12. mobile ip
TRANSCRIPT
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MobileIP
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OutliOutlinene
10.1 Addressing10.1 Addressing
10.2 Agents10.2 Agents
10.3 Three Phases10.3 Three Phases
10.4 Inefficiency in Mobile IP10.4 Inefficiency in Mobile IP
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1. ADDRESSING
The main problem that must be solved in providing mobile communication using the IP protocol is addressing.
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Topics Discussed in the SectionTopics Discussed in the Section
Stationary Host Mobile Host
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The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part
of the address defines the network to which the host is attached.
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Home address and care-of address
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Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host: one home address and
one care-of address.
The home address is permanent; the care-of address changes as the
mobile host moves from one network to another.
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2. AGENTS
To make the change of address transparent to the rest of the Internet requires a home agent and a foreign agent.
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Topics Discussed in the SectionTopics Discussed in the Section
Home Agent Foreign Agent
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Home agent and foreign agent
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When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same, the care-of address is called a colocated
care-of address.
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3. THREE PHASES
To communicate with a remote host, a mobile host goes through three phases: agent discovery, registration, and data transfer. The first phase, agent discovery, involves the mobile host, the foreign agent, and the home agent. The second phase, registration, also involves the mobile host and the two agents. Finally, in the third phase, the remote host is also involved. We discuss each phase separately.
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Topics Discussed in the SectionTopics Discussed in the Section
Agent Discovery Registration Data Transfer
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Mobile hostafter move Remote host
Time Time Time Time Time
Mobile hostwhen at home
Foreign agentHome agent
Remote host and mobile host configuration
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Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement; it uses
the router advertisement packet of ICMP, and appends an agent
advertisement message.
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Agent advertisement
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Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation;
it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP.
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Registration request format
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Registration reply format
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A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434.
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Figure 10.7 Data transfer
Homeagent
Foreignagent
Mobile hostoriginal home Remote
host
Mobilehost
Internet
Home network
Foreign network
Remote network
2
1
3
4
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The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet.
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4. INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient. The inefficiency can be severe or moderate. The severe case is called double crossing or 2X . The moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing.
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Topics Discussed in the SectionTopics Discussed in the Section
Double Crossing Triangle Routing
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Double crossing
Homeagent
Foreignagent
Remotehost
Could-bepath
Mobilehost
Internet
Homenetwork
Foreign network
1
2
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Triangle routing
Homeagent
Foreignagent
Remotehost
Could-bepath
Mobilehost
Internet
Homenetwork
Foreign network
Remote network
1
2
3