q'':'U't!;ll IJhd·'I·

GLh ~'·C NiHil!.',',

\ '.\-' , ¡,

tnd

J ; ¡

·¡II 1

! ;',1 ¡ ! I - ¡

t'litti reiteratou th'j Z,llllbian n",ed for an a.I.t.imHL",' ¿wd él :;:uud

store~ It WU5 (;i.g¡'t:H)d tllat the t)Xi;:i\.:;t uouó<.t::.; 1nv':-Jlvud in tlH:::

establishment of an 5,,,,,,d stor" a1- t1b,"kura ",_'uld be dcd,unal,wd durios tha RC's Vibit early in 1990.

Pal i - 8hikhu lu QHkGd thd ~ui.:ion.::.t 1. Coord -tu¿t'l,or t,o tj('j~;jk sptJcifiLlatl<)n:; für théj following" ituíUL r·.:.l<,llti.1.·od by ~¡v'dz;ilaHd : a bulk thre~har, one precision bal~nce, a ti0üd Ilriur. 2 altimbtar:;: and 2 knupr;uok f;pr"y<:I1'';. Amanu :¡¡üd tltilt Muz¡uubi'JllU aLio raquast",d ~ altimetars, and Franei"co Eduardo added tlwt F~rm61inda C. reyuires culture ffi..,dia (l:'DA). Mas,;uy r",affirmúd that he would 5snu specifieatioDS of tha I,hrasher alld saed drltir [,,,'so tho r<Jqui ro,; .

12. Afrlca llflim Prize : nomina1.iolls tor UHW

'l'ho Chairman asked tite f¡"gional Coordinator to give tiw posi tion. Allen l"t"lmilld"d m8mb"r.~that t,lw no¡r¡j rWH put ron.,,, "el f¡'om th", ~;AlJCC n,c(ioli i!l 19t1tl b,.d been Nr. ¡';pimuk.1. Koil<l!liJ.u,

w!lose mUlle could 140 forward :>.r'" i n if t,hélt, was th", se' s Yihih. Mkandawir" asked that JJr. 0.'1'. Edj,,'s nam." again be put forwu1'<1, in l'ocognition 01' his cont,l"ibulloll to Lit", Nr' in M1.tlawi, !>lld

MUl3hl propoliied al'jo tlH> Dama of Mp¡. B",·tty Gondw'3 írolll 'I'dll""nia.

13 . .IHec·tlon oi Chal rlllall and ven ... ,., foe 8th Be

lt L":;ütho t.huught:. c<"d"c;t"ct.

notect Lhat aUJong tit" SAJ)t;C eoualr 1"" only Ant;u La a¡,u not hOtiLed un se 1tlttititlg. l!'r,;tnci~~:;(j 1!:t1uc..trdt; l¡i,tjd ljt;;

WUti rH"dUidtUl'd 1.,0 t.t.:Ilt;;ct. An!~ol¿.\. t·t·.t.'~ql·U \-/d.::1 dUt~lly

UII cOf¡:;idorlugtiJ¡¡jng, lll", h",¡¡lonal C'J'''L'dill<lL"l' i,,¡k,·;,J i t' ¡n",mbtlrs '" tlll wan t,,,,d to húid two IrIuetin¡!,s d y ",'u' . Kwa 1. wubú·La 5é\id 'Lha'L much u,;., was made oí th", !:lC Minut."s in SADCG whü.c",ill t,/¡ey aro L'o¡!,u'd",d él" a valuiAb t" rlOQUlIlclll t ; i t Ha:.; illlpdl"Ldfl L t.o Ct.l1it,inuu IItt;.:t:J'tillg "twlct:J. A.llttH üdJ:tJd LhuL l;lAT bd.d lJt;f~Il./¡

oil'Gulating th" Minul,,,,s morú widdly albu illUOI¡g U1U e1""u!' eommuni ty rrolll whom appr<'.lei utÍ<)[¡ had bbclll X'ue" i v"e1. ;;yku'" suggE;sted tbat tite tl Lh ~;c be. timed to a110w an úbSol Ye=.<' :t rum LiI" ndd-t.hl'Itl r6Vl.ow"lo attdnd : this wúuld g.i vu l.ü:il:1ful e;;'''1:Jú;.:¡urd t,o t.hú wO!'kin!J5 of tl.t~ Líe, as wt,;ll d.5 an OPPOl'LUllity Lv muuL Ni'" ltladúrs. 11'his wu.s WL¡,' fUll' ACCld)jl'l~f). 1 t \"¡~tb .vropo!:h:Jd l1HJ. é.lgr0:t;;d lha t the {j U, He b", h"ld ov,,!':.J day" in ",al' 1.)' f:J",rch. 1 U:;U (t,untativE,ly 4-7th) with é\ fi . .ld vlsit, ineJu,l"d in Lh" <'1c,,,,,,L.

WiLh .. "gard to Chairmé\n6hip. Kwalarubot", núted Lhétt ti", ¡;(: Wd5 now Jout, of !::itapl wit,h ('hairrUt.;fn in c;;-;l¿'.s:Li".n t4' b,);,L\nf~

country, aud t,hUt. C0ULri:1ry Lv Lht;1 ~)C gu.id1.Jl1u.",!.~. Aituti :C",-.tid cJldL tht:;i ue b¿ld l'6COí'5Hi;::tJd Lhik..i hau ho.ppertuJ ilt..:l.; i.du.nt.a} j y bu l lh'l L m~lI1bers had come to r,.;:dlis6 this was useful. bL1Ci..tU50 chainud!t "t.tt

hl,)mt::;¡ J werf'J oft..(:n 5ubject. to ottlt?:~r prfJ5~Hlru!-j. 1 t Ha:. Alih:El':ü Lh¿.iL thtJre ~iaz no reEtJ;:;OH to (jdju~;t. t,o bri 1I1Z D,xck \-~Il.t ¡ l'i:Lll"I;,h i fi i lIt.d

t;;'1..~~: Hittl VIJI¡U.-;, f"U.¡~í ;',,¡ly,¡-.-l {1;llttlld \';,'1:, ,1,1< J.i ,:]._,'1, ,¡ ¡J. 11'" ••

(¡h,¡11 r'fHdfl (,f thtJ :.}C.

14, Any othar bUtil.n05S

(i) Alhlll bn>ught te tr.;:;·-:.;-;;tiJntiuu of w'JlIlb'JI'!, ;. !l.)"lc", 1'n."1I the 00cial 5ci6HCt:j .k"!:it;Girc!¡ Cuuuc11 ádVtjrLiti iH~ ()lJ1>u,t~Lull i t:it.1ti t

and thi", notice WaS giV"H to KWcdua!uota JOI" lJACCAh,

( i 1) Kwul &llIbota ÚtikbO to reGord Uw n""d fOL' uJ ",arel!" prdsentation oí t1l<:l J:Ü' budget position in futur." se m",,,,tings, All,m noLú(j this.

(ii11 Muli1a-Mitti put forwal'd an applicaLion froa! M,', Martín Mbewd t,o att,6nd t,h~:j Bt:.lLín IloprOVi;HHt:;11 t Cc»')pt~rn. L i '/t~ (151 e) metiting Lv be h.,dd in Clil¡¿¡ú¿¡ ,,1I01't1y. 'l'htu Wu:; Jl."cu",,",,,d. 1 t was r<;H:::ognizt;:¡d t·hat tJ'H) d"';Yulüptlldnt ()f inLurnüt L(l!ta J ti lik,:q';";;'-;, .... :. wi th tha HIC, wus valnabl"" bu 1. i L WU:3 0.1,",-, ¡¡ot"d 'tI", L M1', Mb,"w" had on1y just returl1Elrl t.o Zambia frorn th<:l USA wh" .. ,; hél had bee!! OH t.ra in.\ ng. l'ht; .t.'f3qUUb L W61ti H.h.'J EC'l'ED hy tll(i ~:C.

(iv) Mu;:;11i rül~~tJd Lho lL,;;Uu of "oul"uJ' lHJI!kíJL" loJXPU1L"tl:-,.

Are J.'atos usad by th", 1:1" in accord wí th GACCAk '1 How W,"!,,, Lhey set '? Alion s&id ·that 1::1.., rat", of USD 10/day hile! buc,n ,·;;,t at tJ¡" first ~;C 1Il".,t.ing 01' tlw lCast.tJrn Afrh:a prdgranl/lIc' In Addls AbLlb,'j in 19U4, in r(~cogni tio .. ¡ uf the nt)t..,d th¿1.t parL icj pants havt-J ü

little élxtra ca<lh In rwnd durin.,; "",tinté:.: aL wlüeh tul.J. bOill'U wc.', paid. AlIan addúd that erA'!' had recoglJ'í 7..,(1 th" hó"d to ;.5'Ldntl¿irJizu tH,LitJulnunts élCl'O;-iíi i.LH p.t.'Ugl'dhllHííl. tri Aft'l\;d. d!I.~J this was now normal pract,icú, K~lalarllbo'ta en.:ouragúd tlw USu oÍ the UN rato oi p<:lr dlern, thon 'lending tar your~6Jf'. fhi" wc.s éin intt,:jrna"tionally <.1000v1...-.::H-1 riltt:1 iAud g"L\Vü gt'tJ(JL(~r· t't't.H::Idon¡ to tht:l individuid, Much d",bat.", follow<Jd. P"li-ShikllUlu ndti<"j an objection to the adoption of the UN rata : visitors to a country are olten gU8ats oi governrnant, and lsaving pclopl.., to 'fend f0" th"mselv<'ls' can pose a stcurity,risk. The ~>C AUl\EElJ that CJAT ano ~:¡ACCAh: be éwk",c! tu di'aft, ,"ecornmendation,¡.

']'110 mt;",tintl WiH; clo'é..,d I,t l1.UU a,m O!l 10U. (,"'t.úbur, Ll."",,, be10g !lO íurther busin.s5.

" h ,.

¡ )o' .;

.' {

I

t r "

APPENDIX 1

l.' lNTvOouCT l0" ,,~,' A 0 ¡: N u ~

1ST ~.DCC NCGrO".~ U~ SAT~~LrTE. HENL (tlAII',

1.' L'.D(liIHI1CI,T t'1INlJTtS ~Th ~( ".:' ''¡¡''"Tf.S úTI' se ~J M.TT~N~ AN151N6 ~.' NLGJ tOONuS Nf~n'ITlwuNK~LAN 'J "Al COUNDS MiPS ON wtS~ANCII PRDGNESS, h.' N P POli '1 " A r T S : S W A 1 1 Lid, ¡) 9,1 1/(6,' COLLAfJ.' "($.' ,UIJ-lckOJ tU S

A,' f Ji'¡ ~" e 1 A L ~ L P:; ¡" u ¡~ f1 A li\ .H h,' IH" h¡ íJf' ü $A L S C',' H" f'f l'1 E " T S

1 i)" T".I"I';('

u e P'¡-j Il t.-;; \J I ;) 11 o fJ IS JI Tf"TÍ<Tlv¿

A~ NEw APPLICNIPNO~OSAL5 5110WT~T[YN T"~¡NINb

U,, HPlrc" Voy I'IA5 rc',s 5(110'.AI/ C'.' Nf~ w/S"fl~ ANO l'IÜN1Ti¡¡' l'IIOI'ú5'd,'~ ~p NLE05 GrNMPLA5MllÚN5~LTANClfSJhlW 1, (1 N 1 N A T 1 o ¡.¡ S 1 'l ~i '1 A t,1 IH A" H t $' .' p" 1I l vflH;Uf1.CLTIl¡h (nA •• nIAI; hin ~C Alhl

'.

i\PPENDTX 2

REGIONAl, PROGllMIHE ON hEA1W J ¡¡ f:OOTHEHN AFIncA

Juno 19 ,El

DI' Dün~l~311 P e iqa D"partln"nt of erap E:clenc8

Univ.·.n; L'ty oi 7, Lmb,¡)o\'IU PO 1)QX NI)) b'¡ I Hount Ple,,1;:~~'il1t

H;lr~ll~o

L, iJhb~lJ:)~¡e

BACKGROUND

Hcans are extcnsively grnwn in the Soutllcrn Arrica Dcvelopmunt coordination Conforencc (GADCC) Region by bo~h small and largo Reale farming scetars.

Largc seale producers tend to soll their eropa soon after harvcst to central marketing institutions who are equippcd with mothyl bromide or phosphino ~o fumjga~c the erop as it entera storago, I{owevor, small farmers oft.t°!l1 W:1nt to try ¡¡nd ston:l re.latively milall amount.s oE bOilliS ""; a use fuI protL:lin sllpplernúnt to theLic Htain1y c8real or 1'001: crop diets froro season to "uason, 'lh", c;·rop then fal!;! at risk to dttiícJ, n"om t".lli' h"i'!l1 I,<"'CV i 1 f; l\c.~nthoscel ides obtectus anc1 7pt,hrot.f~s sllht'é'l~,:iCi.\tl¡'·~, ",hj eh :l C'¡h'¡~; f,\rm-ern-t-;;~ltor';--,~n~¡;Tior qURnt-iti ':;';'th,,-n Üeir' Lm, i 1 .l0r: ('"n nutritiomllly bcmsfit fron!. 'Ibi.s, ¡1(ldc-d to thG d:,mar/l' tn rh •. ' quantites stored, represents an area where research cou1d potent­ially directly contributo to improvements of hOllsnho!d rooei sncurity amongst tho rurHl poor.

I'lhile the bruchids 2.. ~llbfª-f>cLi'L\:.1l?" and 11. obl:.e.ctus are undQubto<llV oco!",omlc P¡wi:¡; 01. j)P,1Ií p¡-"'!::;.l:loll iJl ::AI1CC, ,¡u 11",y are world wide, little i8 know n 0f tho seriousness of this detr<\Ctor from food (..;ecurity'1.n SADCC. Likp. othor cconomicill.1)' important bruchids (C,tlJ . .Q';.Qbnl<:Chllx, spp.) Z _ ~;lJbf d;;ci "t.\l.." and A.- gJ¿t_e_º-t~l,tf:¡ can reproducfe both in the field c,;rop while the BO(~,:h, are still enclOSed in the pods, and during storage. This st.udy wi.l1 set out to Bstabli¡¡!l tho ecology, ,-;pec}.,-,,; compo,;.i i: i (¡!l,

distribution and species interactions (competition) as well dS

luvels of infield una storage infestations. The need for thlS information has alrei'idy )).-,el1 eGtablir3hcd throuqh an inton::l.vU lit~,raturB revü~W' in relat.10ll to tl1e SAOCC Hegion. O"sp.Lto the dl>sence 01' quanti t:a ti ve i\f.::¡eSSments t.hera are sever,ll j r"l í Cil t.n,." o[ significant economic losseB by small farmers. It is al so likoly that f.inld infent.¡tion lcvels VlilI be uj')ni.fic<lllt. "", trequently, \/hat appoar t:o be \,llol,lsome seeds dt, t.he po.Lnt: 01

threuhing contain the developing 1,¡rVile v/111ch quj ckly m\ll tip.ly in !;itQríFJe ~

The ability of bruchicts to undargo many generations on a sin<]1 El 80NI !loureo, until the tood is exhflust_cd, ls well kno\<lil dnd con5uquent ] evel:, 01' dcuua'JC\ al·e woll document.",) in d'-L-''':' otller tha.n SADCC.

De:c.pite the previlll in,! sitlj ... ~.LCJn i" Sl\DCC t,haL lan)e Lo,;""" dnd short ~torage perlad:::; c,)u:;n i.) J1\Eljor con!:;t.rzi,int to thc' ava i 1-ability cf legumos for consumptJon, mothods of post control hnd ecfective stOr.f.J(JÜ llave be':on slow to emprgo, Ciisv/olJ (l':JilH) showed that traditional m0thods ot Rtorage on llntrcated cowpeas and boans has lit,t1e eff"ct on lo:;ses (Taylor 1981), She111m; and fumigation are the technicftlly atfectiva solutions presently availóble but fhc [ltorugo Atructures in Ut38 I darH)pr;:; to opor,l t-O!'~;

3

of U~3ing phor:pbj Ih:' ar;(l t:l)C~ potC:~t- ~:tl for ctt!Vt31cr;;;cnt of r(-[; 1 st,an,:f' ¡ililitate agair:~"3t thlL:í ~Jith S¡!\uj_->- J,...(lr~",L.!.-::~. f"l¡:;l{t ·.int\::~~~t.;·\t.i(;n~ nlso tc:nd 1'0 bo hiqil, nfLpn b(:r(~u:-:n cf rJl"- r\r(J>;'~Ii\ity o, ;,,;h:Jrc:,; h.~ l~r.DpH, dLi ll,u, t.H . ..:t~n ¡;]lOI,.vTl \1ith tI lo: ,·b}"i¡cl.¡,.' itL:U~lli,\J11:' in Niqt'.:l:i,1..

Vegf:;:tablc~ 011:1 hd.vO h(~cn t(-;~,L~;d (inrl found (',ff"c-ct.lvc. a:l protnctants of (j:r~1.in lCljtUIl(;f:, lor i n:;#\.-.d;ICC, l,,¡lnl (J'j 1 f COCDTlllt

01.1 i cottonse¿"!d 1 (J roundnut., seSfl1U0 I cús ter 1 r...tptd::.;eed and mustard ojl~1~ '11h1.;,,: 1;-¡ \¡idc':lpn::,H~ pr,!c'i:ic.t': in ;Zl~~lli ií;llC!¡¡C(-I, Hiq(~1~j,\ ,l¡-1d

India Vlhcr(~ about. ~:. m.!. ¡'),:1' J:l1oSJrdnl.ll;~( u1 :,·t':Jl'l.:ld ~;C:Udl but J.~; not.{ as far a¡;i can bc; ¿¡scL~rt.",inüd, u~;ecl in thl:: SADCC Region. Laboratory é1nd on fnrm tria) n i·tl"e thl~·t"c:f()ro f)0("r1(~d to ti,:-:t" d(:mon;.:;;tr~lte ¡¡nd c:xt(!nd tbi::.: t>~H:hno·J\.)~JY Lj' 1t. i;~ t) .t{lv~lI'l.t,tlJ(;.

Becauso of tho importancc of cost. eff8ct1.Vr: il;uchjd contro] ror small ;;cd.Lr~ f,-li'niel,':-:, wo¡~k :¡t. CJ1\T !~; ,:c)n:."t·ntr·dtl}¡lj 'in producing consumer accüptablo variütie~; \Ji th bruch 'id rüGi í::;t~tnce. Sources of rüslRt~nca haya becn identifiod ~nd s~ffiplGS of nav germplasm, ey arcelin protoin beans, will shnrtly be available for collahorative testing.

LINKAC;P.S AND COLlJ\B0J<NrION

flruchid ent.oltloloqy anrl b""ll1 ston'\Cjo h,·lve tl1e potenL i 111 fOl h i c¡i> ;~i~fnjficrtnCA 1n 1mprovincj food ~";8CUl'it'l J.n r;¡~DCI'-' wh0.rn :~m¿·,lJ fi-cal(! fétrmr,;rs rac(! COHiJHOn pro!)l.(:¡¡;~-~ whiC'h rC~;¡l:~lrch in1oY'J!l(\r inn¡ tr:chnoloqips Clnél r,'cnmnwndilti()nr; r;iln iI!:'>:;ist in rel¡lovinq.

'l'his regional sub-p.!'oject lúll be a collabor¡¡t.ive UndE'.L·­takinq linkin'J th" > •• ':1i·/I.lrsity of Zimbab\Ve, So};oinn Univ('n;ity, IP'-!.n:~i1nia 2lnd lil.ltion,il b[~:·\n profJl'¡,tmmús of So::-,,:llid, ¡rdn?,dni;; zlnd ¡, j mbabwo. HCÚél ti on,·;l1i p" ,Ii tb c!l1t;Olnolog í "le·; j n tllO LiAD,'C r. >'J j on throllgll the f;¡,DCC/CII,T 8ntOntolnqist lvill bE, deveLoped tur tlw col1(:lction of 1.1(-;,:1n tyrUCh;cjH for bioloqic.-tl ¿¡nd t:coloql.:?tl :.:t\.l~L(";; un qt')nq:raphi.l~ f~train~; oc tt;(: díJ:Lct'(:nt_ !:;pP .. ::){~:-:;.

l\n ~TIIporti"\nt. d:,p"-::ct nf thif; \'jork vlÍ '\'1 bu t;lP i ';)'"I',~~ ion \)l ol

n¿tl¡Jork. oí re:-;(~ctl'chHl::f;; collhbot'dt-Lnq on d 1 f J 1:::r>.:LL d .... pC:l.:t:; ul brulchid research anel control. fI particular <iSpl2ct h.,.'re vlOuld bf: the develc:plflo?nt flnd imple.lIIfHl~.-_c\t:loll oi SüJllC! t~t"an(lélrd t~'.t!d nt,<t.hjodology in addit.icn to ;¡Iücli tl,e cxcll¡u''Jé of 10c,,1 9crmpl,.io;W vlGuld be a !lene! f L t.

1'11(j i nst i tut.i 0)\,., J 1 i t¡]Ci;CJUS i 11 tl,.i.;; p ropo;;u.¡ coc,pr;¡·" \ ;.'1<'

LJ rot] 1:' ilmffiE;i el re ;

Ord.V(!f;·;i.t'l 01 Zjml'h(h\r¡l.~ j)¡"p,'~1rLt'.t:!nL ní~ C'rnp ;~ci.(:n(;l!

Ct:op B::-f;f:\,d i.nq IU:.itítutu Z i 1!~:'¡1 t l;iv'ü

Or Martha Quentin Dr SUBan Nchimbi

14r Simon Slumpa

Sokoina University, Tanzania

Tanzania Agrie Rcsoarch Organisatoion (Turo - Arush¿;,)

4

Hr Hohamed Handulle Ninistry oi Agrien] tura, Som~d i él

AHI

'Iha aim of this project is to obtain a detailad knowledga of buan bruchid biology "nd ecology with which to improvc baan é,torage efficinncy amongst amall farmers, thereby anhancing t:hc>lr nutritienal status and food sBcurity.

OB:JEC'oprVES

l. Te identify and evaluata tilA ~nnstrajnt~ to afficient Ilcan starage faced by small SCd~C", farmers in SADec.

2. To aS80SB erap los~us incurred by small farmera through usn ot traditional bean storage.

3. To assess lavals oi infes,tation and specias composition and species distribution.

4. To investigate interspecies interactions (competition) riOproducti ve and competi ti ve abilities of Zal:>fQt:J)S ª,IJ!f.ª!,?pj .. fltl,lJl and A(~,\tlv!';Cqlj,l~,s pbi:.Elot;',t,\)S undc,r controlled enviroDlr.ents.

5. To study in detail, tho comparativa biology of geographically distinct 5t1:'ains of 1:;,. 9l:~tuctl!;> and !-o." f,-ubj'iU';" . .i.11j~ll? ín,l11 vary1ng agroAoolog10al ~oncs.

6. To determino the infestation and damage level!; in bruchid reHistance nurs8ries establ ishüu by collftborrl tort:¡ I v iy. Z iíllbcüJWC; 1

Tdnzani~t and Somalia.

~/. To scrcün J?h~J·;_~oJ~~? qcrmpldsm rrom CIArr, national and reqionül p-rogramwün nnd brLlcid el rL!,' iGt.anco nurser ics.

n" '110 devc] op dnd (?ví:llui'ito ~3 i mp10 dnd eOt~t~ of rect' Jvo iJORn f;l'flr.lC]C;

technoloqies for use l,y SJllil11 scale farmH.r·~¡.

(i) to dl::.:tot'minú t.he c:CC("c1: of po~;t hdr'VC\::.~t d¡-yLn'J lJt.,r(!rT~ thrC!shinCj (optimullI 'hc,:,:;!¡]n(J tin,c),

, . . '

(ii) to inv;,.':Gtigato 't110 eí'f cy of (;,):!,10 v.11s .:lS qraJ.n lequmc. pro~c\~:t::i,l¡'t.;") ":.n l,,"j¡")Ol:, .. tOl'Y 1!1:J t.Z1t!r1 on- fÜL!H tr"-; :¡l~-;,

( Ei) to cvalunte t.hü offlcacy of uJ tC:l:jjdtivc> pe;;t, control ~;tr¡),t.t".~qit~~:; ~:~~tell d:~ th('\ ddmixtuJ'L-: of ,',:',h, i:Ot'pt.lvP c.1U!-j-!~

a.pd p.la.llt pr:Odllct:::i :,uch q., l'ít'vr;'t Zl::' tJr ... lin l'~'(Jnhlc pro toe t,'int ','¡.

ANTIeI PA'l'ED RESULTE> AND B::¡IEFl CT/I.RIES

'l'his "projcct w111 rc¡)rcGcnt th" f'irGt cor.c<'rt·(!cl bruchid l'esr:arch etfort i.n thc SADCe li.c(Jion of \,hich tlle' ll\ilin ilnt.icipated output" would he:

formalisad link!. bctwcen bruchid GpocialistG in SAnee, ilCcuffill1aton of knowlcdgc on the hiology, 000100Y ilnd di;¡tribution of the h/o pL"ovalent q)(,cics of büdn bruoh.icl prevalent in bean storage syGt0la~ in the Regioll an,) thejr COnGtrdjnt¡;:. IJ'h() pl~Oj{'ct would pJ"ovidu d(\t'd un tbe (:fficicncy uf a fj(~lHct ion o t COlitrol l\\easure~~, Ctnd \tlould tacilitat~t:} tho tralisfer of rüsoarch rC':~\ll.ts to (lxt.(~n;:~jon

J>ractit.innnrn vJhile r!(::l:iburdt.f;ly .;0.tt,inq out_ to strc!lvJtl¡t.:,n the SAuce :1. c-searchf!:r ?1nd r!;::seal~ch! (::xt,t::n;~ ion 1 j nkaqt::;s. T'hu~;

bcnüflciarií2:i would inc1.u.i8 }:Hr.all sCi:llc tannc'r;-;, ('xtf:lj~~1\~'1l practi tioners and r(>seachers in SADee. It Ü, t'nv i:"C1(Jetl i:hi1i !~CjC'lli'.JfjG pttb1 lc;d'.l.on:3 w;.luJd (:n~",\I{~, d.nd t·h~.,.t ¡'ul'thf"r' I'L~sl..~al"ch ~tvcnUt~S VlO1...t ln bt'7 ide~nt:iiif.;d .in tile bcan po: t, product.tC)11 ~1y;3:t.r:m;~). A net.H0rk o f bl.)¿L'1 brllch i d I;Jor Ju:r';.; wou.ld be fHlt.dbl Ü;hHd 1n til., Heqlon.

rol F' L' j 10 [JO U)i; '{

11'0 iciontity and eVdludttJ thü con:;;trd.tnt:u te L~J.t·ici(:nt bLdJj };i.~ot·(-lqt~ tQced by ~HHftl-! ;.:~cí\lc. tarmGr~; j.n Sl .. DCC. Thi~, újaqno:-:rjc objc;('Livc: \J ~_11 be acc'ompl i.~:)h8d tl;,r'OUI)~1 (apj d >lppra i::-:a 1 tt:-:chn iqü(~!.: i 11 l!ld 10i' Dr2an cJror,.¡ ln~.r .:tr ¿:ú S j n ltlL~ -rl.::~;püc;t i ve Goun tr ies 01 t.he col1 LtbOl'­citon3. l\. (j\16st i.()nnnin,/clieokL ist: vi Lll be clev iSe'cI to aSGtO r1:,ti n :::"61(:\11 fé1.rlrlf:r bean stor..:¡qt) rnGt~!10ds, (){:~~~ticido u::;c 1 pest t;orlt:ro1 m€a~n~res, quantity 01: bE!:_ln:;; storod fol'" con::;umption ~nd fol' ;-;(\1(' t

length of btonlqc, 1',,1'1o(·.1:s' pc,rccption,; of st.ol"rlc¡e probl"m;;, "te. A tuLJ survey i;; not prc,lOfl8d dlle' to hirJh co;,t,; ¿¡nrj J0'1Ü:tiC211 <;on~.itl'a int ~>.

! . - ,:' l'· 1- I ,., " (:1 r.

tradi tional bcan st.orngc. Sorne nf rl[o id rnwn; ,;01 ectod from obj active 1 would be usad to tll'jae¡-t,ake lo::", dB;;,,,;~'mont ",tud108. Samples will be collected reqlllarly throu~nout tilO normal storagc perlod and will bo asse,;so¡[ fOl: d,\mi.Cjo. \w.i (Illt 10:;8 (lnQ tiw tnsect pest spcctrum as well as changcs in 1n1'o" tdtlol1 "ú th tb,c,.

Object~iv<;l~_l

'['o assess levels of infestation and speeies eompnsition in the ll\i\turing erop and in storil(jr,. Col I (,ction:; 01' ))""n'> y¡i]l h,~ lniHlc

[rom farmars in tlla several dlfterent ¡igroecoJ og ie,,1 z()n",;. Collections oi beans will be mude from tarmer~ 1n d1ffurcnt ,lfJroecological ?,oneé> ~lhich wi11 tbún be incub:tted j n tilo l<lbor¡,tOl'y to c.nnble the spocias conta incd therein to bu id<-'I¡t ir i<,ll. 111 %imbilln-/e / the Departmcnt. ot Agricul turdl 'I'cchnt".\ 1 ccnd Ext.ün,c,ion [¡e('vices (Aqritex) and thc national bean brccodcr \I.ill <I:ÓU.iUl. in the co'llo.cti.on jn r6prut';üntativc dreas. Col1ahuroton;:; i,n t.hedr respective countries may adopt a similar approilch. For il moreó complete picture on specios diutribution cntornologistn in othar SADCC countries would be appro"chod to l11¿lke c011.'-'c1: ü.,nn of ))':;\IIf\

,,,nd insects therein and submit thern to the Dcpartl1\Cnt oí Crop Science, University of Zimbabl-/e, for identitlc¡¡tion. The :,;uccn'w ol: t1dn I pO:lt.ill uur,'''y' w:m la eí"P0.nd on th0. reflponsnn of tha nfltional prog:nunmos and cntomolog Ü1tS 1 n tIlO I"C,! i o".

To investigate intarsp~ciefl interactions (compctition) repro­ductiva and competi ti ve abili ties of {:,,_ f!.H.t:>tªFG.:i&t.J,lS and 8.!- ºJ?j;.-,ªc1;.ur~. 'fhe competitiva outcome and compet.itive "bilitü,s oi the two bruchids would be determinad usinq tha rcplnCl'I1"'Jnt ser ies approach. 1,'hls design quantif ies competo i ti ve interacti on:; and enabIas tha prediction oí tho competitivo out comE' t.o be made after a sinlJIe generation. The effcct of '1pacies int.eractionsj competit .. lve on biological parameters such as oviposition al1(1 dcvelopmant will be determinec1.

'fo study in detail, tha comparativa bioloqy 01' gcoqrélpllic<1lly distinct strains of f,.,- oht;.o-",tqq and 'l .. ,.sufJfascjil from varY:lllq agroocological zom,,,. '¡'IJe- hnlChi dG collect"d trom el i. t fE,rent gE.ographical areac; and SADCC region will be bn"d uncler labonlt.ory eonditions. 1~ese cultures will provido jnsects tal' tho bio-logic41 sturlios at controllcd t,~mreri\turos of 20°, 7.:,0 and .lIPC. l'Cll'<lJlloter:; to be ln"""urc'd Id11 inclurln ,\r1uI1". Jonqe",ity, n¡!,n" oJ reprolluction, ovipof-;itlon pel'io<!;1 1 (~(Jq h;¡tch, lnuu)JdLj\l{) 1H_'1'i(uJ, dovelopluent time éU1d "urvival for strains undcr cU.ffE'rente t"m¡Jer­aturH condltions. 1).1he: ~.,tudief:i :in objúctjv¡~F) i\ and ~l Hit l l'll_tblc a bettcr undnrstanding otO bruchid eco1or¡y ancl ,-üst:ri):)llt.i.oll in ::iADee.

"

'1'0 determir,,, the infn,;t,¡ltion nnd ;)¡1Jni\'}I; lnv,,];e; in heucldd r",dc>t­hncc nnr:::3crjüf.i '~3tab].ir;hc!jt by col.lilbol~,':t(Jl':; v:z :~ünbdjlV/(~1 '1'¿.tn:~(\lií<1 ¡.nel Somdlia. ell\'l' wil1 pl'ovlrh, Inucl1íd l",,;j St.i.Hlt, <)eLl1,pLism leg arcelin prot.,in) which thA n"tional bcan rcscarch proqrammo~ \]~ll plRnt, m.'jn,-lCj0 ';llliJ (~v.\"ju;\h~ t~.J(' ilc!(-tpt.abLJ ity dll(l ~Hjn:)]10mic

C'h;1r'aC'tc~rif]ticn. Aft.L:l· pod :init . .lut.lon plocs \/lLl bE: sdJ¡iplvd }"t?r]ulilL'ly for bruchicI;:;' Uf; iIVJ ~3.1t.h(!r ~.v-¡Qf\P nt:t.s 0r f)-'/.lC Bd.mpJ ,_'r-;;',

(it aVdilable to co1121bordtoL:O:) tI> ¡t:;ci',,;S POI'ullt',i.on lc,vr,'j:.;. F\lrtt\0C samplCls of pOdS wil1 b.3 t¡lk¡m U·1O or t'hn3,' t',huC!c; durínc¡ ficld dryinry to a~.~sef;S d r1milC)8 and intestation. l'jn¿:llly, fhlc!c¡\.~,~¡ info~;'tation \Vil1 bu dtJ:;jessed b}1 tncubcttion of ::;Ct~(.¡~; t111ct d:'::;Sc:~;~¡wunt_;,¡

of dama']8 llIode.

¡ro scrf~cn I?!lª_?QqlJJs" qürmpJ.;:;¡sm fro1n CIl\.tr I n~ltionCll antl rcgj Or.;rt1 f1Yogramme~~ and bt~uchict ref;ir.tétnce nu:rr;0:l.«l.e!:~.. crivr tü.;velop(:d ¡l\1:1.hnrlo.ln{}.iu;; wi '11 fin li!'~!,f t,ü [~r:J"!:C'¡) ':,f('l-¡:',pln:,m troj¡) ;':("V( j~dl

nouruf:f:..i in tlH~ SAf)l~C l~l'(J 10H tor lH:ucllid Ct_';L-; l:,:¡t.dnce I dt' 10/11,1 1.,1'.1"

r'~!:::;i;jt\1nt nUr1':ít::rjef.,-o ('o-operútolT;'j wi] J un(tcrt~-ü:c' t,he:L1~ oUt'. ¡¡L~:r:ui.:~nlng p.roqraIlut\('!Jf \Jhiln bl:dl1 rJürll'.plü!Jln i¡-(¡)¡¡ t.H.:h(;l IltLl : ni). 11 pr:O(JI'dmmeS will t,o evaluat:ed at tllú Ullíver,;it.y of Ziml<\b\w. 'fhe use oi stdndardised methocts will enable the alrcct campariaon of l:('~-"lllttj aCt'Of;~,; Lhf~ l<erJJ.ol1, and 'Jit.h CTl\lr. VdrJi\ti0nf:' bt,;t\.'opn rt!~.,uJts Cdn tht.~n 1;1:; htt,ribut_(!d to difterl.-'nce::i bL!tvh:\.-:t1. (p.~o~Jl:Clphi,~: ,it ra ~n~-:; t for inst.ance ll.fricdn ¿1S ol.Jpof..:c'd ro IúJ_tin '"\.mc~r.i C;1n.

'~'o {lDvdlop ;::rK1. üVdlun.t·:! ¡:implr: 011(1 COfit efff"ct.:ivp. boan GtOJ~d_qC'

technolo(Ji(,:~:. f,.)r U;;.,. t.:' by ;JHl,ll.L ,i,::(d(~ j cd'lIll.:1':;.

The. studic:,; 0.bQVU w()uld '1 c::é1(l intú t.be (!v ~-<t.! lLt tj on n f ;-j mp le ¡,\Cthods/produ,~t.3 ¡'oI' nruchid conteol. 'Ihe oL'ject, Lv"" vii 11 lh" "lt.,hí,,,ved throuc¡h ú ",,'1':;",,; o.f con':ro11c:d anel ,;emi-contrn i led expur:Lment: • .in tlJe 'L¡hordtory nnc1 an fdrm j.

Al ternatc: stré1 t'"gi,?" for POf¡t control :"lue" i\[' t.hé' use oí' od tI:, te oi l~'; dnd n,ltur"':'l'! :·¡nj)~;t:iln('(::; \1i.11 hn. illv(,;~t i,q(\ttü·d for ,~:ffú':(lC'l ,::'llll

(;c:ono¡nic ::Ul tdbi L.i ty fqt u~:{! t)y :'llid1 j ;:cdll' t~\f'l'!I·'¡'~;. li'1:();."

wh~,--"':h qU¡-11ify from t,LI.-~ L-¡}.;or;-d:"c1ry t.A::;t.fi wi.ll tJlf'n <,o fon.;fdl'd 1 e vnw~fnrm trl.dl;;. il'hu d<!J¡¡l:<tl1rc 01" (~djhl() oL·U:; i~; widí,'ly rt'¿\("ti;"':c~d in oth.er pdl't,S of tItO: \-Jor Ld Jyut ~;O(~(:¡~l~ to b(} larCj(' ty un};f¡(j\lli J 11

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APPI(NDIX '(

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GENE1'ICS OF RESISTANCE '1'0 BEANFLY (tJphioIDyia Spp.) AND DEVELOPMENT OF APPROPRIATE BREEDING

ME'l'HOOOLOGY FOR RESISTANCE '1'0 BEANFLY

1~82!l By ; C.S. Mushi, PhD

Lyamungu Raseareh Insti tute-Mosh! -Tam:ania 2 2SET. 1993

BACKGROUND ;

In Afriea, beanf1ies UphH'm)Ua spp. (Diptera : AgroDlyzidae) are the most important insect pests of the common bean (Ph,,::.eo.lus "U1"dl'.I,o L.). Yie1d losses of more than 50 percent hava baan attributed to beanfly in Burundi (Autrique, 1985). In 1936 this pest was recorded in Tanzania whare it bored through bean stems and caused total crop 10ss (Wallace, 1939). At the same time Iosses of 50% were recorded in snap beans in the Usambara mountains in Tanzania in January 1939, in some cases causing total 10ss (Walker, 1960). Kara1 and Matee (1986), recorded sead yield 10ssas of 33 pereent in Morogoro -Tanzania. In Njoro, Rongal, Sabukia, and Nairobi in Kenya, up to 100% infestatlon has been renordcd iu beans (Wallace, 1939).

All three upi¡)\};¡;'>·Jti t)PP. vlz ; v" phdseol.i." u,. $peTlcerel1a and U. CF'IIÜO.H'",él'f J'",' have been reported to oocur in Afrioa. In Zambia, these species have been identified at the rates of 8, 88 and 4% respectively (1985-1986 Annual Rpt.). A study of oceurrence and distribution of species oí beanfly in Kenya showed O. spCllCPYRJIR to occur in a11 sampled plants, associated with the former species. u. ,','"nU·,;,temat'is was not observed (Muigai and Pere, 1986). In Tanzania, O. pr"'.seol.i and {J. spf!ncel"el1a ha ve been reported to oecur but the later appears to predominate (Ampofo,1989). Lays and Autrique (1987) reported that a11 three speeies occur in Burundi,

Beanfly attack bean seed1ings as soon as the cotyledon appear until flowering. The damage oaused by the adult fly is considered insignificant (Rogers, 1980). Major damage is caused by the larvae. Area surrounding the pupa rots, dríes up, and frequently cracks. The presence oi the pest to deteot the ye110wing of the l€laves, and the seedling becomes stunted, wilts, and frequently díes. In mature plants the attack is confined mostly to the petíoles. When these are cut open, the inner portlons in tunnelled and the tis5ue is partially decayed (Otanes & Quesal'9s, 1918). This means that serious damage is caused only when plants are young. Tf the attack is severe, leaf wilting may also occur in olcler plants.

Several control methods hava been reported in literature including cultural (Wallace, 1939; Floor et al., 1984), biologieal (Rogers, 1974; Abul-Nasr ot al., chemical (Mate and

1

Karel, 1983; Jones, 196~; Abul - Nasr et al., 1968; Hote, El Nahal and Assem, 1970; Autrique et al., 1986 ... ), and resistance.

1983; plant

Several studies have been conducted on the resistance of beans aud other legumes to U. 1'''' i):',:eo Ji. In Helkassa, Ethiopia. of the 1'17 bean lines evaluatad for their resistance to the beanfly, only five lines showed no symptoms of attack nor pupal popul~tions (Abate. 1983). In 1977 and 1978 at the Asian Vegetable Research snd Development Can ter (AVRDC) in Taiwan. 370 bean accessie,ns from erA'!' were screened for resistance to the beanfly. Based on Lile number of insects/plant and the percentage oí" damagad plants, 4tl accessions showed low to moderate' levels of resjstance. When these accessions were evaluated in identical form for the second time, on1y eight showed moderate levels of resist,ance. '1'0 confirm their resistance, seven out of the eight accessions, together with two susceptible checks, were planted in a replicated trial in autumn Hl e/9. Two accessions, G 05478 (/'. "':< i'iar 1:') and G :l5023 (1'. cn"-',:.}1if'Ous), showed a significantlJ!" Iower attack than the susceptible checks (CIAT, 1983). Screening work done in Morogoro, Tanzania in 1983 to 1985 showed low resistance to Ii. {,/",,,,,,, .. ,/¡ in the following lines : A 489, A 429. BA'l' 1570, TMO 118, BAT 1500, A 476 and TMO 101 (Karel et al., 1983, 1984, 1985). However, no work is reportad todate on the confirmation of resistance in these lines, In Chipata, Zambia, '1'1'10 110, THO '18, TMO 101 and G 5478 had good grain yield which was attributed to resistance to beanfly found in those lines,

Literatura aboye indicated that the initial stage of breeding fOl- resistance has commenced with success in identifying sorne lines with resistance. While the screening work is in process, lines proved to have some resistance should be utilised to transfer 'the resistance - genes into our adaptad varieties and "candivars". Defon; buch process 15 effected, the inheritance of resistance need to be establish which wil1 then determine the kind of breeding procedure to follow in developing beanfly resistant variatles, Tllerefore. tha objectives of this proposal are to

(1) Sturly inheritance of resistancs to beanfly UphJOmyla spp. and the type of gens action coding resi5tance.

(2) Develop an appropriate breeding methodology for developing beanfly resistance varieties.

(3) Continue screening for new resources of resistant in tha local landraces. lntroductions and in P. pCI 1y¡wfhu'¡; and

(Tha latter two spacias of Phaseolus, ha ve been to have genes oí resistance to ti... phz'l.:.,coll

Baudoln, 1987).

2

claimed {Schmit

EXPECTED IMPACT

On the completion oí the project, the genetics oí resistance to beanfly Nil1 be knoNn, an appropriate breeding method wil1 be developed and more sources of resistance will be available. Therefore, National Bean Programmes in the region Nil1 be able to develop bean!ly resistant cultivars.

METHODS

The project 15 proposed to be conducted in three parts.

PART 1 :

Experiment 1

To study the inheritance oí resistancs to bean!ly.

MateríaIs and M.<ilthods : The parent. - offspring regression method Nil1 be usad to study heritability of resistance to beanfly. Crosses Nill be made betNaen the resistant lines and susceptible adapted cultivars/elite lines. The Fl's Nill be advanced to F2 and 1"3. 'l'he 1!'2 and 1<":3 seeds will be used in the inheri tanee study. NIJmber of replications, sties and seasons wil1 depend on the availability of seed. HONever , planting Nil1 be done when the population of beanfly is high and at sites known to have high incidence.

Data on the number oí larvae, number oí black pupae (O. ·'p"r.c,~r,,'.l i,:¡), leaf puncture, number of yelloNin¡;:!dying planta, and graln yieId will be colleeted.

Experiment

1'0 study tha type oí gene action (s) coding for beanfly resistanee.

Materíals and Methods : 1'he North Carolina Design III Nil1 be employed in this study. The sources of resistance Nil1 be crossed to susceptible lines, and Fl's advanced to F2 population. The material for estimation of genetic parameters Nill be produced by back crossing randomly selected F2 individuals (using as males) to each of the original parents (usad as females). Each set oí the test material Nil1 be planted in RCH design and rep1icated several times depending on the seed avai1abi1ity.

Data to be collected i5 as in Experiment r.

PART 11

The breeding methodto develop resistant cultivars Ni11 be depend very much on the results obtained in the two experiments aboye. So the details oí developing appropriate breeding procedure Ni11 come later,

3

PART III

In collaboration with other scientists in the regíon, CIAT. Taiwiln alld llelgium, neH sources of resistance from introduced materials, Jandrace;:" and germplasm of Id~. ;olya¡¡chus and ,u..,

,:",:,:¡r¡C'¡;'i.' will be idc:-nttfied.

4

PROPOSlID PROGRAM OF ACTIVITIES FOR THE 1 at TWO YEARS

YEAR SEA SON ACTIVITY

2

1 Jan - March

April - June

Make croaaea for both experimenta uaing pot plante

(1) Verification of F¡ croaaea and ased 1ncreaee to get F2 aeed under full protection

(2) Collect local landracea

June - October (1) Advance F2 materiaIs to F3 and muItiply seed.

Nov. - Dec.

Jan. - March

April - June

(2) Continue ecreaning gormplaam for naw aourcea of rssiatance.

(1) Collect local landracee

(2) Make more croaaea ueing pot planta

Plant triala

(1) Verification of Fl croaaas and multiply aaeda

(2) Collsct local landraces

June - October (1) Advance matarials frem F2 te F3

(2) Plant triala

(3) Continua acreaning garmplaam for new aourcea of reaíatancs.

5

PLACE

Lyamungu

Miwalani

N. and S. Tanzania

Mlwalenl

Sallan

W. Tanzania Naighbouring countrles.

Lyamungu

S. Tanzania, Zambia and Malawi

Miwaleni

Morogoro Regíon

HiwaIeni

N. Tanzania

PROPOSED BUDGIIT FOR THH 1st NO YEARS

PlasLi.c pot.e ............ (1000) .................... .

Labels & tags

Crossing ki te (5) .................................. .

Harvgeting materials/processing ........•.....••.....

Nylon mesh (500m) .................................. .

Plastic sheet ...................................... .

Benches

Labour ............................................. .

Travellíng (Local) ................................. .

Chemicala for field protection ............•.........

Irrigatíon and miscellaneous

3,300.00

500.00

50.00

500.00

2,000.00

500.00

1,000.00

3,000.00

2,000.00

500.00

1,850.00

Total ......... 15,000.00

6

References

Abate, T. 1983. Screening of harieot bean varieties beanfly and Afriean bollworm (ABW) - Nursery l. 1982/83. Addia Ababa, lnstitute of Agrie. Res. Research Station. 7p.

Abul Masr, S. and Assem, H.A. 11. 1968 Studies biological procesa of the beanfly Milanagromyza (Tryon) Diptera, Agromyzidae). Bulletin de la Entomologique d- Egypte 52 : 283 - 295.

Ampoío, J.K. 1989. Personal communieation.

against Nazret, Nazret

on tha phaseoli Societe

Autrique, A., Gahungu, E., de reeherehes sur la Seiences Agronomiques Buruncii, V.3, pp. 174 -

and Ntahimpera, L. 1988. Programme moucha du Harieot. In Institut de

du Burundi. Report Annual 1986. 176.

Autrique, A. 1985. Bean Pests in Central Africa. Paper presented at Seminaire Regional sur la Production at b­Amalioration du Har.ieot Dans Less, Poys Des Crands lae, rER., Blljllmbura, Burllndi, 1985.

ClAT. 1983. International Cooperation: projeet with AVRDC, Taiwan. In CIAT. raport 1981. Cali, Colombia. pp. 193

beanfly reeietanee Lean program annual - 194.

Eastern Provinee Agricultural Development Project. Zambia 1986. Bean peet reeistanee; beanfly tolerance trial. In Eaetern Provinee Agricultural Development Project. Zambia. Grain Legume Researeh. Annual Report 1985 1986. Chipata, Zambia.

El - Nahal, A.K.M. and Assem, M.A. 1970. The chemical control of certain vegetable leaf minere in U.A.R. Bulletin of the Entomological Soeiety of Egypt (Economíc Series) 4 : 257 263.

Floor, J., Stoetaer, H.A.I., and Okingo, A.O. 1984. Increaeed toleranes of dry beana to bean fly as a rssult of fertilizer application. Thika, Ksnya, National Hortieultural Resenrch Station. Grain Legums Project. 2p.

Karal, A.K. 1984. Resistance to baanfly, Ophiom'/ia phasl"oli Tryon, in eornmon beans, Morogoro, Tanzania, Sokoine Univ. of Agric. 5p.

Karal, A.K. and Macrera, A.P. 1985. Evaluation oí common bean cultivara for refd.~tance 1:",0 beanfly (OptLiom}'ia phiR5er...-di Tryon). Baan Improvement eo.op. Annual Report 28 : 15 - 16.

7

Karel, A.K., Hatee, J.J. 1986. Yield losses in common beana following damage by beanf1;',Optl.tomyia phasE'oli Tryon (Di ptera: Agronomyzid,,<e) . Bean Improvement Cooperati ve. Annual Report 29 : 115 - 116.

Lays, J. F. , Autr ique, A. 1987. The bean Institut des 8ciencea Agronomique du Technique nn 008 21p.

fly. Bujumbura, Burundi. Fiche

Matee. J.J. and Rarol, A.K. 1983. Investigation control of beanfly (¡.Iph:rom'J _< phar;Ei'Ql i Tryon). beans (,e'!id/·,eo.l U''?i VU 1 CIar',! ~,: L.) ~ Morogoro., University of Dar es Salaam. Dept. of Crop 8cí.

Mote, U.N. 1983. Seaaonal ineidenee and ehemical stem fly on French Bean and Pea. Journal Di Agrie. Univ. B (2) : 159 - 161.

on chemlcal on ct,)mmon Tanzania,

10p.

control oi Maharashtra

1986. Muigai, S.G.S. and Pere, W.K. screening of Phaaeolua germplasm identification in Kenya Phaseolus Eastern Afriea no. 5 : 35 - 37.

Beanfly: Reaistance and beanfly species

B'.,an Newsletter for

Otanes, Y. Quesalss, F. 1981. The boa.nily. Phillipine Agrieulturist 7 (1) : 2 - 31.

Rogare, D.J. 1974. Studiss in host plant resiatancs involving the Freneh bean (Fha",,'oll . .I" \'ulq.,¡ris L.) and the beanily (Nel,'{trte:i(Jromyzd pnc::._'~3t?(1.li Tryon).. Hag. Se .. Thesis Briabane Univ'3rsity oi' Queenaland. 114p.

Rogera, D.J. (Tryon) Journal 245-250.

1980. Host plant resiatance to Uphiomyia phasE'ol:r (Díptera: Agronomyzidae) in PhasE'o.lus Y'Ltlqaris. of the Auatralian Entomological Society 18 (3)

Schmit, V. and Baudoin, J.P. 1987. Hultiplícation and avaluation of Phaaaolua coccincous and Phaseolus polyanthus, two interesting species for improvement of productivity of foad lagumas. Bullatin dee Recherchss Agronomiqus de Cembloux 22 (3) : 235 - 256.

Walker, P.T. 1960. Insecticida studies on East Afriean Agricultural pests. 3. Sesd dressing for the control of the beanfly, n'71cm¿wrDmyz3 /,h.,sC'oli (Cog.) in Tanganyika. Bulletin of Entomologícal Research 50 (4) : 781 - 783.

Wallace, G.B. 1939. French bean diseases and beanfly in East Afriea. East. Afríea Agricult.ural Journal 7 : 170 - 175.

8

APPENDIX 9

TrTL!~:

r\UTHORS:

128:lr, 2. 2 SET. 1993

fe Kl\Nr:NGJ\, G.l-'u MITTl 1 ,1~C .. MUSANYA! AGRONO!~l~::l'S

MSEKERA REGION RESEARCH STNI'ION, P.O. BOX 510089, CHIP1\TA, ZAMBlA.

RATIONALE: lncreasing Food production in Africa requires putting more land into production and raising yields. The central problem 1s that both increasingly require material inputs othcr than those locdlly available or too expensive for the farmer. Assumina that much can be done without these ínputs i::; against ~a.hl agricultural experfcnce. An important challenge for ~griqultural research in Africa is te determine the rnost~hat can be done with the fewest external inputs. }

i

A small holder Farmer, g¡ho produces the bulk of the food crop in the region islunable to cultivate more than a small fraction of their ~and at the most appropriate time because of the low capaqlty of draft animals and hand hae. Consequently, the bull<;!:' of the crops are established at suboptimal times. MiX1 cropping¡ then reduces the neeG for -time consuming wee ng operatíons. Apart from the labour use issues, mix ·cropping generally might lead to a technically greater ute of environmental re$ources than single crops. . t, In the SADCC countries~~ aS.in the rest of the tropical agriculture, intercrop :n9 i5 the predominant"cropping

. - system. lt ls practic 4. traditionally .by the resourse -,. l'Oo:z;:--:tarll!lH';-Wh5-produ és the buIk of the food crop and'

:: .... 1--1- p:r;obably remaln. so~for many years to come. Due to ' '" ~fast rise of popula~ion growth and Iimited farm-land .. expansion, higher croPl,:productivity per unit area has become inportant and s~intercropping becomes inportant for large-scale agricult~al producers as well.

"" " It i5 concensus that [ntercrOPPing with a legume has established and speculat -, ,'advantages such as higher grain yields, greater lan,d u .,,-effeciency per unit areá., and improvement of 80il' fe lit Y through the addition' of nitr,!gen by fixation ~d'excretion from the component legume. ¡ .' ,

Maize 18 the staple fola crop of the SADCC countries. Farmers have traditio~lly produced the maize under varions intercropping s:btems with other crops, notably pulses. Beans are prob~bly the predominant of the pulses that are grown with m~ze. A good example could· be Malawi, where 94\ of alFcultivated hectarage Was sown to mixture of crops and tha~ 99\ of all pulse production was in various forms of inte~ropping. , .

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;11'-"\:"1";"1 :;:/} ¡f, tL" ~'.l;¡¡\;l:·¡tn.">(n:f.; <]rowi!lg of two or mure CXOj":; l:¡ tri'; E><lme [u:ld <lf the sarne time. This en\'01ves intcnsificatinn in bcth space ano time {Sancr.ez l 1976).

Studies on this topic indicate that intercropping ""íth lf:gw:,'.!s can br> hi::!1r-ficiill or detrimental, di"'pending on ~ hf.' r.itrogen-fixinq C.1p.sclt.y oi the lcgur.1e, the degrec or C0rnr;¡ t 1 hi 1i t:" (:';. cc:;:;'."t i tian between species f the manrH~r oE pJanting - ..... ;lethér iat the same time or relay int'ercroppeu and t.he tertility level of the soi1 .. Compet:i.tíon for light in~iritercrop among species can be minimized by souna choiceS·'uf crOD combinations, time of planting, planting dens:I},,' and "ro"" arrangement. Mueh less i8 known about rclat10n ships below the ground, although a conser.5US exists that competition for water and nutrients is mor~';,-:-:·.frequent and severe than competítion for líght t~a~l, 1974, Trenbath, 1974). Agronornic experience a14~ indicates, that water and nutrients are general1i-1 _.more limitíng than solar radiation in the tropics. r

~

Very li.ttle is knowo aboq\ ~?ot development when two or more -crops are grown tog~her. Nelliah et ?h. (1974) observed that roots of cqponuts, cacas, cinnamom, and peneaple in mi xed intercnj:oping systems of Southern India oceupy different soil vo~es. Studíes with crops and weeds (Pav1yehenks, 19311, show that parts of the root systems of dífferent spee~s tend to mutually avoid ea eh othe~~ partieularly at ~wer depths, but that they do intermingle elose to th~ surfaee. Trenbath (1974) mentions that such strat~ication of root systems may be dn express ion. oE root av~ance, which forces the .roat system that develops late~o reach greater so11 depths. l'he possibility oE horü\5>ntal or vertical root system stratification 5uggests~~hat this may be another fundamental advantage of "intercropping. With roots at different 5011 layers, .ti<ater and nutrient uptake may increase in relation to s~qle erop stands. Earlier'work in 111in018 (Kurtz et 4+., 1947, 1952; Bray, 1954) 8uggested that, when wa~tr and mobile nutrlents such as nitrate or sulphate are~resent in .sufficient amounts competition between root ~~stems will be minimal; but if these elements are limiti~g, competition for them will be strong. Trouse (1975) ~ported that eorn and soybean roots developed freely ~~ar eaeh ather in well-aerated so11 sufficiently provide~~ith water and nutrientsi but when the soil was compaGted~ the root systems beca me restricted and competitio1-was intense.

Using varieties of wid~y different plant types can affect the productivi~ of intereropped systems. Climbing-type beans are ,thought to be more producttve than bush-type beans at lów:'fertility levels. At a high fertility level, on thé other hand, bush beans are thought to be superior to~íimbin9 beans, perhaps because the form ... ""r compete les s w.:(t.!l corn (Francis et ah; 1976).

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Ull~ orLunatcly I c:t'op varieti~~5 llave trrlOl t inlla lly I.;u.':¡ bred and selected [or single stanrls. 1~1-.!0rtjng progrdlns aimed specifically at developing improved varieties for intercropping havo not be en started in this part of Afríen. The specific 'objectives of such prograrns cúu2..d be as follows! more :ere.ct leaf habits of tall crape tú reduce c()mp(~tition~: earlicr maturity, phot.opcriod inscnsitivity, nnd flexibility dt responding to dif(Brent plan~ densities. SUQh a prograrnme could ha ve a major impact in impr.ovir.g :the productivity Di inlerct'opped systems.

The foregoing, therefJre~ clearly leaves the intercro­pping researcher quite tiltn'comfortable. How much N ferti­lizer level would b~~ffecient and econornic for the system t;;Ü;.illg into cansideration the behaviour of the l~gume component? Cdb[d yields be further increased by mixing species with dDffErent to1erances to a 1imiting factor? l\.nd just h0'1:much does intercroppíng decrease the labour peak demand,,', in crease farro income and inprove the nutritiona1 diet o~r~he farm family?

These questíons cannoJ¡;:b~' answered by extrapolating' our knowledgp en prUduct~P".Of single crops. The inter actions when two or mq j9: \crops are grown simul t.aneously are fundam.ental enough,.' '~. -{rhe an$wers might be obtained by carryíng out a net wor ,pf research within the regíon on the system in quention .. , ,; , ..

\ Within the SADee re9~n_bean-maize intercrop is grown under diverse ecolog:ifi!'''' •. ~ though exists quite a few relatively comparable e~olQgies. Therefore, a network, of~ studies designed t~~~b~ain broadbased information on the system is long ·~verdue. The imformation would include compatibility·~ Qf. different bean genetypes ",i th maize, planting geomeJ;;¡~Y'of bean in the system, optimal N levels, decrease iqJ,"-:labour demand, increase of farm inoome, and nutrition ISf utilising the under1ying biotic (weeds, pests, diseas~$ are "biologically" suppressed) potential of such a mi~~»t~ •

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OBJECTIVES: The network study WOUlQ:.~ve the fo110"'ing objectives; I~' .,. :V'

(1) To evaluate beari'~hd maize genotypes suiatable for intercropping in ¡th.e_region. I

:¡j. ". , i.i) To determine opti'Mal fertilizer (N) rates for a

íii}

maize bean interarop • •

TO assess relative to

suit~~le planting maiz€{l-

.:;"

positions of beans

Iv) To assess seconda,tY::benefits derived from utilising the underlying bi4ti9 environment of intercrop.

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liE:';J:r 1 e 1 AH r ES: The Sl\DCC/ClhT ~,l ize-bcan regiona 1 sub-pro j act propOSC5 to scek meduim and. long term solutíons to rnaxirni zing the production effeciency oí Jlunder-valued" maize - beans intercrop.. lrhis will' be achieved by coming out wi th a reco~mendation package on comparable genotypes, fertilizer (N) rates,:and planting positions of a legurne ralative te the M<lízc; The recommadation package should be appropriate tú the: :reSQurce poor small holder farmer, 1,..ho is unable to mak~ the jump to high input and more risky sole crop production in the fore-seablc future~

lt would also be pos~ible quantitative and- qulitative intercropping benef il;s... And , finally, the project would help in indentJ,'fying future heights of research regarding the systern. ~~~.

WORKPL!'.:-: • l.

1990 .... 91/1991-92. Thtee on station trials ,",ouId be carried out to ass~s bean gynotypes sutable- for :Lm:ercLoppíllg, plantrhg positíons of beans relative to' maíze, and optirnurn N #avels for the system. i ; , , .. 1992-93/1993-94: OM .. on farm trial to carry out utílising recommedatí+~ package agaist farmers practice iri a nu.mber of locattpns. At this atage an asseSSment o{ any labour use eft:ícienty, increa&e in farm incomc# nutritional benefits I~' .the farm farnily would be carried out. ;

AIl the tríala would Lk carried out in R.e.B.D. with 4 replications. The l:first experiment on genotype evaluation will have ~ .. treatment6' three clilllbing. bearia· varieties (includinga prornising local "landrace oí the country) by three ma~e varieties, lbcal maize, on improved composite anfi.a hybrid. Spacing wauld be BOom " 50 in the satne hole ti: Each pIet .,i11 cosist of 4 rows, 4m long and tWQ mid~e rows would be net plots. The sole crop spacing woufi1:~ as par reaommendations 'of tl1e" country (and possibly tPII." stakes). .

The second trial, pl~;'U:ng positions of beans to maize, ",i11 haté; S treatments' (could vltrieties . of each ct?P'[,) with the flo",ing r~lationsh:Lps, plus s~~é ,crops. _

• J ' "', . :<1

relative use 't'¡o pl-anting

1. Same station in sbb"x 50cm spacinga, (2 seeds each recommended for z~ia).

, , 2. Two bean statio~~:Ln be·tween maize (one seed of

beans each). 1 1,

3. One station midway:' (1;;"'0 seeds of beans).

The third e"periment level ",ould have the 40, 60, 80 and 120. as recommended per size .,ould be 5 rows net ..

ti> 'd\,termine optimum fertilize_r in fOllowing levels oí N kg/ha O, 20, ¡'f'he:- basal fertilizer rate .,ould be thuntry or ,in a given area. Plot 8m long taking middle three rOW$ as .:. . .. , ¡¡

t' " , •

* ! Oo.,.

i) f\:l'K Soil stat.us befare planting and after harvest (for the fertilizer experiment)

i ¡ ) Dates al p~antinb, 50% flowerings 1 and physinlogical maturity

i.i.l} Plant (l(;nsity at emergence and at harvest.

iv) rc:::;t ~nd dise~-¡se ~ score (including lodging for maize)

v) Level of weed infistation

vi) n<J. uf pods or e.lrs per plant (beans) n , ,

vii) Cob weight and p5~weight kg/ha (maize)

viii)

Ix)

xl

t·, 100 seed mass ¡;f-

Grain yield k9/hf V· ,c"'"

L.E.R. (land equl~-;'lent ratio). . 1-0..,

.'-"

'. i Possible participati~~ countries can Mozambique,t Tanzania alta· Zimbabwe ...

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be Mala",i,

1st Year 2nd Year

Ll1J'Otlr (l_,lot layout; planting .. soil Snmpl ing r Harvesting 480 man(lays For thrcl? cxp~rir;C'nts in each COufltry (14) at 1.25 US$/~ay

Fj('ld rnaterials - bafjs, ropC's, agroc:hcn:icn15 stationcry and laboratory tests.

TRANSPORT Loca:~vel + pcr diom

International travel for 2 collaborators + per diern at $100 X 10 days.

600

-/.-

1,000 , ..

L ,1,600

- - - - - - -=- - - - - - -t' ....

Publications and Literature { " . 200 -~-"-

TOTlIl~ "

7,800

US DoTIai:s~~

700

1,800

1,000

1,600

200

8,300

3rd Y<:ar

800

1,800

1,000

1,600

300

8,500

----~._------------------------------_ .... -------------------------------CONTINGENCY 10%

, '.'"' ., o - - - - - - - - - - - -~-

780 830 850

- --OVERALL TOTAL ",9,580 9,130 9,350 =====================================~~==~=~=~~===~===~======== __ u_ ,

L

1,. l\nanili1yayt!sekeram, A. i Low, A .. ! Durr, G.; Economic Evaluation and Interpret~tion of Intercropping trials: paper presented at a workshop on research methods tor cerealjlegume intercropping. In Eastern and Southern Africa held at Lílongwe Motel, Mala .... 'i, Janlldry 23, 27 - 1989.

2. M~:il.nda ... .,rire ¡\+í:LC.; t\gwird L.D.M. _ Edge O.T., Fertilizer researc!; in interc:l"ops: Paper presented:-at the above worKshop.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Palmar A.F.E.P.; and intercropping research workshop.

, Kirkbtf·-R.~A.; Elements of

prografun.e: paper presented

~. ,

an intergrated at the 'aboye

Rasrsom Joe1: weed control ip Maize/Legume intercrops; paper present at the aboye workshop.;;·· < -< - -

l ' .-.~

Reddy M.S.; Measurement of ~.~10giCal output in intercropping paper presented at the aboye trk9hoP'

SanchA7. P~drQ A,1976; properttes~and management of sOlla in the tropic·s, P 482 494 - 508. f; ·;c

Yiyombe 0.0.: Effective ~:Sé'· of cu:nent intertropping technologias ¡ paper presented!\J:rt>.a workshop on research llIethods for cereal/legume intercroppi~g·in Eastern and Southern Africa held at I,ilongwe Hotel, MalaWif:':"January 23 - 27, 1989.

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For ideJ1tii'yif~Q th2 ~p~:~dS nbSGTVed dwring the survey, it 15 Ilec~s~~ry to ~otl~ct ~fjL¡lt~, pr~feratly alates (winged ~phid~). Winged i:t¡::'¡~d(Js cl~'¿tr.l·y t:(dlECt~i:i ,rf~í:!f(¡ cGlc'rá0~ in tln? bi?2tn plants ~'Jill bi? in C2ttt<gOj-Y 1- P1>,. Hj',:i .L::: cd~h(?rs Wl'-li c;-¡ ;,:..\1""2 found moving C1i"-úwnd/res"ting lndividual1y (pGs~ibly jicp2r5~d frOffi e15Ewh~~e or from other pl~n~s) 1')111 !Je in f:;',tL0:I]':'r-'¡l .~ El"

F;'['¡I¡ t.:-úc:!"¡ ·;~J.L·lc1, ¿, :¡¡,:l.!lll¡UII'¡ LIt lO .;:"pt)ids in c¿¡t~gcry ¡-; and cd: ::'(',-'50 in c,::,tc:-!Jt-,r'/ n iTl,--:¡/ tll:"--:- ,-el! ·--:'cf2?d~ .?nd tl'd?S2 \1)i11 bE: 'p¡'~{;¡'St?r-Vt2-d in ~'O pi?r'CE·nt ·:::·th':::-l'j(-,t \2thyl ;::,1 cr:.r-,iJ.l j in -scrt?w Cé::LfJ via!~.. Fro¡n LifilC¡¡-n] tht? ~i2lds :::Ut-Y'::',/E'rí i¡, [:,,:,,ch di:::::tr':i.ct, ¿~ ~,:\jj¡pliF: nc:,t t?}!c¡::::-f:dlng 50 spE'ci¡ij"':::I~IS

in cz.tugor-y ~ ~n,j :00 ii1 ~:~t~g2(y D \~ill ba t~¡,~n ~p (~t raildom) for spe¡:ies ideGtific~;ti0f1 ~nd the fr~~u0ncy di5trib~tion of the aphjd species b~ WGf-I~E!j out fG(" e~c~ Jistrict fOI~ the cOnCeri)Ed season.

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If i.iIY)i in-fi?5.:tr;¡t.lI:'¡-r by é~p¡-Ji,j~ (¡¡¡¿-di"dy t\~i1J:t;:~rr:) is"found tw úCC:L~r in J2ü-¡le plc·t:;, ,;:d-rd ,-r th;::~~:¡"=, plQt~; ¿-:l,(-t;: f¡ot. h~;vir¡g BCMV incidEnc.e 2<':S

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L.dt.::.tl ¡...;lCít ""ill ~JíZ' nearl;y s.qUétr-e- ~n st.t. .. i.pfr~ wilh ¿\brAtt ~:1 I~C',...,',~· f'úrh Ü1 ;,tJout 10 In long,. with spacing qf 50 eHI bet ... it28n t-c:.'Yt::: r\.Írd :-<, ,~dl b",tl"Ji:,HI p] "';Id~s ~.¡i thin th& row. lh~ Vi::tt~~:,f2'ty c:hüsen ~hi.-111 bt: ~:iur.Lí·ptit¡l ¡~ 1'0' ¡'CM\', lt w0uld lJI? pn,fF'rabler le. LI;;¡",}'Ct1V-1rH~ s.,,,d,, , lf U"'o; l' ,.e,1 ¡".'",lId,', tl.lo IC>ll,t1f,t of SGoI?Ó-l,OiT,¡:; l'CM'lÍ,:,P' tl;~ ,S,"'?J Ic:L ',!,(,ul,1 1" di lL"! 1l¡!lILd lrl fH~l hGU5f;:o· stLtdiwS (\.~~lJfY¡"hl;ül.(l ..... '}¡~;' 4 (¡t .. , t.t11lJ¡'H ¡"~O tdw'! l:'¡ J.IJ P,¡(.:,:.ílt',¿.."s ll-l 1.116' I'lt·t I)Ü\..ASt:1I:~.IJ :::t_\,q l,'d i l..'1 L:Cr~',J "'1 1" '¡ I·~t' ¡, "í \ "'f 1,'HlI" \jf·lfCt:.~ ~ ··[!(.,:.fDrf? F.lt:tf¡tif,~, ,thí.:: !.:\..'L;:d~;; ¡¡¡di' jff"(d i.~·; .. dd J 1/1'

t, \- ... L\.I.i \'díll t-i,dD!:Iulfttn' (!J!J 0+ 5ui: NP-Pttt· I,y ~t::t:.0\J) 1Ú¡ 1,0' L'\I": .. i.'¡¡

lt t,JfH lHo:ú:f¡fl y .da'llagC':> .. lhe dates fOt~ "early'an¡j ;'ldli:;' ¡:'l'::-'l¡liIHj 'j¡, '1 L,,-'

l~L't":idt:,:d~ l.,I;,ts=ed Di, ttiE' püssibility in lh!::: local situ¡{,tiLII-I:> tJuL Ht ltl L~t

j L'.':,:' .~, .• ¡ 1-j1-t::I.,S; {jj -fft::'t-t:fjCt:. lh~ IUI:\,Ii.:lge-fut?nt Jj,-actices - fi=,rti 11 ~-~;'r-!o \o'J1¡':-\~lljO ¿{lid >.1 ní.iot:rded sprays against fungal dise"",ses/rJüd d~í1f¡.uJir¡lj 1I",,-,:l » ... hall bE1"kept' common fur bpth plantir,gs. -

TlH2 fOllowing observation shall be rl?ce.rded oro row 1:;<',"1<, on 10 ",1 tm'G.itE- ro ... ,; (row numbers 2, 4, 6, a, lO, 12, 14, 16, HJ ctÍHI :C:,:»,

I

i ) Plant emergenc:e-number of plants- 2 wo.?úks «ft,;1" pl.,,,U'Hj \ \"; í'¡j -. )

11) Incióence e.f bean aphids - nUIT,be,- úf pl .. nts Wltt, ,n]'"",,", wef,kly from 2 WAP ti 11 crop maturit'y.

iji) lncidence of w¡oged apttids - nUlnber of pl",rots. witl, W"'''.J",,1 ¿.phids twic:e ... eel<ly - from 2 WAP tUl cr¡;,p 1fI¿,tc"oity.

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lV) Pl"r,ts with BeN'J symptoffls nun,ber of plalll5 ,- """dl¡ ;,e"" :2 W;P ti 11 crop matu,,; ty,

.... ,

v') BCMV inc!denr::e/sEverit')1 (t'·ow b~sis) viSLt~;l r-at'::,i'¡ij L<ll 1 -7 ~:c~l~:·

- weehly from :2 WAP till cro~l~fÍli.turity. r- ,,' 'oIJ) lncldencE of other disEases -f! rúw pasís- vlsu~l r.:.\tjiq;j (ú", ; (}

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scale; and of pestlO other thán aphids once t:;,8fc:¡n, j llú.,,,,·,'j¡,t "r,d ",gain at earl'¡l/mid pqddil'),Q stage,

()l '",z,rvest, 'tila seed '¡Iield of 'lJl..MV dis«¿,;;"d" ;:.nd 'Ui~i'i'.j ¡r':'L' plant.s will be recorded in each 'row in rcw ÍlllI¡jbt"?r~ 3, ~-J~ 7~ ~:¡, 11, 13, 15, 17. and 19 also r(.!occH"uir'Q the pló,:tI'd_L~ Jo;' \;",;,:I¡

c:;:¡tegory.

lhe extent of sE'ed-borne aCMv inf!2ctu;:,r, frL;,(" """",,ic, ;"" '1L-,;tL',j

in eétch plot wi 11 iillso be t?t5si?ssed in the ni:.~t h(JL¡~:;¡:--:'} fCOJf¡

,- andoffl samp 1 e of 200-400 sEeds per pI ot.

W:UHEU STUDIES ON BCMV IZambi", only) -'--------------~._---------------_ .. _._-

BEL~rt st?E·d si1mples will l.){-! collec:ted {rolll -f'::tíll!i..'t'-~;" :]t.::,!~¡J·,luí:_ tI}

,""~,,',[:".~..; tlfE t:?;:1.ent of sEed bot·r,c: infect.ion L-y nCM'v' .. -Ihr;:. S,71.IIIt" '"tI'!¡ .. ; ¡,s I-'Jl11 l\lsü bi:- u~,=E<d inr- ~t.u,j-rin9 thG GCCLu-rf:-i',cü (Ji L:CM\/ st'-¡',Uf'¡ \ l i ! ¡jll~jl.J(lri:tt{.Jt· lé ~'Vdlli.tblt:;')" Ir, EdstET'! F;~wv.lncc-~ .U¡l:'., \-'"1111 lIt: dl'l!'_ í~ ,'ff'l'S pl.-:..nte-d in t~Jt.: t'-¡·;dn'y s.e-asün (nr:c - JiW, pli.~rltlnu) ¿Ü¡4.1 tI/ tillo'

\l.lh,¡Q,\) 111 tlli~~ u-ff s .... ·".Süf, ({;!Jl j 1 ~ H.:(:l pl¡1rd'ini_,). Ir. t-k,¡-tijt··¡ rf V'UV.lld,'.

llli', !>IILtll i..)[:- L:¡{!:.fi'n Ht-' fol' t'¡t:..: triü LYí¡pS tlr'st er-ul' (H,¡ 1'1.,:" JI,'

!-~r"d; ~,("1 fJIH1 (~.·c'r' (Ft7.~L,. rJli:tnlilt./' ~ In L';.~ch jJruv:r.nct.:, ~.t:1_·!1:) j! ~;¡¡¡ ,'IJ\.,\'

{nI 11j\'1 ~;; Wi 11 lH:' ciJl} t ¡.tl~d. ltl \"- •. ,Lfl ~"l:vd-'ll!t ~ :..~,(J( ... , i.'1";'Jill '.H·' \JC

jil .. H,l.t'W 1" UH' fI{:t :'ULt';.,L'. lhf;·'lun¡IJI."' Ld l .. lf'II~!.."" l'·d \ il ¡'~~:~',.J ~':'¡,,¡' \ ", tlt: :,CLIf'"kd Wi?-f::kly till 4, wi?eLs ;.;ft~t- t~i¡l\:ryt:-iILt.:.' 1ft UI': i'H:,t !!l."_\:" .• '

':t '/.-

l· l)l Itcnl"J hUlld uj'J i.n rc~lation to pf·t-st:.:-nc~/dl:JSt";T'¡::i~ [ji

ti ... .' pI ot: _._------_._.-_. __ ._---~._------_.----_ .. ----_ •.. ~.~--------~ .. - ... - .. _--------_.-

1 ... 0 plüts w¡11 t l:.'jlllc:,:-;:ttüt,Sl'! Wl th t!'íü

l··· be grown (.{ i~ [;r~~ ~~$cPp'lb}~ \,~rJ,~ty lt?vf.:"ls (Ji' SV(-(j-br.¡rTIC' iff-ft~~r:t!iJf!~

"

T 2 - 20 per-cent i ni' t2ct i ün

ln

For ensuring the 20 percent seed-borne inf·ection is unifm-n,ly spread in the plot, the seeds of BCMV free and BCMV affected plants ",il1 be collected·in the previous season and planting ... i11 be suit .. bly /II",de. The l .. yout of lhe plots. will be as pelowl

Rep 1

Rep 2

: T 1 ; T 2

, '.

, , . , _______ , _______ f

: T 2 : T 1

, . ,

·Ihe Idots wi JI ll¡¡' s¡;,pfrr",tl2d lIy lIJLlÉws of 'fú ... ro ... ,," 01 r,ur,-t,lJsl (", .. i;::e) 1:0 o,jnimise .. plúd dispersal b¡¡,Lween tlw ploLs.

'ltn~ ItlC1n&(jt::?ffli-?ot JJrc..cti C:f!5 ¿..rfd ülJsi;;,cvdtions wi 11 tJt: ... silili 1 c.d'" to thc-1~';-:JJtd'iíllt2'f,t dt:-tailed ir, ~t=t;tiún ::: t.:. ln,u~dúl'tiüfJ:!, ,th .. : pl.-tlll.s: :.~llü\-JlIIÍJ

fresr, OCMV Iioymptoms .0111 be tiogged .oG",kJ.'y 1"'1 th di f ferent col Dured \ ,<lJS e8cl, .. eek) , so lo é.SS<:S$ tI,e prJOFE1ssi on of DCMV bul 1 d--L'P ¿,r,lJ tl,,~ eHect pf age .. t On5&t pf DCM'" sympion,s on th"" s .. ed yield. fi1. harvest, th. sead yield of the health looking plants and those .. Itll diffenmt Heel,ly tags for BCMV onset wH·¡ be sepaF .. tely .. ecorded, in t:'c'(ch plol. The diffet-unce in BCMV inCIChE!T'tCí.?' ba·twQt?r, two lrc"atfl¡(¿.·r,t.!; .. 111 be .. t.tributed to tt,e pr·imary sour!:.e of BCMV ir, one set of plots. ,.Iol size pf tIlia trlal ... ill ideally be similar to tllat detailed in 5ectl~1 2 e, but may be altered subject lo seed availability ¡JI tl,~ i ) r ~:;t seasün.

4. ElTECl UF CULTUR{\L PRACl ICES 01'1 APHID/IlCMV INCIDENCE ------------~._-------------~-------------_.---------""!-

This triitl t j I".:d Ifll':,.nt ' ;

1 " ¡Id ,~ t , • ~_'pt q ·,1

, lld.L". cr"'oppr::-·rl "

1,,-,11, l 1

bt.::'t:\l'¡ C!

j l." ~ lH', ,\. , . I , 4,11'; ,., ," rt;w'", "Id. 4-' (~ + 1 rüt..J tll.·"'.' I )

-'lIt::. b¡~i:1i# Vi.;U-j(."'t'ly ti..t 1", tJ~t:t1 !:,j".lllJt: ¡'I ,.{ ~~t;,}',:" 11" '''·Il·~t s'.\~Lr~J1tiblf: to nCM'J, and r.re'fc:t al:tly Ct{ 11,t.'2 :,,\''''111(:' gl'l.JIT;1J¡ h;1t,:¡t/íj\.tfElt.it;'l"J

liS P('II1\l~:;f-/I-t'~lt:';·.Sp.d VI":trif:l.y 1il U,f': rl:'tJJí.JII~ '1 lit,., ,'t¡V# tú r'ut.'I fr',d-:"lllij

',~f •. ,lJ. lH~ tln:, l.,ohiff irJr lJut.11 lIIi~¡ .. -L' 1111d bk.~lt .. 111': \\lj1~I,ill •• "':,\"1 • j'.-\\ )l¡(j {'ir

h4fi,tfl ;~ir¡Í1 fHt:'.i ::~f:' wi 11 lJt¿' 2,i L:fH c:~¡'¡(J 1;1 l. 111 t \ ''->pvL ti ,~{:] r" f'lll t.i f¡¡ ¡

lIl<"I¡¿iyE:-lh~llt IJt't:"ctlces wi 11 th,,. ~~~i ,'t,;-LÜIIJlIIt::1I0vd. Ih.:L<.n i.;1. . .'~J.~. I'H 1 j ti!"

1, •. ,;·11 r-d wl'l. E·l¡uüsulfr.:.l¡ ít,t" ,.H u1.L'C\ itJ!¡ ~r Litu ,-,,·:,-<j1 ,í 1 y' iL,1t111,',.d.;Jf.'. 1,( ,- (Ji

pf:l~,t <nfhPt' ttl.~d¡ .'.phi(j) nr d.t~:f::'.~S(:" \ (,tht:r' tl'u';\I'1 geN'.)) is ;::eVt"i"f' ('rJ\· .. ulJI,~ tl,('I, l.r-rJt.t:-ctiv(~ StJ1--é\''('S lila')" Ll!' HI¿~tJL'!, lJl, .. tt, IIl.JL '~J 1.11 i_llL'Ull.l d} ~ I/JIIII 1, ¡,l i f't

. '" .. ptu do; di ..... ctl"y.·" "~,q" =, ., , . , "'

l,.I? pl¡:¡t.s "lÍ 11 consi,sts üf at le",st 12 ro .. s "of q li.eten, li.:¡,(¡tI.

¿,nd tt.."e :,h .. ll be "0 replica\:ipns, in a rant:iofl,ised blü,:k. de~igr, . .. ~'.'

The followiog observations sh",}1 be re¡:ordedl

il) ElL'"'' .. plnd ÍI.cidenc¡;,: IlLUhber uf plRrots with aphid C()lO""°~i pe,- p,lut - weekly froh' 2 WAP till ha,'vest

i 11 )

\ v)

vi )

HC~I\1 incidence: - weekl'y from 2

number of pI ants wi tr-. BCM\! s·ymptoll.s pe,- pI Lit WAP tUl tlarvest.

1 {ti" ! dt:IH ('1

r ... , t J. I HJ (in pucJóing.

Qf thf:'~ othpl"' pf:~;ts/¡ji~-:'¡.:'i15E:S on bE'íin~:, ,¡j :.::tJ':.d 1 </ sc(.~14?', üI'IC~? btftf:lt~t-;' i-ltíWf?t~lr,y ¿,,;¡',d t'.\y~:<ill dI mid

tt.e e>: ten\: (i r püs5iblel frún,

o{ 5eed-búl'P!2 BCM"" each plot.

, .'

lJ) Tri .. l oro pl ... r.t sp .. c:iny/fli'..-tiliser effect!ó Cin Be",n apl,idJBClW

Ttü;. follcJwirH) sl,all bt.:.. lhE tt'E::"C\tiflt-nt!:.:. 111 d sl-='lit ..,li..Jt dt~~'d~JI, wilh 6 raplicate •.

. '"

" "1 ¡. t

" ' , ,

~:t·\.tlflll 4 l'_

,'1' " I .

/~.... 1 , ¡ ¡' ' ,- 1 ti' j 1 ',' I , , ,. ., ,

ti, I.I~ , ,

, ': • ,¡ " -' . \, 'j

HUDGET,

¡ ~. lh¡;- m¡¡ginal P¡'úposa¡" cünsisting 'of activiti¡¡:s fú'- lhe lvm

CDuntt-ie'S (Zaif,bia, "1alctwi) with lhOre cict:1:víties in laJilbi~~ l-,ad t.~ bl.dget cWll~¡t· Df US '10,000, sanction~d.alre.dy for lhe tirst YD.r. CfJl"ll>id.,ríng tlle subse:quent addition of one (f.ore country (Tanz"ni¡:,) 11.

r",_.",~.LI,e mi dw .. ,,'· Qf .. th¡¡',.,.f.l ~;;t .. ·,..¡¡; .. r·...t. .... e¡j..(:.r" tI'i!""'r,¡¡;c.prnif.~d.t i o .. s.. .. t.,tl·, .. ~B .. an . entolholo!)i .. ts o.eetiny and also thl;,! incl~l\.ion of expallded activilies based on u,c~ suggestions ir. lhe sao.e meeting, lt w111 be inevit .. blfi U reyi se lhe budllet upwards to a lotal ot. US $ lb,OOO <2 .. ¡hbi an ~. fil. 000,

-~ •. Malawi - 4,000," Tanzania -'4,000) al least for: the ne>:t :2 y¡¡.a"'!i~·(July . June 92), lo sustalO the pbjectiyes/activities of the network. Acc:ordingly the budget already approved for first year (July 1989 June 1990) i5 being reyised as. in App¡¡;ndill l. Basec.l on the; justific:ation far enhar.ced budge.t for the ne"Xt two ye.ars, it reyis"d budget propüs.al for July 90 - June 92 is included in AppenrJiíl 1I fu..­appres .. l .. t. the ""r 1 i E/5t occ .. ¡;i on, as thi s revi si on wi 11 be essent i al fo,' sust .. 1 lIi ng the acti vi ti es pr"pased ullder lhe p,'oJ eeL

... -''',

.. '1 ; "

" . • . , .,

•

._-

I ,

, ... a .. ,, O) -'

4,

· ' . ,~,'~ ~\\ ~~.

A'l'lHI, G.l., EKPO, E.J.A. & THÚTTAPILLY, (984). Thu t'lt"fecL of ephid reuisLence in cowpea on lnfeatatioll lilld development of AJ;iliida .:raccj yora and the transmiaeion of cowpea aphid-boI'lltl moseie 'liruu. lmnale J:ú ~iad Il!oloay 104. 337;-344.

GUNASINGH¡¡:, U.B •• IHWIN. M.E. & KAI1PMEIEH, a.E. (1988). Soybean leaf pubeacence affects aphid of aoybean moaaie 'virua. Al~ Qf ApDlled Blo]oGV 112, 299-272.

" H',' !'IPI, S.E. ~< lHWIN, M.E. (981). :" ~_, :,¡{ soybean canopy c10s1ng on landing rates of aphids; with i/ltp1icatiofíS for restrictlng spread of soybean maosalc virus. oUUüLá nf &QBt~~g ªtQtQQ~ 89,15-19.

!II\LBERT, S.E., IRWIN, M.E. !\( GOODMAN,R.M. <1981>. ¡'',late «phid (HoffioptEra: Aphididae) species and their r-elativC? bhport,,"cE .. s f1üld vectors of soybe.;;n l1.aosaic virus. eOn~lá Gi Deeligg ~tQ199i 97, 1-9.

~.. Hr.1 nFRT, s. E .. , Z~~ANG, G. X.. tt PU, Z. Q. (19a,~) .. CtJlhlJt.JribcJlt uf baulpling íH~lt,c,d~ {or .~l~t.t: i..,~II·ids ,-tl'ld tJLt~~.·Vi;,tliJIIG

(JI! ti'pi di?;<illi 01 tJ<;rr t:,f soybean mos2\i e '~i rus in Naj i ng" Chi na .. eDD!i11g pI C1wHmJ Ihl:llmli 109, 473-483. •

I flW 1t4, M. E. (1980). Sampl1ng aphids í n soyb'?«n fÍl?lds. 1" lli,¡¡¡juliu9 t!.€J;I:lQ¡j§ Ül l;}Ql(U!?.ii!D !:;üJ;¡;¡iDIÜQUi· pp 239- 258. Cd. 1'1.', i':oy,¡,n ar,d D.C. Herzog. New'tork: Springer ''Veda¡;¡. ;,0,

7. lf<WIN,M.E. ~ GOODMAN,R.M. 0981>. Ecol0\lY and c:or.trol of soybean l1,osa1 e vi rus. 10 E15ml I!i~~ª3!i§ §DQ :tUliÜ: :t~¡;;:1QUH !:;¡;;:Ql!;íO.x: and E~~2ft!!ii"Q!.Qgl!. pp. 181-220. Ed. K. Maramorosch and K. F. Hi"rri s. New York: Academic Press.

8. IHWIN, M.E. ~< RUESINK, W.G. (1986). Vector Intensi I:YI a product üf propensay and ac:ti 'lity. In E!.ªol :lit:.Y§ ÉUiQlimi¡;§: t:JQOHQCiD9 .... t!mJHliD9 .éOQ Et:!!.!li¡;UD9 Qbl1t!l:!rgü;g. pp. 13-33. Ed.'

,

D.G. McL&an, R.G. Garrett and 1'1.13. RUEsink. NEi'w Yorh: Acadm¡¡ic. Pr~¡;=.

9.

1 (l.

, ...... ,

IRWIN, M.E. !\( SCHULTZ, G.A. 09Bl>' Soybean ¡f.osaíc viruli¡. E8Q ClªDl ECQlghliQD DblllgliO 29,41-55.

,lOr4ES, r •• T. (1987). Control of virus inf<lctjon ir. crop plants t.1'lr ouyh vec lar t-esi stanctl': d revi E:W üf étct'¡l t:"vi':o~r!ents, pt-Ospt?cts and r,roblcffls.,eUQ§!l.á'Qi e¡;mUo€!:I t!iQ!.QQ~ 111, 74::"-'17"2.. ,","

II • ¡:¡;r,INA 1 y (;N. J., Gf,EENBERG, D. C., HAC 1Ioj¡) , 11. C., ~, MBEWE. M. N" (1?fJ7). ScreF.·ning bC:'i-itn fol"· rftsistanct? to 1I1~\jor cJit;t~i;;t~:;t·~t.i ir. Zñl{¡¡I)i~~~

Pi~¡It:-r pt'l"-sürrted i.~t tite African BiJo.an Pé:1tll\,~·!~.J\JY ~:",J¡~kshCtp:, 14-16 NL"vL'iilLH~t' 1987, .Natiüírc;..l. Ulfi\ll?lffs~ty of f<ws.:<nd¿.., t.tulii\t·~, J~\-h.lI"ftJ.::~ ..

I (,ft-~::¡t ... d.101, C1\nd t.t-~:¡rlsmissíCtn ,.uf tt,i- CDlllITlon be-ún lhüs¿:~ic \lit ,.lB.

{:'~:l1: I'r t tll_' L.} L:~cl bt~·tll·1 'lptli i1~ ülluiS !.üt!.!.!~ e,r, 1.1,,", CC"iIf\l(·n lti·-¡./I'f/

",

13 ..

...... t_ '4 ...

-,

KI!I'tEMBr., «.11., ~< OGENnr,-'LATIGO, I1.W. (l<fa:,;). Ttm ,'f'fL'ctS of thtJ ir,tt.r .. ctí0r. of t.wo l¡¡VEcls of th!? b.l¡¡;ck b,,,m ,:,phid, a[üÜ.~ Léll:!iHi DLl..Jp. ("uüICJ,JterZl,L ft¡..Jtddiú:rtF:) and f..ol:-tr st¡;yl":S of p}¡;,nt Yl-C.iwth ¿:dIU ut;-vt.:lwj'1l"t-'l,t on tlle: pL:'rfc..¡-fil¿~nCt? of ~he cwmfí,ór;'"Ut=i'\n~ Eus~H;Q1U§ ,~!~~19~C.L~~ 1. ~ Lllldr.~I· QI"'c:l?nhe>us,i? cC"Jf"JeUlt i ons i n r:c;:·nyi~" lorHJ'cj; gli::-:iQ1H;;t-11§ eLH11i!;.§liQD 6 (6) l' 645·· f .. 48 "

nr¡¡¡;N{O~ T.1GO,....,tl. W...-&o..l<HAalD"--a-1l1 _=' ~aii.l"">r.s~"'l"¡;'Jij~¡;;ti..J;.b ... biology wf th!? blCicl< be .. n apt-.id, '6¡;¡biá f§!.lsfl Scop. rl?",r&d on thl? comatun bei;1n Eb§1H.~!;'1!Jg· Y!Jl!l-ªr:i~ L" lDgg!;! i!i;i.frü!;!t ,ªOQ !j;g flllll.li.Gi!tí..QI.l 6,::'91-'-594. __ ,

'- ...... , ... 15. OGENGA-LATlSO. M.W. '" KHAEMBA, B.M. (1986). lnfluence of 50i1

moi sture and ferti 1 i ty and stage of aphi d attacl( on damage cause, to common bean eUiliá€lQ!.h\á y'\!!.Qi!C!.é L. b'y the blacl: bean ",phid,

S(;!Ulé f.i!.hii!~ 81:0poli. (Homopter¡¡¡¡ Apl-,idida,.'. t;!l!!:lii J.Qk!Uii!l. 2i ºci~!!~§:~. 39-44.

16. RACCAH.ll. & IRWIN, M.E. 11988'. Tecloniques far sluuying .. ;phid" borne vi rus epi de,mí 01 ogy. In ¡;tllH::t:imgn1s! Ig¡;¡tÚü.9!,!Q.!i1 in E!.iinl ~iágªáÉ Eüid~m!,Q!.ºg~. pp. 209-222. Ed. Kranz ano Rote,m. Berlinl Spri liljer-Vt2r 1 ag.

17. HEMAUDIERE, G. & ~~QIQgiQ ªnbiufl§ Organisation.

AUTR lUUE, A. \1 98;;). ~Q!l!;r.iQ\,!l;.iQU s':' 1':' ªiclfslo§. Rome: Foco ano Agriculture

•

18. HUESINK,W.G. & IHWIN, M.E. <198óL So')'bean mr:.s¡:.!c ¡¡;no SDmp

implícatiolis. In C!.ilü:!;. llicbl§ !i1l1!;!smi.i;l?.t ü),!uil",L.iou ... t!QQQUiUU aro E:t:.,ª,Qí..!;J~i[!!l º~1:J;;!!:!O:;:!li2' pp. 295-313.·.·Ed.· S. D. McLe¡¡;n. H.l~. Garn,u. ""id W.6. ·r~ut?Ginl(. N .... Yorlel Academ1'C Pn¡;ss.

19. SCHULTZ, S.A., lRWlN, M.E. '" SOODMAN, R.M. (1985). Relationship of aphid 01ú'i10ptera: Aphididae) lar.oing ratl?s to ttH¡¡' fielc1 spr-i?i< úf SOYUh'l'-' IIlOS.'; ,: vi '-us. ';¡wlJCOsl 9f !ii;QoQmi& [;;D.!;QwQIQ9.i 1 U, 143--147.

20. TlfRESH. J.M.11981 .. ). Plant virus disp4).al. In Ih!lt tJQifl!!!!tol ªOD !2tS:!1.b:!:.!?s!!. [d. eí1Cu;.\.!lt\dt:.ªu.~ !1l!!lQüaúG.e !2wUI:=. í:hmul. .. ~p :~1-lu6 u:tJs. Il.R. Macken:::ie, C.S. Barfield, G. [J. f':"""'l-iJy, K.U. L<i~"iJt" ",.d U.J. T¿;v¡:;nta), Claitors, B .. ton ROlUJe.

~l. THI\ESH, J.I1. (1987). Trie populatíon dynamics of pl¿,nt virus di seas,-,,;. In E9llhll~:tiQQ§ 91 ¡:l!¡;¡Ql [l¡¡jlbQ9frOá: !Dl,r!t: !1iDii!!l!i&á ¿QU u!.tU!d.1C:2. (Eds. t1. S. Wolfe and C. E. Cat en). Q::f oró: [tl"cl,w"ll Sc,?i,·,tífic. llispers,ü of Agriculturally li/,po,-t .. nce Biotic

." " .+ •. Agent, !lI.l ~!=lºg''"jEºÉ';':' º.:cB~· t1i1lGt!!lmi!? ... ¡; ... §.:. .!Hllr:Hfrl!1l § .... !2';'-'" L~'úf.Hi(ib . .1. G.!J2.:. [tf¿[!J§,[ iHHJ JJ.!.J.!. Iª~'ú"ªD1~2 . .L ~lf:!lih·r:.É¿ ~.!!~~I!J r.hl~Y~J.

,,~ ..

~'Dij UBL:'lf0U~ 8.:., JJ 2'2;'1.:. Ibrt Cs-le1iQD!:bit! tlg!;r:H¿§,P ~ebi!1 11i9Di1i ~L 1~~ gQC~~fj·Qi Q~t~lQ ~iLW~ 1:~ j~~Y:Ul i~ 1~~ U~lbuc!~udjL L~!\,! !,'r·"-i'~,-"rrt.l .:;_~f!~ ]::'lr"~

':f{'1N UfH!C:I- U!:-ü!" l~Zr ~ 1~~:'LL;.Luü.Lt0LL(~'Lt ~L [.'L'\. ~}~,u· ~:LCU'2 L~::H!!.- r~\.::Llli;:f· •• .:'lillh~ .Jt:.tU 1, .. 11

I ',t-f-""~~¡ q'I'· ("'If "- ,,- _. +

UI ,',\\lltJlt."J:' ~.'~:.)j~::,_l'

......... _ ...

1. DURABLE EQU If'MENT:

Nl<t house n,,,ter i al s;_.

cages/plastic pot;:; .. t:cltlllioriÚG

EXI'ENor.BLl:: EQUlf'MENT 1

Traps/flúldsuppliosl Lab. ra"yenlM/viMI&

3. U',BDUI'lI ¡;¡;'; 1 Sli.t4CE.:

4.

S~.,i llf2d/dc<;j 1 y '-dtf:U aSi5i~td.'ILl:: Ir. {¡eld/ nl:it hous.? S ludí es

TBAVEL/SLJBSl STI;NCE:

:.;~ t '--:Y' suLjlf Oj8Ct sti:tf f for survey/visits

b) für aplü el" m:pf?t-t h'wI" lJuru/,di to vlsi t for lacal traininu oi párti e i pants i 11 apt,i d 1 dent i ii e .. ti Ofl.

::;. ADMINl STRA nVE:

Co/r.lI.u¡ü cat i CJnl f't<púr t/lfd'o'-Iu~tlun

13

(WF'EI~D 1X . 1

AMOUNT 1 N US DOLLi',fl!3 ,

ZAH MAL TAN TOTAL --r---

1000 500 1:;j()(}

1000 500 200 1500

t 500 1 ("H)Q ~,OO :!(i.CH)

,

1000 700 300 ~ooo

---- --- --- 1000

500 300 200 1000

i '

'1( 't 'Er~D 1 Y. J 1

... __ "~ ________ ~>ri,_".,~_~. ___ ,~~ _ ..• _ .. _____ ._,,, , __ ~ ____ ..... ___ ~ ••.... _ ..•.. _--~ .. ~_ ....

U,M MRL TAN 101 AL

1. DlJW1ULE [C,¡UIPMEtH:

Net /-¡OUSI? matet-i al s- 1('00 SOO 500 2000 cages/plDstjc pots ,~C.t:t.d;;'l.aüj·l (2'5

EXPE:NOABLE EQUIFMEN1: -----------~._--------T,- ... ,H"/fi.:dd",upplil?sl 200(> 1000 1000 40('" Lab. fc:c.H.;jt::nts/vidls

3. LA[¡OUIVA5SISTANCE:

"

"'U 11 t:ú;'J." 1 y j" ,-"'\tüu 2000 1 (HJ(, lt)UU 400u as:.~i st cil.et: in O"ld/ , ... ::l 1,i..Jusl: stL\di ,?os

4. J I.:M· ... 'EL/bUBS 1 S1 ;;NCE:

------------------ J' ~

~} i ü" sub¡,r",j ect staf f 2000 100l) 1000 4000 fü( sury¡;,y/visits

. tlDMU,nSll::t'jl1\'E: •. ! ..

-_._-----------l.ülUfflu.r,1 C¿'lt i Qi"ll ln(lO 500 5.00 2000 ,.~t:, ,uF 1: / i r.i CirfHat ion

B(lOO 4000 '1000 16000

ZAM MAL TAN 101AL

19(1) 500 500 200(>

2000 1 000 100'''' '1 u'X>

2000 10(a) 1 (i(H) ti {)()1)

t

• 2000 1000 1 (I(l(> 4000 .-

1000 500 ~OO 2000

; aooo 'loor; 40<)1) 1 é,Ol)('

, •• GD.I.W;!.:

PI <Ice

F aflller' 5 Nalfle

11. CHOPPING utt.TAILS:

Di "tí-U: t ,

Prov! nca:

Sampll? No.:

Planting datlu

, , .

el i ¡¡.bi ng/Ert:cl

1 ll.

r'u.t,l! : fU.

6

':,

jn

APlilD/llCM'v INCIDENCE

t,f'll! \)

fiestÍl:ide usedl

(1 -5 RATI NG ) PLANTS/FIELD)

rLlitH t~LI •

1" L.

13

14

1" ,j

16

1',' : . :'

APllI D : FtrMV

. , , ~ l'

Pl.ANT r~u.

".""'" -~

~".- :

1)'

m'm D: ¡;CMV

: .,--- ~ ...

NUN!:: !FLWIf1i\f ¡'(

-- Adúl ts NONE/FEl-I/MANY

ISyrploi ds)

Adults NONC /FEW/tlAN'(

NUNE/FEWIMANY

NfltW /ITW/M(';NY

,. • • ,. • A • _ • " .. .. ,.

•

V. INCIDENCE 01-' üTHER PESTS (1-::; RATlN¡';)

" . ' ..

- Ded"fly

..

- I JI..Jl''It -, ti If J.I'~

t". '" ••• " ¡ ¡'hHJI\

", I ,t_ ~j

1;.1,:; \'.í ¡ i

"

" . ,. " ........ ,. ....

. ' "

¡ '1 \ j j t t • -

APPENDIX 11

-"'---~

FIRST DRAFT OF PROPOSAL

GRADUATE TRAINING COURSE IN

CROPPING SYSTEMS WITH BEANS

ARUSHA, TANZANIA 21 May - 15 June, 1990

lhE' SADl·':/ ./t:: 1 ¡:.:>¡ r l~I~-;r;.ll Dni:-\ 1 Pr'fjg r"¿unOle on Beans in Soulhern Africa l'Ji she-s t:o 8nnOt1nCI-::;" a four---week. training !:'i"y{:;d:pm(".; \\Itth ht~ans (Phaseolus vLllg,~:':/.ri$

qY·,:':\dU_i4.t É~~-::; in d l ]r-OfIDfilY arí(j soc.i o--f?-conomic:s.

OBJECTIVE

CQLtrSe

L. ) for in c:rnpping

university

'r h¡:·;:t 111M j n nb j f~-~c:t j 'i/::"? O f l' he CDur-se .i s t:o teat::h tec.hn iques for both ('n-51~C\t..i.Clf) ""d on-"f ,,,"m t\l;Jronomy and socio-economics. About 601. nf i hp (-nl1t'~~ir:-' t- imt,:' l,.¡j 11. be dpvnt~_,,:,d to practical excer"cises in the fjeld.

SUBJECT MATTER

1. Cr'(1ppillq 1j",~/str~!TI~; (tr'aditi.on!~l and improved) .. ,~: .. npnl-:-~t ir.: rE~';:;Ully" .. t:-? antl br·(.::edjnt,.l~

". Crup mUI''"phnl.n(JY, phystnloqy and development .. 4~ r:)tdrd te '"5-'~'r'F-;ssP~~ (mineY'al nt.,tr·it.io~,. phospharus, biologícal

niLrugen fixat.ion, drought). 5~ Riotj(: strcsses (diseases. insect pests, weed identification

ar.d management). b. Trial design (field book preparation, layout, management and

moni.ioring)" 7. Un~~"f;~rm f-~;S8t'H'ch (c::onr:f_:pt, st.Aqes, trial sequences, case

5tudier;~ t-.\t~c .. ).

8. C,denc:!<'r' ur "cUv; t.i"'5 fo,.- on'''slation a"d on-farm research. 9. Ev",l"",tinl'l 01 technology (íncluding farmer particl.patory

Fe<'-'1¡:.'~~r·f:h) ..

l(i" r'li,(.ro-(~c:orl(,'Hn.J.CSa

1 L Pida {o] ¡"'ctim. and analysis (intr'oduction ,to min'o-computer dl'ld ~Ih fr'T) •

17 .. Ayromel:ellrolügy. 1:5. Writlng end presentlng scientific paper •. j 4-. ~)pp 1 i Cd t: ions 1 Dr r' esear eh funds .. 15. Field .'isi r"s.

GENERAL INFORMATION

NOMINATION

()¡¡1¡ nnm!n¿:;r"('inn=-3 that are 'St.!ppDY"ted by the candidates' employe-r ~rlrl processe~i 1.hrollgtl the national representative on the Steering f:uliHld·¡- h7:f? V·)1 11 be accepted.. Sel f nomine:lt-ions \'Id.ll not be

1

-

I

aUAL! F 1 CAT ION

f::itadu8t"f:.>S in c:u;p-jcultpr'E' who .'4.r"e t?ithey" ~~grc)nomíst$ 01'" socío-economi 5t~: ¡~nd an;~ \.\loy-k ing.in cr-opptng systems "'J i. th bei-lf1s .. C,-.,ndjd¡:;l'f¡;;s should bE? in qoor:! phystcal health.

LANGUAGE

1'; íf? ! our 'é,;L' wi 1 J b(~' ti ..• u:,:¡ht in Er 19 1 i 5 h wi th 1 ec:tures pr,<c1:i.c,'ls i'!t: Um Aqr"iculf:ural Res;earch and Traininq Se::"'> 1 lar!:t: ~~n.,t~,tlEl.

ACCOMODATION ANO MEALS

and mnst. Inst.itute,

F';.,-h r::: ¡,¡dl,t"; vli.ll, tJ.? acc:omorJah,d 1,0 a moder'ately priced hotel. wtl~r'~ ttl~y wil1 also have their meals.

STIPEND

pr·-!r·'¡_];·~r:,.\;·l¡·.'::' 'Nll} b.? pfdd the )n(~;;\l equivalent of USD$ JO_oo per ,1;,0' ,le, 1"":1,,,1 ",oney, fcw ttm 'first 15 days, thereafter at: U[-i$ ;',. d,.,~/. f,¡ ~,()t'" L, i on uf th€~~ s ti ppnd i5 payable instead in USD to C~~:'~; i ~-) t Y nLI dur infJ ,fI:::)Ur· r-eturn trave 1 •

2

APpENllIX 12

HEDUES1 FOR FUNDING SUPPORT FRON CIAT/SADce SEAN PHOGRI~M FOR A TRAINING WORf~SHOP ON IDENfIFICATION UF APIHV SPECIES AND FIELD TECHNIG'UES FOH APHID-BCMV SUBPROJECT/NE1WORK PARTICIPANTS ..

lhe CIAT!SADCC subproiect netWGrk on bean ciphid-BCMV studies!, \....;hich was proposed to be a lambia-Malawi joint effort from mid j 989!t h~'5 nüvi bean proposed to be revi sed to accommodate Tao:zanl a al so ~nd the main actl vi ties at-e e¡'ipect{?ó to commence by end of 1989-eaFl y 19(10~

ln thr::· nfr'lc¿ .. i'i DE'an Entoif¡ologists Meeting held in August 1989, 1.hE- cr'i tiLal iITtpOr~tance e:f Lr'aining in identificatíeon Df aphid species bt?ing collected either a.s landing Off bean plants or in ¿._phid tt-aps ano in r-el;;;ted fiF?ld rnr~thQdGlogies of aphid - BCM'V studie~. was highlighted. Th19 project requíres lo ínítially ascet-tain the rangt? of­Ci.phid species l¿<.nding on/infestiny beans in the different ecologies .:"fll:i th~·it- pC¡f.lÍ~i10"titJT, dynamics in t-elation to BCMV íncidence .. A good J~n0wledye 01 and trair1ing in idffiltification of the different aphi~ species 15 thErefoF"R ",,:r.:r''1 '_f t.tci~l to the progres5 and sGundness of thE' hiürk envisaged in thE prüject net~iürk. Field techniQ1l9s Off aphids r"t~l ati fH.J tu BCMV al so r-eq1.Jit·-E;< f ami 1 i ari sati on befat-e the concerned naLitH"l¿l t8~ms !.Htdt?r·takE" the field studies. A training wot-kshop on LhesE' ¿~~,Jects 15 tt,e'"f?fot-e proposed as being very vital to the pr-(JiJr-ess üf the subprüject netwDj-k" The expert in the ídentification uf C!<.i.·hius lüCrit ~?d in [{LB' undi {Dr* Autr-ique!" ISABU}, has agreed to be ¿i v ·¿d12ble ín second h¿ilf of Januar-·y 199(; f{jt- a possible tt~aining '.lOfkshop sp.ssinr.. A tt?ntatíve pt-ogram for this tr·ainíng workshop to be h'?ld at L1J( .. ng...."e 1.5 encloseú in Appendi;.; 1, while appendi;,.; II indicates tI ,E" f'a'.:.:i 1 iti~::>t.5/iH¿~ter~idls f'EQuired to be arrar,ged •

Realising the gr-E'at impcwtance of this tt-aining WOt-kshop sessiÜff, lt!f-..? HE·t .... H)I'·k f?nloiflologists have offered to 5cale down theif' dllucdti2u r·esc,urt.:e~ in the sUbproject so to meet tha CDst üf travEl!l tJú¿.r-dl ¡'Y ~í"ld 1 I"JdiJing ~ dbout US ; 1 nOO) tDlt.Jards i nvi ti ni.] ttie ¡--esou,.-ce j)i2t-son ter dssi st wJ ttt the b'"dining pf·oyt~am.

T0 i!,i¡',i,üls0 lt'a~el costs for' the subproject network rj~t t.U::i.P;::tilts" it 15 f .. H'·üpüsed th~t t.hE Zambian d.frd Tanzanian teams Nill 'tJ~Y~"J by' ; r.! 2' tL. lh€":, estim.crted· budys:t to meet the E}q:H::::·rJi:ji tur'E:? towards

l'rC.f\Ji:?l/bD<;-<r.-Jiq';J/lr ... FJging/other· faciliti.~5 far the II network IJ,:"f·f~i.Lij}ant:s ft"Oii, ¡'~lithi,rl SADee {('tpiJEndi:,; 111) No¡-ks out lo U5 ¡ ~5000

lfds un f c·,(· S6't?1 I >:2~q~.t?ndiLuf···f.? \·..¡hích 15 nüt pU5síble tü be mEt by the pr-l..Jjl-;:'c.t +ijllr~s: 1".:, t.hETf. . .d0V"i--:: beiny requesled fo~- funding suPPOt-t from Ule Cltd lEd-iDCC ~,f"'üt:;Jr·éI.ffI as a special case. It may onc.e again be f-.?{hph~sise.J the¡t this traíning \<'iot-kshop wouId indeed be e}~tremely ·~r i t.i cal Lo the SUCCESS ü·f lhe Dl?dn aph.i d - DCM\l subproj ect network wlnch ls q(J~·.l in d rE:'¡lsed stage w}th tt",,-ee natiünal teams in SADee as p~,·tic.iJ-!;;;'Jfts#

2

Itppendi;~ 1

'H\t1INU~U !/IOt:!"~.¡HtW' ON lDt:.NrIFICATION OF APHID SPECIES AND ;.7IELD ; ECHNli}UE:::, r'~)H BEi1N ¡~PHID-r::Ct1V SUBPROJECT/NETWORK PAF,TICIPANTS

- Di'" L.r1. Ldfttiki, Bf?an Entomologist!" Bunda CQl1ege üf Hyr"lCulture, F" .. O .. 80;: 21~i~ L:ilc.ny~..jt?, MalaHi.

'~1 -- 1990 ...

Anothf:'- r':r'·,.s í-t¿.¡;rticlrJdnts cr:.n be acc:ommodated, if sponsDr-ed:o from b2¿'!i1 p,..-c:·g¡.-a¡-¡s i,! the c2St Al t~ic;;:.:¡ ür'88t L8kes region ..

L,,' Aut f~ i que \¿Iphid identification expert)" ISABU" BUJ umLu¡- ¿', UUí' iJffd 1

lentative Proyram: 3

Da..,.- 1:

Da)" 3;;

Aphids ~ G"mEf-al background, popul ati on ó·ynailíl es anó control.

biology. ecology,

Aphids col1ection, preservation ane! principIEs of identlficatiDn - including keys ..

~ Aptüd specimens from erops ~ identification.

Aphid - Be"\! t-elationship, BeM',,' symptomatology ..

Field technic¡ues/surveys in aphie!/BCMV sLlbproject.

SU¡--vei of íncidence;

flelds, visual ratings ot,her field techn:i¡ques.

•

for aphíd/BCMV

Aphid tt-ap/monitoring/Aphid handling far vector studies ..

Host ,-·ange!seasonal effects on aphi d vector- /behaviour.

Aflernüün: (Pr-actical):

Use of keys fCit- iderrtificatíorr of aplüds

.- Prep¿iTati on of teifrpm-ary/permanerrt mounts of aphi da

For'enoun:

~ \}erlfication/identification of aphíd c:ollections in t, aps/CrOpS.

Af tet-nDon-;

Rf:?:\/i e+·~

netv.¡ock of the p,'ogress/preli mi nary resul ts í n the rret locations.

, - Finalising 1990 "ork plans and collaboration.

4

Y€"llüw tt-dV fDt- coll ec t i Of1 of- ¿phi tJs

.4dJldlii1g e4ui~fuent - needles, forceps~ brushes~ slides, scissors

Aphids w~,_ LDl1~ctioi1S ~Fese~ved in ethanol

Aph.ids slide iftounted specímens

I~ey lar identiflcation~

t1L,;:..~ai e /01 ack ¡-oot syiTrJ,:,-tom - speci mens

5

ANNEXURK 1 II

1. Expenses for Resource P<>rson/Kxpert (to be met from sub­project funds)

- Airfare (excursion fare) BuJumbura - Nairabi - Lilongwe - Nairabi Btdumbura (approx.)

- Boarrling/Lodglng lar 5 nights at Lilangwe liS $ 60 per night

Incidental expenses - 2 nights at Nairobi p tus out. of pocket expenses for 5 nights

US$ 4!-l0. Oc)

300.00

210.00

Total USD$ 1. 000. 00

J I. ~:xpe!l8PS fOl" lti SADCC Net.work Participants (Funding pelng ,request.ed ;f'rom DIAT /SADCC J'rogramU

- Travel foto 3 Tanzanian participants by road at US$

- Travel for 5 Zambian participants - fuel costs

- Boarding/Lodging for participants for 5 nights llS $ 300 per person (excludes 2 local participant,g)

- Out oí pocket allowances for 11 participant.s for 1) njghts (st 10 US$ per night>

- Local expenses - (transport/st.ationary / nomml1lLi ('""tion! oLher t.raining mat.eríals)

TOTAL US~

600.00

100.00

2.700.00

55U.oo

1. 050. 00

5.000.00

--------~-~~--------~-----------------------------

1, Any sponsored part.icipants from out.side SADCC, will arrange t.o meet their expenses entirely froro t.heir own resources.

<'.tuL UHA!"{' OUTLINI1 m' 'l'lIl! l'HOGllAMI11!: b'üJt C{A'f¡U'¡'A womuwl.l I.lUUUP MI!:I!:'¡'lNll ON V1IWB llU;EA¡;¡;;C :)~' m:AN¡; ANU

COWP¡':A~¡ 1 N AJ!'IU CA '('O 1lI~ III!:LU A'r Mf\Kl!:HlW¡,: UNiYl!:Ill:¡'J'Y, KAMPALA, lIGAN!)A, 1'/~21 JAN llJ!lU

'1'0 IJring t-Ot("th",r virologists, anel brBeuer/pIlLltntogihL" cúncürufj(j' with virus dist1üse, Jrom withll1 \;HisteX"n allí! snullF1J'U Afriaa Lu focua attention 00 recent advances made in tllu JUdntl1ication oi viruses naturally inieeting legurnas in Afriea. \-11 th lJilrticular relt::lronca to beans élnd cowpeas; to (:;H 1-, a o li~Jh pn'.)1:i 1:.1"':; aad a progranuue 1'01' future researeh; aud to d",v<Jlop él

"..,lwvrk Jor co11alJoL'ativ'2! rese«rch in the rtlgioll.

Heuent work on th .. distributioll Di atraína 01 bean U OllllllO U mq:"d'; Vij~U.b bhowo J ún th.u onu IHU,d, t.huL ne .. h • .:,t'otiQ !:.Lrd.luL !Jt'tJdUUÜHdLI.;! in Africa (,:lUdí ou t.lu;;I ot.hl2Jl' Íluud, thtire (¡tri;) ul't;)d . ..;

«J. él. I~UÜOl!iil) wtHH'" t,hís i5 appanmtly not the C"~ (U"1"I1"". uupublibl .. "u¡ V.,tt,tlU & UW<Jrd. ptlL'S. GOlllllI. ¡UU::!). 'l'h .. orlglll ,,>J' ntluI'(¡\, le: "L1'a1115 rem,lÍn,; obscura. but W(H'1{ (Laua ~b al" 1 UUU) 011

nüa<.ioll'3JliV5 alllOll!~ sLri>illS ol' llC!1V aud titL'¿ÜllS Ol tite' <.:1"5",1)' 1"Jlilt'J\J b1cHJkuy,,, CUWPt;Jii mvt;«lc virus Inay po¡;"ibly 1!1'OVt1 ¡'I.,l'J"HII L.

lj'iu!¡J ,burVt:tys o.{ bt::Ji;Ulb iu AJrlt,;a also in.dli,Jat.e tbo.L voLyvLru1.>t.;:l.j

p·"s" i L> 1 Y d 1 S t: i ne t t 1'0111 B(;!1V are a 150 oce ... s i Olla 11 y 10uml !tI

IktLuraJ tu tt:JC t.Jons.

CUt;umbt-.Jr Inoaaic virus and COwp(:;ja mild mottlú viru:J rtrt,3 dl~;l)

commonly ldtJutifi8d in u;d ... ul.<¿d. infectiofis oí b(jans th.l'o\JghuuL Llpl

l'dl',ll.JU (H,,), V.--;LLuu, uupuuli::¡hud). TO"t;tt.}~E::Il.", tlHJtH:j Vl'.,llmJtidl'Y 1 illdioU<. ,;ugg,j:¡t Llid IH,,,,d tor a I'<lvit>w oí Lheir [>ot;"ibl,,, jlu!'l i(_~.-.¡1 i.'~'ILf'} t"or uf..fül.::rt,ivu viru.!:.í disea.f-ia mallG.\golll("'fut, in b.)th fHJiO¡:.

dUJ G\fHpu:<-tw aud. Lbt.-;}ir l<t.;;lat>ód VilUStlS.

'l'bu ;)íEH:1tin~ i5 to hú dÍ;!~::;ign~d in such a way as lo m¿¡x iud ;:~t: t'l'OH di!::;.':U;"':;!3ion ánu deLútu from which a cle<lr.l.y dtJfilled J,lJiHi .~f ;:¡(!t,iun ali.t)utd fJlJHJl'gu. ll'h .. ., tlj.t'Ult.il, lYhlch fol.low!-'i prt;;viuIJ;-J el!,'¡' l·.lIl !\ll'¡,;,.tlt W' .• )'kioL; (·;I·'.IUj)t., will t:<Jmpr1.~t-) ~~t.l:"':!$loJ'!zJ t..tPI1!.·,.,);,lflldL,:Jy

lA:> ,,11(,,111 Ih:.l"W. u",dl I-¡ltb il L"niÍ J)iscus,wnt lH1d l<iJPPOl'tuUI'.

1

•

lult'úduct.ion ": partieipúJILi:;, prúgeiuIlIU'-J ¡'lId 0Uji.jGt.lvu~..:;

Viru;j dulu·:Ljvu i.h 1',lLtltl ¿Hid ;:~u(.fd .

L,;.::td lJi [~\;u~.~:;'¿¡.1I1. HdlJ.Pu r"tt.lu)'

Virus idt::-rtLi fi':..!dtll)!J étHd guogl'':Jphical dist.rjhutiun irl ~~5~Brn & Souttlttrn Ail·ic~

L,~ttd Di SCUbl;ant

¡'apPul'U,ur

Virus sLrélins implicatioIls

origin~ and

bt1¿arJ l'i 5CUbbdll L l\apporteur :

Vil·US eco1ok<Y aud 4.:twouomic importance

'Juad lJisCLts:"(Aut HapporLtiut' :

V i.l'U!:; upidfJIUl~J!oHY

s"od aHd w~,tlds

Vt..u; tu r l;j t

LuaLl lJiSCUc.SUllL H",!!porl..,ul' :

V"VCl 1v!!"'(," t of <I¡¡ ae cian pian VlrologitiL'b vur~p~ctiv~

L''J<id Vi scussan t Happorteur :

Lh,;Jvol~J1-itlh.$Hl- 01' aU iíct.lvll plan l!r""d61" s !>el'spect.ivEJ

))r, ~)dIU~;UU UWtjl'd

11,', 'fL.;"ul Al.dl.lll'uzük H,', ¡.¡ í "b,.tu l Umuny 111 1'['»1', Alli.1H litillli Lana NI':;. () l i v 1 i.t Vongtr-Muk0ko i1:.... J'ftt..J·II~tü N~",w.il'a H.·, CJJy 11~_j(~iwd

1-1;" B. 11".Lalaot,H l·1.' . . 1,Ullt.,H ,..1. Thouri jlr. 'l'IH:1I'.l!.i" A'L(.:}HHII

LuCid Discu!:d;;ünt HapJ,>ort<:lur :

U!:i,,;tIHJd litl,iv¡;iit iÚ:tuy i.\ ·l'iH.l;;~ania

Z imbé.lbwt-J H¿LldWi Zamtíl. i.:-.t

Uot5wana !{ulIya C.s.muroLIll

~),'.i1Il:-~vn UWtj t'.c.l

1);.,'/ld AII""

(j,!yJt)í~d Hll¡k Al L.1tt I¡'ulll.i LUIIH

.Jttpp VuLtt,'1I (it';:,;¡'g'j 'l'llut.LfilIPI 1,1-.'

IJitViCl 1111 •• '1

lJuHuiu l\(gl!-,~q l Iluwal'll lit'id1.,y

AJ.ld.l1 11'uuLl LalliJ V,I'I. Ndl.k

VL1vid Walk",y SaulsoH UWt.:l'a

lloHard Ut'id ]",.1' Oli vL"-,, Nuk(lh(J

I

oXlum lNV 1l'Jill l'Al\'1'1¡;l1'I\N'l'I;

• VI". fl.J. Vetten

'" ¡)r-. ,;, 1. t'link

Ve _ [<r¡JlIC 1 ~;C() f1oru] eti

Il". 11.1-1. JúJ<;clf;l VI'. David A U,,,,

Dr. D.M. Nclik

['l". ¡LE. GI"id '-el' ¡ 1'1'. lJ.{~,JL W",lk,,,y

l>Ji\ IIUflI::' , l!)fiU.

UM)VCIAT :c;p"cial l'r·o,i,;ct • Hrüunschwelg ~ WcHt (ic;'l'UlcHIY

CHSP /Wi;1uhing l,CJU St,~.tG ~ Pl'OH~;~f' J

USA Vi ro logiwL. erA']', (;ulowbib. Vjr'ologist, llTA, HIglcl'ia Pe. tho 101': i st/Coo ",jj rw t;u l'. (' I AT

T [J. n Z/,.1J 11l:l f'athnlogist/Coortlirfu!cof', 1 j 1'1\

Zimbabwe Bl'e~df'tr, CIA'!" UU¿ill(iu. IIlH/CIA"I'/OPI\ ::(>,",-"1" 1 l'luJe"L

Wellesborun¡;, U. ¡(.

A PPENDIX 14

U~a_~l J!11!~r0Vnl!1fUl~ -ªng .Mr')~-º_re"JDé J.n B-ª11ª11.9_=J.la""g l\..a.ge1;,"\ J5a.s j 11 P.:t l'Le§J:..ex!! 1'-aJliO.ªrÜlh

j¿1'9_PJ'J, ni{

PO\)J))~j{ ~:¿5_1~ ~iYS.t.81l1$ Q.t. .:lb~ !-!g<,-ln~Jª ¿'oso! 1~~?_fl_cV.!

C1A1' kegional Programme tor ~R5tern-Atrica, ciAUl:C¡CIAT I<e!'(ion"l I"rorramme on lJeClns in Southern-AlricC\. CIAT Programme tor tho Groat Lakes kegion 01 Central AlricB.

'1'0 bring toget,her national and ref,ional scientist,s concernr,rI \d tll h('.,n~hanana systems and agro1orcstry lo cover the main rF)~)f~;-tl:cl1

si t,ps .')nd cont,rasting tarmtng syst,ems in this sma1J, eI'en,,"!)' POpll I "ted anel important area oi boan production based on IJ'lna,,,,,, ~s a stap.l.e, spanning three coun1Jri'~!; at Il8ak season; and '[o dlscuss and devise sLraLegIcs by which to increaS0 prOdtll~tj_vity of beans in a low irlput, sustajnable mannar.

l.iuo 1<: Nov,

11011 j;1 Nov,

Tlle 11 Nov,

tlov.

'f'hur 16 Nov,

I"'i. 1'1 Nov.

~~l1n 1.8 Nov.

A", .. embl,. KampaJa, Hotel} .

in B.!lllcoQ.ª wi j,h 3 vehiclc5 (one ""eh 1 ¡-OIn

Hubona aod Arusha) (Lake Hotel or 1l3tlann

Visit 1'AW)-~1~ruku" U,"iefing on research progr~nl!n~ by lJirector. I)n-tarm triaJs in I:lukoba lJistrJcL

Briefing on agricultural production by UCginllDl Agriculture lJevelo)"nent Ufficer, Bukoba. Un·tan11 tr1als in Mulaba.

Bukoba - Kayanga. llrlpfing by lJistrict. Visit TAkU-Kituntu. ~lasaka (Hotel'!).

IJAVU on K;1 r C\ gH(~

Kélyanga - IC:rké1 i.

tl:csaka - tll),3 rara - Kabnle (llighland flot,el).

Visit tria1s at Kachwekano, I<eturn Kabale.

Kabale - k.arnnr:yc~re - Kisoro - Cyanika - Hlt111~~n~1/!rj - tlisen¡ri (1I,)t,Ú Izuba Meridlen).

IJay free (N~ de Volcans ?).

Vislt trials at ¡'.w",rere; to Uutare (lIotel lbis).

l~rieJing on r",sr"arch aL ltubonl'l by lJirecl,eq- oj

lSAK. Visit trtRJs. ~'art,ici. ants 0:i",,,1'''''. \KUL-NIJU 114u-l'/ulJ. ti'.) ".: t)