12.4 – standard deviation
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12.4 – Standard Deviation. Measures of Variation. The range of a set of data is the difference between the greatest and least values. The interquartile range is the difference between the third and first quartiles. median Find the median. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
12.4 – Standard Deviation
Measures of Variation
The range of a set of data is the difference between the greatest and least values.
The interquartile range is the difference between the third and first quartiles
There are 9 members of the Community Youth Leadership Board.
Find the range and interquartile range of their ages: 22, 16, 24, 17,
16, 25, 20, 19, 26.
greatest value – least value = 26 – 16 Find the range.
= 10
Q3 – Q1 = 24.5 – 16.5 Find the interquartile range.= 8
The range is 10 years. The interquartile range is 8 years.
median Find the median.
16 16 17 19 20 22 24 25 26
Q1 = = 16.5 Q3 = = 24.5 Find Q1 and Q3.(16 + 17)
2(24 + 25)
2
Example
More Measures of Variation
Standard deviation is a measure of how each value in a data set varies or deviates from the mean
2. Find the difference between each value and the mean:
3. Square the difference:
5. Take the square root to find the standard deviation
4. Find the average (mean) of these squares:
1. Find the mean of the set of data:
Steps to Finding Standard Deviation
x
xx 2)( xx
n
xx 2)(
n
xx 2)(
Standard Deviation
Find the mean and the standard deviation for the values 78.2, 90.5,
98.1, 93.7, 94.5.
The mean is 91, and the standard deviation is about 6.8.
234.045
= 6.8
= = 91 Find the mean.(78.2 + 90.5 + 98.1 +93.7 +94.5)5
x
= Find the standard deviation.
(x – x)2
n
Organize the nextsteps in a table.78.2 91 –12.8 163.84
90.5 91 –0.5 .2598.1 91 7.1 50.4193.7 91 2.7 7.2994.5 91 3.5 12.25
x
x
x – x
(x – x)2
Let’s Try One – No Calculator!
Find the mean and the standard deviation for the values 9, 4, 5, 6
Find the mean. x
= Find the standard deviation.
(x – x)2
n
Organize the nextsteps in a table.
x
x
x – x
(x – x)2
Let’s Try One – No Calculator
Find the mean and the standard deviation for the values 9, 4, 5, 6
The mean is 6, and the standard deviation is about 1.87.
= = 6 Find the mean.(9+4+5+6)4
x
= Find the standard deviation.
(x – x)2
n
Organize the nextsteps in a table.9 6 3 9
4 6 -2 45 6 -1 16 6 0 0
sum 14
x
x
x – x
(x – x)2
87.12
14
4
56
4
4
4
14
More Measures of Variation
Z-Score: The Z-Score is the number of standard deviations that a value is from the mean.
A set of values has a mean of 22 and a standard deviation of 3. Find the
z-score for a value of 24.
Z-Score
= 0.6
= Simplify.23
= Substitute.24 – 22
3
z-score = value – mean standard deviation
A set of values has a mean of 34 and a standard deviation of 4. Find the
z-score for a value of 26.
Z-Score
= -2
= Simplify.-84
= Substitute.26 – 34
4
z-score = value – mean standard deviation
Standard DeviationUse the data to find the mean and standard deviation for daily
energy demands on the weekends only.
Step 1: Use the STAT feature to enter the data as L1.
S M T W Th F S53 52 47 47 50 39
33 40 41 44 47 49 4339 47 49 54 53 46 3633 45 45 42 43 39 3333 40 40 41 42
Step 2: Use the CALC menu of STAT to access the 1-Var Stats option.
The mean is about 36.1 MWh;
The mean is x.
the standard deviation is about 3.6 MWh.
The standarddeviation is x.