11th national convention on statistics (ncs) edsa shangri...

11th National Convention on Statistics (NCS) EDSA Shangri-La Hotel

October 4-5, 2010

EXCERPTS FROM THE NSCB-UNICEF PROJECT ON THE GLOBAL STUDY ON CHILD POVERTY AND DISPARITIES:

THE CASE OF THE PHILIPPINES STATISTICAL ANNEX

by

Lina V. Castro

For additional information, please contact:

Presenter’s name

Lina V. Castro

Designation Assistant Secretary General Affiliation National Statistical Coordination Board Address 403 Sen. Gil Puyat Avenue, Makati City Tel. no. +632-8952395 E-mail [email protected]

111th National Convention on StatisticsLVC/4-5 October 2010 Republic of the Philippines

NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD

Excerpts from the NSCBExcerpts from the NSCB--UNICEF ProjectUNICEF Projecton theon the

Global Study on Child Poverty and Disparities: Global Study on Child Poverty and Disparities: The Case of the PhilippinesThe Case of the Philippines

STATISTICAL ANNEXSTATISTICAL ANNEX

11th National Convention on Statistics4-5 October 2010

Presented byMs. Lina V. Castro

Assistant Secretary GeneralNational Statistical Coordination Board



I. Background

II. Data Sources and Limitation

III. Highlights of the Statistical Annex

IV. Additional Activities

Outline



The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) marks the international commitment to reduce poverty and the worst forms of human deprivation by 2015.

It embodies specific targets and milestones for the development of children, which include the following:

• Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

• Achieve universal primary education

• Reduce child mortality

• Improve maternal health

I. Background



With 2015 fast approaching, UNICEF enhanced its commitment to present evidence, analysis, policy and partnerships to promote gender equality and deliver results for all children by undertaking the Global Study on Child Poverty and Disparities.

This Study is carried out in 46 countries.

It generally aims to:

• Focus on how poverty and disparities impact children, which can be used to support efforts that protect children from risk, adversity and disadvantage.

• Look at gaps and opportunities in national poverty reduction strategies

I. Background



I. Background

POVERTY STATISTICS currently being produced by NSCB:

1. Official poverty statistics at the national, regional and provincial levels (2000,2003 and 2006)

2. Official poverty statistics for the 8 of the 14 basic sectors, including CHILDREN (2000, 2003 and 2006)

3. City and municipal level poverty estimates (2000 and 2003)



I. Background

However, other non-income indicators on children in poverty should also be considered.

Further, on 10 January 2007, the UN General Assembly defined children living in poverty as those who are deprived of the following:

• Nutrition, water and sanitation facilities;• Access to basic health-care services;• Shelter• Education• Participation



I. Background

Hence, the Philippine Statistical System (PSS), through the NSCBand PIDS deemed that it is necessary to come-up with a compilation of multi-dimensional information on children in poverty through the Global Study. It consists of the following:

The Policy Template, which is designed to assess existing national efforts aimed at reducing child poverty and disparitiesin MDG progress, was undertaken by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS).

The Statistical Template contains a comprehensive compilation of relevant child poverty indicators generated from various official data sources and nationally conducted surveys. It used the Template of the UNICEF as the main reference, while allowing for some flexibility to incorporate the Philippine-specific development agenda and the available statistics from existing data collection.



II. Data Sources and Limitations

Data Sources

1. National Statistics Office (NSO)

• National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)• Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS)• Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES)• Labor Force Survey (LFS)• Census of Population and Housing (CPH)• Census-Based Population Projections• Annual Poverty Indicator Survey (APIS)

2. National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)

• National Accounts of the Philippines (NAP)• Official Poverty Statistics




Data Sources

3. Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI)

• National Nutrition Survey (NNS)

4. Department of Budget and Management

• Budget of Expenditures and Sources Financing

5. Department of Health

• Philippine Health Statistics• Field Health Service Information System




Data Sources

7. Department of Social Welfare and Development

8. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

• Balance of Payments (BOP)

9. Department of Education

• Basic Education Information System (BEIS)• DECS Statistical Bulletin




Limitations

• The statistical tables were completed based on data set from existing data collections available to NSCB.

• No additional data collection was done.

• The MICS only covers data among 24 provinces covered by the Country Program for Children (CPC). Hence, all estimates generated from this survey, do not actually represent the national situation.

• Data from the National Nutrition Survey only covers children 0 to 10 years old based on the data set provided to NSCB.

• Some of the complex statistical tables were divided into simpler tables according to data sources for easier references among users of the handbook.




Limitations

• At the time when the statistical tables were produced, only the National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) public use file (PUF) for 2003 was available, which is a major source of data for most of the cross tabulations.

• Hence, 2003 was used as reference year for most of the tables.




The Statistical Annex is divided into three major parts:

• Part One: Children and Development

Provides a general profile of children based on population structure, socio-economic profile of families with children, and the MDGs. It also provides information on our economy, income inequality and public revenues and expenditures.

• Part Two: Poverty and Children

Contains indicators on income poverty, deprivation among children and their correlates, and child mortality

• Part Three

Highlights statistics on the five pillars of child well-being as identified by UNICEF: nutrition, health, child protection, education and social protection




The seven severe deprivations:

1. Shelter – Children living in a house with no floor material

2. Sanitation facilities – Children with no access to a toilet facility of any kind

3. Safe drinking water – Children using surface water such as rivers, ponds, streams and dams or who takes 30 minutes or longer to collect water (walk to the water, collect it and return)

4. Information – Children (aged 3-17 years) with no access to any of the following: radio, television, telephone, newspaper or computer (i.e., all forms of media)




The seven severe deprivations:

5. Food – Children who are more than three standard deviations below the international reference population of stunting (height for age) or wasting (height for weight) or underweight (weight for age). This is also known as severe anthropometric failure.

6. Education – Children (aged 7-17 years old) of schooling age who have never been to school or who are not currently attending school

7. Health – Children who did not receive immunization against any diseases or who did not receive treatment for a recent illness involving an acute respiratory infection or diarrhea



II. Highlights of the Statistical Annex

No. of Tables

45

4

2

5

3

2

16

3

11

14

4

5

6

15

Template

Topic

Actual

Part One: Children and Development 14

Table 1.1 Children poverty and disparities 6

Table 1.2 The political, economic and institutional context 5

Table 1.3 Resource allocation as evidence of commitment to childresults

3

Part Two: Poverty and Children 13

Table 2.1 Income poverty and deprivations affecting children

10

Table 2.2 Child survival and equity 3

Part Three: The Pillars of Child Well Being 12

Table 3.1 Nutrition 2

Table 3.2 Health 3

Table 3.3 Child protection 4

Table 3.4 Education 2

Table 3.5 Social protection 1

TOTAL 39




Part One: Children and Development

Consists of 14 tables, subdivided into three subsections:

1) Children, poverty and disparities; 2) The political, economic, and institutional context; and 3) Resource allocation as evidence of commitment to child results

Major Tables include the following:

• Mapping poverty determinants and child outcome• Country data on children-related MDG indicators• Total and private social expenditures




Region IV-A, NCR and Region III posted the most number of children in 2004

Source: Special computations of the NSCB Technical Staff from the January 2004 Labor Force Survey

Figure 1. Total number of children by region, 2004

4,199

634

1,751

1,144

3,651

4,314

1,167

2,374

2,648

2,519

1,852

1,361

1,637

1,729

1,611

962

1,175

- 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000

NCR

I

III

IV-B

VI

VIII

X

XII

ARMM

Population (in thousand)




- 81 % of children are in families with 5 or more household members

- 18% are in families with 3 to 4 family members

- Only 1% are in families with less than 3 members

Source: Special computations of NSCB Technical Staff on the January 2004 Labor Force Survey

Figure 2. Total Number of Children by Family Size, 2004

5 to 638%

more than 743%

3 to 418%

less than 31%




46% of children in 2004 are in families with household head whose highest educational attainment is at most elementary graduate!

54% have household heads who at least reached high school!

Source: Special computations made by NSCB Technical Staff on the 2003 Family Income and Expenditure Survey of NSO

Figure 3. Number of children by educational attainment

of the household head, 2004

No grade

completed

3% Elementary

undergarduate

22%

Elementary

graduate

21%Highschool

undergraduate

14%

Highschool

graduate &

higher

40%




1.5% of children are living in families with no adult in primary working age!

10.1% of children have single parents!

34,727,015TOTAL POPULATION OF CHILDREN

6.3 2,177,047 Elder (70+) person in household

14.1 4,904,353 Elder (60+) person in household

2.6 899,215 High dependency ratio (4+ children per adult)

10.1 3,505,017 Single parentc/

Family vulnerability

1.5 531,800 No adult in primary working age (18-54)

0.2 57,357 None of the parents are workingb/

35.2 12,212,394 Both parents workingb/

Work

Share to Total (%)

Number of Children

Characteristics of Household

Table 1. Characteristics of families with children, 2004

a/ Single, widowed, separated, divorced

Source: Special computations of NSCB Technical Staff from the January 2004 Labor Force SUrvey




In 2003, 20.8 million children are suffering from water deprivation while 5.2 million are information deprived and almost 5 million children are living in houses with no floor material.

Figure 4. Population of children by type of deprivation, 2003

4,950,9933,896,678

20,764,546

5,229,1234,197,691

-

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000

25,000,000

Shelter deprived Sanitation deprived Water deprived Informationdeprived

Education deprived

Po

pu

lati

on

of

Ch

ild

ren

Source: Special computations made by the NSCB Technical Staff on 2003 NDHS




46.1% of children are in families in the two lowest quintile!

Source: Special computations made by the NSCB Technical Staff on 2003 NDHS

1,688,777Total number of children 15-17 years old

46.6600,960 Does not attend school but completed primary education

Girls aged 15-17, of whichDemographic indicators among

girls

53.4687,817 Does not attend school but completed primary education

Boys aged 15-17, of whichDemographic indicators among

boys

-4,817,238 Women covered by health insuranceAccess to social security and

security of tenure

1.6 552,386 Adopted, foster, or stepchild in householdf/

Family Vulnerability

15.9 5,555,911 Highest

18.0 6,286,082 Fourth

19.9 6,956,875 Middle

22.0 7,673,385 Second

24.1 8,408,699 Lowest

Wealth index quintiles

Share to Total (%)

Number of Children

Characteristics of Families

Table 2. Characteristics of families with children, 2003




Figure 5. Number of undernourished children, 2003 (number in thousands)

1,359

270

1,145

236

1,2231,148

Stunting Wasting Underweight

Boys

Girls

Almost 2.4 million children 0-10 years old were underweight in 2003!

Source: Special computations of NSCB Technical Staff on the January 2003 National Nutrition Survey




Net enrolment ratio in primary education has continuously declined from 97 in 2001 to 83.2 in 2006

Figure 6. Net Enrolment Ratio in Primary Education, 1990-2007

84.685.1

85.2

85.4

87.1

92.794.395.1 95.7

9796.8

97

90.3

88.787.1

84.483.2

84.8

75

80

85

90

95

100

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Source: Department of Education




2000 2003 2006 00-03 03-06Philippines 0.782 0.779 0.729 (0.003) (0.050)

NCR 0.921 0.912 0.826 (0.009) (0.086)

CAR 0.739 0.776 0.706 0.036 (0.070)Region VII 0.773 0.781 0.711 0.008 (0.070)Region IVA 0.855 0.850 0.787 (0.006) (0.062)Region III 0.842 0.851 0.790 0.009 (0.061)Region I 0.802 0.792 0.740 (0.010) (0.052)Region IVB 0.736 0.719 0.672 (0.017) (0.047)Region XI 0.770 0.749 0.704 (0.020) (0.046)Region VIII 0.718 0.708 0.665 (0.011) (0.043)Region XII 0.710 0.733 0.693 0.023 (0.040)Region II 0.805 0.799 0.760 (0.005) (0.039)Region VI 0.751 0.731 0.692 (0.020) (0.039)Region X 0.721 0.721 0.686 0.000 (0.035)Region V 0.705 0.707 0.682 0.001 (0.025)ARMM 0.616 0.647 0.629 0.031 (0.018)Region IX 0.717 0.691 0.680 (0.026) (0.011)

RegionChild Development Index 1 (CDI 1)

Index Difference

In 2006, all regions showed deterioration in their level of child development!

Largest drop was observed in NCR between the period 2003 and 2006; This was followed by CAR, Regions VII, IV-A, III, and I.

Source: NSCB




Shares to total GDP of education and health have been declining from 2000-2006!

Figure 6. Public Expenditures as % of GDP, 2000 to 2006

-

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

He a lth

Educ a t io n

S o c ia l We lfa re

Wa te r R e s o urc e s & F lo o d C o ntro l

Source: Budget of Expenditures and Sources of Financing, DBM

Education

Health




Part Two: Poverty and Children

Consists of 13 tables, subdivided into two subsections:

1) Income poverty and deprivations affecting children; 2) Child survival and equity


• Correlates of income poverty among household with children

• Correlates of child deprivation• Under 5 and infant mortality rate




3.460.9ARMM

2.861.7CARAGA

4.646.6Region XII

5.042.7Region XI

4.752.7Region X

3.958.5Region IX

5.352.2Region VIII

7.336.1Region VII

7.649.7Region VI

6.858.7Region V

3.455.9Region IV-B

12.425.8Region IV-A

10.524.5Region III

3.332.0Region II

5.039.5Region I

1.840.2CAR

12.110.9NCR

100.038.8Philippines

Percentage DistributionChild Poverty Headcount Rate (%)Region

2003 Poverty incidence was highest in CARAGA followed by ARMM




2003 Poverty incidence among families with children is highest for those with 7 or more family members!

Source: Special computations made by NSCB Technical Staff using 2003 FIES, NSO, and January 2004 LFS,NSO.

Figure 7. Poverty incidence among families with children, 2003

10.0

16.8

29.0

45.1

- 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00

Less than 3

3-4 members

5-6 members

7 or more

Ho

use

ho

ld s

ize

Poverty incidence among children (%)




Source: Special computations made by NSCB Technical Staff using 2003 FIES, NSO, and January 2004 LFS,NSO.

Poverty incidence among families with children is highest among those with household head who has not completed any level of education

Figure 8. Poverty incidence among families w ith children by highest educational attainment of household head, 2003

65.21

51.02

37.24

31.04

12.26

- 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00

No Grade Completed

ElementaryUndegraduate

Elementary Graduate

Highschoolundergraduate

Highschool graduate &higher

Poverty incidence (%)




Figure 9. Under 5 mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 1995, 1998, 2003

54.9

42.0

67.0

-

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

1995 1998 2003

Per 1,000 live births

Source: 1995 – Technical Working Group on Maternal and Child Mortality and NSO

1998 and 2003 – NDHS, NSO

Under 5 mortality rate has decreased from 67 per 1,000 live births in 1995 to 42 in 2003.




Part Three: The Pillars of Child Well-Being

Consists of 13 tables, subdivided into five subsections:

1) Nutrition; 2) Health;3) Child protection;4) Education; and5) Social protection


• Child nutrition outcome and its correlates• Health outcomes and their correlates• Child labor ant its correlates• Child education, supply side and uptake variables




Proportion of children who experienced diarrhea and received treatment generally increases with the educational attainment ofthe mother and wealth index quintile

64.0909.2Highest

62.71039.1Fourth

68.61229.3Middle

59.416911.1Second

49.823013.0Lowest

Wealth index quintile

67.41518.4College or higher

59.033211.6High school

53.821511.1Elementary

..1613.4No education

Mother's Education

Children that received ORS, RHF or increased

fluid (in percent)

Number of children

Among children with diarrheaDiarrhea in the two weeks

preceeding the survey

(in percent)

Child diarrhea

Philippines

Source: 2003 NDHS




Figure 10 Proportion of children engaged in child labor by age group, 2007

9 .9

5 . 7

12 . 1

2 0 .4

2 6 .4

16 .9

11.8

18 .1

2 4 . 5

15 .4

-

5.0

10 .0

15.0

20 .0

25.0

30 .0

5-6 7-8 9-10 11-12 13-14

Age group

MaleFemale

Based on the 2007 MICS, highest proportion of children engaged in child labor are those among 9-10 years old.

Source: 2007 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

Note: the 2007 MICS only cover 24 provinces and cities under the Country Program for Children (CPC) -6 of the United Nations Children’s Fund




Based on the 2007 MICS, highest proportion of children engaged in child labor belong to families with at least 7 family members.

Source: 2007 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

Note: the 2007 MICS only cover 24 provinces and cities under the Country Program for Children (CPC) -6 of the United Nations Children’s Fund

Figure 11. Total number of children engaged in child labor by family size, 2007

5,492

128,472

307,394

387,842

- 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 450,000

Less than 3

3-4 members

5-6 members

7+




Figure 3.4.2 Number of school teachers in public schools (elementary and high school), 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2006

472,952467,861441,672

406,995372,715

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006Year

Nu

mb

er o

f sc

ho

ol t

each

ers

The number of school teachers in public schools has been gradually increasing in recent years compared in earlier years!

Source: Department of Education




Number of children served in community services by DSWD

Source: DSWD

1,355 1,544 ......No. of CNSP served in Crisis Intervention Unit (CIU)

14,990 35,947 ......No. of children provided with Parental Travel Permit

30,481 27,228 25,274 6,538 ..No. of children provided with Travel Clearance

....4,189 ....No. of children with legal cases filed in court

conditions

..........risks of secondary problems resulting to handicapping

......5,334 ..

No. of children (0-6 yrs. old) provided interventions to reduce

......839 ..No. of children referred to other institutions

55 76 2 ....Foster Children adopted by their Foster Parentsc.

....99 ....Placed thru Legal Guardianship or Court Orderb.

66 72 168 432 ..- Legal Guardianship

578 544 432 306 ..- Foster Care

1,632 1,612 2,090 3,055 ..- Adoption

Alternative Parental Care:a.

No of children provided with Placement Services:

10,894 11,439 7,833 ....under Protective Custody

No. of Children in Need of Special Protection (CNSP)

......4,638 ..No. of Children provided Protective Service

........1,730,865 No. of Children Under Difficult Situations

60,051 78,462 40,087 21,142 1,730,865 Community Based Services

20062005200019951990



IV. Way Forward

• Regular updating of statistics on children which are readily available from published sources through the NSCB On-line Database on Children.

• Session on Children in the 11th National Convention on Statistics on 4-6 October 2010, which shall include a paper on the Child Development Index (CDI)



Maraming Salamat po!

URL: http://www.nscb.gov.phe-mail: [email protected]

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