1168 e smart grid trainer electrical power engineering short

Content

1Content ....................................................................................................................................... 3Smart Grid Trainer / Electrical Power Engineering ..................................................................... 4Basics of electrical power engineering ................................................................................................ 4Fundamentals of power engineering (UniTrain-I) ........................................................................................... 9EUB Current and voltage transformers ..........................................................................................................

10EUB 1 Current transformers for protective installations ............................................................................................ 13EUB 2 Voltage transformers for protective installations ............................................................................................ 16Power generation .............................................................................................................................. 16EUG Generator control and synchronising circuits ....................................................................................... 17EUG 1 Manually operated synchronising circuits ...................................................................................................... 22EUG 2 Automatic synchronising circuits, automatic power control and automatic power factor control ..................... 25EUG 3 Pumped storage power plant ........................................................................................................................ 29EGP Generator protection ........................................................................................................................... 31EGP 1 Basic generator protection equipment set ..................................................................................................... 34EGP 2 Generator differential protection .................................................................................................................... 38EGP 3 Rotor earth-fault protection ........................................................................................................................... 42Renewable Energies ......................................................................................................................... 43EWG 1 Wind power plants .......................................................................................................................... 47EWG 2 Small wind power plant ................................................................................................................... 52Photovoltaics (UniTrain-I) ............................................................................................................................ 54EPH 2 Advanced photovoltaics .................................................................................................................... 54EPH 2.1 Investigating solar modules ....................................................................................................................... 57EPH 2.2 Design of PV systems in an isolated power network ................................................................................... 59EPH 2.3 Design of PV systems in parallel network operation ................................................................................... 61Fuel cell technology (UniTrain-I) .................................................................................................................. 64EHY 1 Advanced fuel cell technology .......................................................................................................... 66Transformers ..................................................................................................................................... 67EUT Transformers ....................................................................................................................................... 69ETP Transformer protection ......................................................................................................................... 70ETP 1 Transformer differential protection ................................................................................................................. 73ETP 2 Time overcurrent protection ........................................................................................................................... 76Power transmission ........................................................................................................................... 78EUL High-voltage transmission lines ............................................................................................................ 78EUL 1 Investigations on Three-phase Transmission Lines ........................................................................................ 81EUL 2 Parallel and series connection of transmission lines ...................................................................................... 84EUL 3 Transmission Line with Earth-fault Compensation ......................................................................................... 88EUL 4 Transmission Systems with a Synchronous Generator .................................................................................. 91EUL 5 Investigations on three phase cables ............................................................................................................. 93EUL 6 Combined networks of cables and lines ......................................................................................................... 96ELP Protective systems for high-voltage transmission lines ......................................................................... 98ELP 1 Overcurrent time protection for lines ..............................................................................................................

101ELP 2 Directional overcurrent time protection for lines ........................................................................................... 104ELP 3 Overvoltage and undervoltage protection ..................................................................................................... 107ELP 4 Directional power protection ........................................................................................................................ 110ELP 5 Earth-fault voltage protection ....................................................................................................................... 113ELP 6 Protection of Parallel-connected Lines ......................................................................................................... 116ELP 7 High-speed distance protection ....................................................................................................................

120Electric power distribution ............................................................................................................... 120EPD Busbar systems ................................................................................................................................. 125EDP Protection for Busbars systems .......................................................................................................... 128Energy management ....................................................................................................................... 128EUC Energy management ......................................................................................................................... 129EUC 1 Complex loads, power consumption measurement and peak load monitoring ............................................. 133EUC 2 Dynamic loads ........................................................................................................................................... 136EUC 3 Manual and automatic compensation of reactive power .............................................................................. 139ECP Protection for electrical consumers .................................................................................................... 140EEM 4.6 Protection for electrical machines ............................................................................................................ 143EDT 51 Motor management relays .........................................................................................................................

146"Smart Grid" - Power with Brains .................................................................................................... 146ESG 1 Smart Grid ..................................................................................................................................... 150ESG 1.1 ................................................................................................................................................................ 155ESG 1.2 ................................................................................................................................................................

Lucas-Nülle GmbH /189 www.lucas-nuelle.com

159Supplementary to ESG 1 ........................................................................................................................... 161EWG 1 Wind power plants .................................................................................................................................... 166EPH 2 Advanced photovoltaics .............................................................................................................................. 167EPH 2.1 Investigating solar modules ....................................................................................................................................................... 169EPH 2.2 Design of PV systems in an isolated power network ................................................................................................................. 172EPH 2.3 Design of PV systems in parallel network operation ..................................................................................................................

174EUG Generator control and synchronising circuits ................................................................................................. 176EUG 1 Manually operated synchronising circuits ..................................................................................................................................... 179EUG 2 Automatic synchronising circuits, automatic power control and automatic power factor control ...................................................

183EUG 3 Pumped storage power plant ...................................................................................................................... 186Media: ......................................................................................................................................................................................................

188Existing External Energy Sources ..............................................................................................................


Smart Grid Trainer / Electrical Power EngineeringTraining systems on the generation, distribution and management of electrical energy:

Power engineering trainer, distribution trainer

Energy generation trainer, renewable energy generation trainer

Transformer trainer, high-voltage transmission lines trainer, protective systems trainer

Energy management trainer, smart grid trainer

The Lucas-Nülle training systems have been designed in anticipation of the newest developments:

Smart measuring instruments which avail of various communication interfaces (e.g. LAN, RS485, USB)and control elements

SCADA Power Engineering Lab software for the intelligent control and evaluation of the "Smart Grid" withsoft plc

Didactically designed SCADA software

Permits investigation of dynamically alternating loads and power generation inside the laboratory

Intelligent energy management

Modular integration of renewable energies into the smart grid using protective engineering

Wind power plant with doubly-fed asynchronous generator (DFIG) with mains sychronisation

Interactive multimedia training course


Basics of electrical power engineering

Basics of electrical power engineering

Multimedia-based and Practice-oriented Introduction to Power Engineering

With the aid of numerous experiments and animations, the UniTrain-I multimedia course gives the studentinsight into the latest important issues relating to power engineering. The fundamentals of DC, AC and three-phase technology as well as processes in distribution networks are some of the subjects dealt with in thevarious courses. Typical processes that occur in the generation and distribution of electrical power receiveparticularly close attention and are reproduced in the experiments using safe extra-low voltages.Experiment with current and voltage transformers form the basis for experiments with protective relays.


Fundamentals of power engineering (UniTrain-I)

Fundamentals of power engineering (UniTrain-I)

The UniTrain-I system is a computer-based training and experimentation system for vocational and furthertraining and education in the areas of basic and advanced electrical engineering and electronics. Its multimediacourses combine cognitive and hands-on (haptic) training units into a comprehensive unified concept,specifically enabling students to acquire skills in the handling of equipment. Starting with basic courses andadvancing to cover a huge variety of electrical engineering and electronics topics, a wide range of multimediacourses is available for study in school or in professional and advanced training courses.

The UniTrain-I system is completely self-contained and can be used anywhere at any time. The multimedialearning environment the system provides high degrees of motivation, and maximum learning effectiveness inlaboratories, at work or at home. It thus becomes a guarantor for effective and efficient study.

Access to the multimedia courses and control of virtual instruments and experiment hardware is provided byLabSoft, the system's open experiment platform. The courses teach the theoretical building blocks and provideexperiments to be carried out using the course-specific experiment hardware. The intelligent measurementinterface supplies the analog and digital measuring and control I/O and represents, in combination with thesystem's virtual instruments, a high quality item of laboratory equipment. In addition, students' progress can bemonitored and electronically documented on the basis of fault finding experiments with faults simulated by thehardware as well as tests of knowledge. The electrical and electronic circuits needed for the experiments areconnected to the system with the aid of an Experimenter module.


List of articles:

A host of multimedia courses are available for the UniTrain-I system in the areas of electrical engineering andelectronics. Each of the courses consists of the training program, specific circuitry on one or more experimentcards and a browser (LabSoft) for the control, management and display of the training course. UniTrain-I coursesconvey practical skills by providing a theoretical basis then guiding students through numerous experimentalmeasurements. Experiment cards are linked to the Interface and the training program via Experimenters. Withthe help of virtual instruments and power sources included with the system, circuits can be analysed and resultsof measurements stored directly within the training program.

Hardware

Experiment cards with specific circuits and components allowing the measurements in the course to bemade as well as permitting unguided experimentation.

Simple set-up: simply insert into the Experimenter

Experiment cards connected to the system via UniTrain-I bus

Modifiable, open experiment set-up on experiment cards allow experiments to be started quickly

Points for measurement all made available via 2-mm sockets

Systematic fault simulation, faults can be switched on and off by relays via the UniTrain-I bus

Industry-standard circuits, highly relevant to modern practice

Supplied in hard case for transport and storage

Software

Interactive, HTML-based multimedia courses to provide theoretical knowledge and practical skills

Theory, experimental procedure, evaluation, fault simulation and sample solutions

Animations, graphics and images to explain theory and experiment set-ups

All courses may be edited using an HTML editor

LabSoft: browser with menu, navigation and display windows for display and conduct of all UniTrain-Icourses

Virtual instruments (VIs) are made available for real-time measurement or for generating output signals.

Navigation to any point within the course

User-specific documentation, evaluation and storage of experimental results

Management of courses, users and user groups

Optional integration of circuit simulator, course editor, etc. into the menu structure.

Self-designed courses may be integrated and displayed

Languages: D, GB, F, E (others available on request)


Description Order no. Quant.

1 Course - Electrical engineering 1: DC technology SO4204-4D 1

2 Course - Electrical engineering 2: AC technology SO4204-4F 1

3 Course - Electrical engineering 3: Three-phase technology SO4204-4H 1

4 Course - Electrical engineering 5: Conducting measurements withthe multimeter

SO4204-4B 1

5 Course - Electrical engineering 7: Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)

SO4204-4K 1

6 Course - Power engineering: Transient processes in AC and DCnetworks

SO4204-3B 1

7 Course - Electrical engineering 4: Magnetism/electromagnetism SO4204-4A 1

8 Course - Three-phase transformers SO4204-7Y 1

9 Course - Electric Machines 3: Synchronous and slip-ring machines SO4204-7U 1


10 UniTrain-I Interface with virtual instruments (basic VI) SO4203-2A 1

11 UniTrain-I Experimenter SO4203-2B 2

12 UniTrain-I measurement accessories, shunts and connectioncables

SO4203-2J 1

13 UniTrain-I extended power supply SO4203-2D 1

Additionally required:



14 Multi13S digital multimeter LM2330 1

15 UniTrain-I storage case for one system SO4203-2Y 1


16 Software, LabSoft Classroom Manager 4.0, single licence (D, GB, F,E, RU, PT)

SO2001-5A 1

17 Collection of assignments Electrical engineering UniTrain-I SO2001-6A 1

18 Collection of assignments Power Engineering / RenewableEnergies

SO2001-6D 1

Additionally recommended

Recommended learning management software for all LN multimedia courses:

Optionally available: multi user license with 5 or 10 dongles and update to version 4.0


EUB Current and voltage transformers

EUB Current and voltage transformers

A wide spectrum of current and voltage transformers are used for various requirements in electrical powerengineering. The experiments include a practical hands-on investigation of transfer response, over-current factor,absolute and phase angle error, as, for example, under varying loads. In addition to this, standard operationrequirements, short-circuit and asymmetrical faults can also be explored.

The protection of system facilities and components is not only dependent on selective protection equipment butalso on the detection and measurement of the lowest fault currents and voltages. Various types of measurementcircuits have to be used for different star-point circuit configurations in order to correctly detect and localisepotential fault types.



19 Current transformer, 3 phase CO3301-4T 1

20 Balancing transformer CO3301-4W 1

21 Load for current transformer CO3301-3T 1

EUB 1 Current transformers for protective installations

EUB 1 Current transformers for protective installations

Training contents

• Secondary transformer current as a function of the primary current

• Effect of the load on current ratio error

• Check rated overcurrent factor

• Transformer circuit in three-wire system

• Transformer circuit in four-wire system

• Determine zero residual current

Basic equipment set, consisting of:




22 Interactive Lab Assistant: Current and voltage converters SO2800-6C 1


23 Software SCADA Viewer SO4001-3H 1

24 Patch cable Cat5E 1x 1m yellow, 2x 2m yellow LM9057 1

25 USB Network Adapter 10/100 BaseTX RJ45 LM9056 1

26 5-Port Ethernet Switch LM9988 1


27 Adjustable 3-phase power supply, 0-450V/2A, 72PU ST8008-4S 1

28 Table-top housing for 72PU insert with CEE three-phase connector ST8008-7F 1

29 Multiple socket outlet, 5 fold ST8010-4J 1


30 Three Phase Power Quality Meter with display and long-termmemory

CO5127-1S 2

Media:

Software:

Power supply:

Measuring instruments:


31 Analog/digital multimeter, wattmeter + power-factor meter incl.Software

CO5127-1Z 1



33 Variable Ohmic load, three-phase, 1kW CO3301-3F 1

34 Safety connection plug 19mm/4mm, black, with tapping SO5126-9R 10

35 Safety connection plug 19mm/4mm, black SO5126-9Y 30

36 Safety connection plug 19mm/4mm, blue SO5126-9V 2

37 Safety connection plug 19mm/4mm, green/yellow SO5126-9W 2

38 Set of safety measurement cables, 4mm (23 leads) SO5148-1L 1

39 Mobile aluminium experiment stand, 3 levels, 6x earthed sockets,1250x700x1955mm

ST7200-3A 1

40 Wall or aluminium-profile mounting cable storage for 48 cables ST8003-8E 1

41 PC holder for Syba experiment trolleys, height and widthadjustable

ST7200-5A 1

42 Monitor holder for flat screen monitor of weight up to 10kg, VESA75/100

ST8010-4L 1

43 Protection cover for three-level experiment trolleys ST8010-9Y 1

Accessories:



44 Voltage transformer, 3 phase CO3301-4V 1

45 Load for voltage transformer CO3301-3V 1

EUB 2 Voltage transformers for protective installations

EUB 2 Voltage transformers for protective installations

Training contents

Voltage transformer characteristics

Calculation of voltage faults and class of accuracy

Effect of loads on the transformation ratio

Three-phase voltage transformer in a healthy grid

Three-phase voltage transformer in a grid with earth-fault on the primary side





46 Interactive Lab Assistant: Current and voltage converters SO2800-6C 1












CO5127-1S 2

Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1Z 1










ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:


Power generation

Power generation

Three-phase synchronous generatorsIn addition to the basic experiments on three-phase synchronous generators, the experiments in this area alsocover manually-operated and automatic synchronisation circuits as well as automatic power factor control (cos-phi control) and power control. For that reason, this module can be used to simulate both on-grid and off-gridpower plant operation. Furthermore, generators need effective protection against internal and external faults. Thedeployment of a variety of protective equipment is a prerequisite for this.


EUG Generator control and synchronising circuits


Electrical power is mainly produced by three-phase generators. This applies to power stations as well as tostandby power supplies and wind generators. In addition to the basic experiments dealing with three-phasesynchronous generators, the experiments involving the "EUG" module include manual and automaticsynchronising circuits as well as experiments on the automatic power factor control (cos-phi control) and powercontrol. Thus, the ”EUG“ module can be used to simulate power station operation in stand-alone (isolated) orinterconnected operation.



68 Synchronization Unit CO3212-6V 1

69 Three-phase synchronous machine with smooth core rotor, 1kW SE2662-5Q 1

EUG 1 Manually operated synchronising circuits


Training contents

“Dark” synchronising circuit

“Light” synchronising circuit

“Cyclic“ synchronising circuit

Active power generation

Inductive reactive power generation

Capacitive reactive power generation





70 Servo machine test bench for 1kW machines incl. ActiveServosoftware(D,GB,F,E)

CO3636-6W 1

71 Rubber coupling sleeve, 1kW SE2662-6A 1

72 Coupling guard, 1kW SE2662-6B 1

73 Shaft end guard, 1kW SE2662-6C 1

74 QuickChart, Servo-machine test stand safety and operatinginstructions (GB)

SO6200-7D 1


75 Interactive Lab Assistant: Mains Synchronisation and AutomaticGenerator Control

SO2800-6E 1






Additionally required - Machine test bench equipment set for servo-drive/braking system:

Media:

Software:


80 Interface converter cable USB/CAN LM9024 1


81 Universal power supply for DC and Three-Phase Current CO3212-5U 1

82 Exciter voltage controller with de-excitation CO3301-5G 1

83 Motor protection switch, 3 pole, 1.6-2.5A CO3212-1P 1




CO5127-1S 1







Power supply:


Accessories:



ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



EUG 2 Automatic synchronising circuits, automatic power control and automatic power factor control


Training contents

Automatic synchroniser circuits

Putting into operation and parameterisation of the automation unit

Synchronisation in test mode

Synchronisation to the real power grid

Response of the automation unit to faulty programmingAutomatic power factor control

Parameterisation of the automatic cos-phi controller

Synchronisation of the generator to the power grid

Cos-phi control of the synchronous generator

Cos-phi control of the power gridAutomatic power control

Parameterisation of the automatic power controller


Response of power controller to change in control variable and disturbance variable

Power controller sensitivity and direction of action



96 Multi-function relay, power controller, cos-phi controller,synchronizing unit

CO3301-5X 1



CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1



SO2800-6E 1



Supplementary Set comprising:


Media:

Software:













CO5127-1S 1




Power supply:


Accessories:






ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




123 Pumped-Storage power station control unit CO3301-5K 1


CO3301-5X 1

125 Power switch module CO3301-5P 1


EUG 3 Pumped storage power plant


In pumped storage power stations electric energy is stored by converting the potential energy of water and thenconverting this potential energy into electrical power which is then fed back into the grid. Thanks to the growth inregenerative energy generation these so-called hydroelectric power storage stations are not only necessary butindispensible in smart power grids with high grid quality.

Training content:

How pumped storage power plants operateStart and synchronisation of synchronous machinesManual power regulation: both in generator and motor modesSemi-automatic active and reactive power controlSmart grid integration of pumped storage power plantsFully-automatic compensation for externally measured active and reactive powerSCADA open and closed-loop system control



127 Inductive load, three-phase, 1kW CO3301-3D 1


128 Interactive Lab Assistant: Pumped-Storage power station SO2800-6T 1



CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1



SO2800-6E 1

Media:


Media:















CO5127-1S 1

Software:

Power supply:










ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:


EGP Generator protection

EGP Generator protection

Effective protection of generators against internal and external faults requires that a wide variety of protectivedevices be deployed.

Generator differential protection covers the internal faults like short-circuit fault, interturn and interwinding faultsor phase-earth-phase faults and serves as the primary protection.

The time overcurrent protection constitutes the reserve protection for the generator and can also be used for thedetection of external faults, such as short circuits and overload, for example. Earth-fault occurrences aredetected with the stator-earth fault protection. The investigation of reverse power and unbalanced load protectionas well as overvoltage/undervoltage protection concludes the experiment series titled “EGP“ on generatorprotection.


EGP 1 Basic generator protection equipment set

EGP 1 Basic generator protection equipment setTraining contents:

Time overcurrent protection

• Operating response and release response for single-pole

and three-pole faults

• Determining the tripping times

Unbalanced load protection

• Operating and release response to unbalanced load

• Determining the reset ratio and the tripping times

• Determining the relay characteristic TA = f(unbalance)

Reverse power protection


Detection and disabling of the generator in the case of reverse power flow

Overvoltage and undervoltage protection

Reactions to phase failure

Detection of starting and tripping times

Stator-earth fault protection

Detection of system voltages under normal operating conditions or stator-earth fault occurrence

Measurement of tripping times

Calculation of the earth-fault current




CO3301-5X 1





CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1


163 Interactive Lab Assistant: Generator protection SO2800-6G 1




Media:















CO5127-1S 1

Software:

Power supply:










ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:



184 Transformer / Generator differential protection relay CO3301-4B 1

EGP 2 Generator differential protection

EGP 2 Generator differential protection

Training contents:

Calculating protection operating values

Fault recognition within the protection range

Testing tripping and reset for faults occurring inside and outside the protection range

Disconnection and de-excitation of the generator

Measurement of the operating (pick-up) currents of the protection device for symmetrical andasymmetrical faults

Comparison of measured values to set values

Supplement to basic set, consisting of:





CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1










Media:

Software:









CO5127-1S 1







Power supply:


Accessories:



ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




211 Rotor-earth fault relay CO3301-4F 1


CO5127-1Z 1

EGP 3 Rotor earth-fault protection

EGP 3 Rotor earth-fault protection

Training contents:

Putting the synchronous generator into operation

Investigation of normal operating conditions and rotor earth-fault occurrences

Measurement of the rotor earth-fault current

Rotor earth-fault relay during earth-fault operation:

Connection and testing of the earth-fault relay

Setting different rotor earth faults

Testing the fault signal and disconnection






CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1










Media:

Software:









CO5127-1S 1







Power supply:


Accessories:



ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Renewable Energies

Renewable Energies

The move away from coal, oil and nuclear power to renewable forms of energy is gaining momentum. Today,technology has evolved to a point where solar energy, wind power, hydrogen fuel and biomass can be exploitedas environmentally friendly energy sources.

Throughout the world well-qualified technicians and engineers are being sought after to help keep this trendmoving forward. Today, technologies are undergoing rapid change. This trend is being compounded by risingexpectations in training and education. Lucas-Nülle has developed the appropriate training systems needed tocope with the ever more complex world of training and education.


EWG 1 Wind power plants


This equipment set is used to investigate the design and operation of modern wind power stations.

The effect of wind force and the mechanical design of wind power stations can be emulated down to precisedetail using the servo machine testing stand and the WindSim software. The control unit for the double-feedasynchronous machine (as a generator for the wind power plant) permits user-friendly operation and visualisationduring the experiments. The corresponding Interactive Lab Assistant Multimedia course is designed to conveyknowledge and provide interactive support for the experiment set-ups and allows for PC-assisted evaluation ofthe measured data.Training content:

Understand the design and operation of modern wind power plants

Explore the physical fundamentals “From wind to wave”

Learn about different wind power concepts

Set up and commission a double-feed asynchronous wind generator

Operate the generator with varying wind force levels and regulate the output voltage and frequency

Determine optimum operating points under changing wind conditions

Investigate the operating response during mains malfunctions “Fault ride through”

Your benefits:

Exact emulation of the technology of the current multi-megawatt wind power generators

A fully working and functional training system for wind turbines with Double-fed Induction Generator(DFIG)

A wind simulation, which exactly mathematically emulates the wind at the shaft

Investigating responses to "fault-ride-through" FRT grid malfunctions



239 Control unit for wind turbine double-fed asynchronous generator CO3208-3A 1

240 Three-phase multi-function machine, 1.0kW SE2662-6W 1

241 3-phase isolation transformer, 1kW for wind power plants CO3208-3B 1

242 Incremental position encoder 1024 pulses SE2662-5T 1





243 Dynamic grid fault simulator CO3208-3C 1



CO3636-6W 1


Supplementary material for "Fault Ride Through" experiments (FRT):

Supplementary material for "Fault Ride Through" experiments (FRT):

Training content:

Investigating the response of wind power plants to system faults

Exploring symmetrical fault scenarios

Exploring asymmetrical fault scenarios

Adjusting controller parameters

Representing variables in the dynamic range as well as with positive phase sequence and negative phasesequence

Compensation for the negative sequence components





SO6200-7D 1


248 Interactive Lab Assistant: Wind power plants with DFIG SO2800-3D 1

249 Interactive Lab Assistant: Fault Ride-Through of wind power plants SO2800-3E 1





CO5127-1Z 1




Media:

Power supply:


Accessories:






ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




SO2001-5A 1


SO2001-6D 1




EWG 2 Small wind power plant

EWG 2 Small wind power plant

Small wind power plants up to approx. 5 kW power are being deployed today for decentralised power supplies.These systems are used for the supply of objects that do not avail over central power supplies, for example,remotely located mobile radio converters or vacation homes. These plants generate DC voltage. The energy canbe stored in accumulators using charge controllers. AC voltages are generated via inverters for operation of loadsconnected to a grid. The effects of wind power and the mechanical design of wind power stations can beemulated down to the last detail using the servo machine test stand and the software WindSim. Thecorresponding Interactive Lab Assistant Multimedia course imparts knowledge, provides interactive experimentsetup support and allows for PC-assisted evaluation of the measurement data.

Training content:

Understand the design and operation of modern small wind power stations

Explore the physical fundamentals “from wind to wave“

Become familiar with different wind power station concepts

Design and initial operation of a small wind power generator

Operation with fluctuation wind force in offline operation

Energy storage, optimisation of the system

Design of an off-grid system for the generation of a 230V AC voltage

Explore hybrid systems for off-grid power supply using wind power and photovoltaic systems



264 Charge controller for small wind generator 12 V CO3208-3E 1

265 Synchronous generator 12V for small wind power plant withpermanent magnets

SE2673-1M 1

266 Lamp board 12V CO3208-1K 1

267 Load unit 1kOhm, 500W CO3208-1J 1

268 Off-grid inverter 230V, 275VA CO3208-1F 1

269 Lamp board 230V CO3208-1L 1


270 Servo machine test stand for 0.3kW machines incl. softwareActiveServo (D,GB,F,E)

CO3636-6V 1

271 Rubber coupling sleeve, 0.3kW SE2662-2A 1

272 Coupling guard, 0.1/0.3kW, transparent SE2662-7B 1


SO6200-7D 1






274 Interactive Lab Assistant: Small wind power plants SO2800-3C 1



CO5127-1Z 1






ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Media:


Accessories:



284 Small-scale wind turbine 370W, with demonstration mast CO3208-3F 1

285 Mast set for small-scale wind turbine CO3208-3G 1



SO2001-5A 1


SO2001-6D 1


Small wind power plants for outdoors and presentation

Training content:

Understand the design and operation of modern, small wind power plants

How to set up, put into operation and operate an authentic small wind power plant

Explore the physical fundamentals “from wind to shaft“

Set up and put into operation a small wind power generator

Outdoor operation





288 Course - Power engineering: Photovoltaics SO4204-3A 1

Photovoltaics (UniTrain-I)

Photovoltaics (UniTrain-I)

With the UniTrain-I Photovoltaic course the function and operating principle of solar cells are vividlydemonstrated and made understandable.

UniTrain-I Energy Engineering course uses numerous experiments and animations to provide insight into currentissues affecting electrical power engineering. The various courses cover the generation of electric power fromregenerative energies as well as the processes involved in distribution networks. Typical generation anddistribution processes requiring special treatment are dealt with and explored in experiments using safe extra-low voltages.

List of articles:





SO4203-2J 1



292 UniTrain-I storage case for experiment board SO4203-2V 1




SO2001-5A 1


The UniTrain-I system is a computer-based training and experimentation system for vocational and furthertraining and education in the areas of basic and advanced electrical engineering and electronics. Its multimediacourses combine cognitive and hands-on (haptic) training units into a comprehensive unified concept,specifically enabling students to acquire skills in the handling of equipment. Starting with basic courses andadvancing to cover a huge variety of electrical engineering and electronics topics, a wide range of multimediacourses is available for study in school or in professional and advanced training courses. The UniTrain-I systemis completely self-contained and can be used anywhere at any time. The multimedia learning environment thesystem provides high degrees of motivation, and maximum learning effectiveness in laboratories, at work or athome. It thus becomes a guarantor for effective and efficient study. Access to the multimedia courses andcontrol of virtual instruments and experiment hardware is provided by LabSoft, the system's open experimentplatform. The courses teach the theoretical building blocks and provide experiments to be carried out using thecourse-specific experiment hardware. The intelligent measurement interface supplies the analog and digitalmeasuring and control I/O and represents, in combination with the system's virtual instruments, a high qualityitem of laboratory equipment. In addition, students' progress can be monitored and electronically documented onthe basis of fault finding experiments with faults simulated by the hardware as well as tests of knowledge. Theelectrical and electronic circuits needed for the experiments are connected to the system with the aid of anExperimenter module.






SO2001-6D 1

EPH 2 Advanced photovoltaics


The Advanced Photovoltaics course enables project work to be carried out with industrial components.

The system permits realistic simulation of the progression of the sun. Emulators make it possible to carry outthe experiments in the laboratory without the sun.

The Interactive Lab Assistant Advanced Photovoltaic multimedia course is designed to convey the theoreticalinformation and practical know-how, and performs the PC-supported evaluation of measurement data.

EPH 2.1 Investigating solar modules


Training content:

Testing the optimum alignment of solar modules

Recording the characteristics of solar modules

Investigating the module’s response to shadow formation

Investigating how bypass diodes operate

Learning about various types of wiring and connection configurations for solar modules



296 Solar module simulation model, 3-fold, 23V / 2A CO3208-1A 1

297 Solar module with solar altitude emulator CO3208-1B 1



299 Interactive Lab Assistant: Photovoltaic systems - Advancedcourse

SO2800-3A 1



CO5127-1Z 1




303 Safety connection plug 19mm/4mm, red SO5126-9U 10



Media:


Accessories:





307 Safety measurement cable (4mm), 50cm, red SO5126-8K 4


ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




SO2001-5A 1


SO2001-6D 1





315 Solar charge controller 12/24V, 6A CO3208-1M 1

316 Solar Accumulator 12V, 7Ah CO3208-1E 1






SO2800-3A 1

EPH 2.2 Design of PV systems in an isolated power network


Training content:

Installation of PV systems

Design and testing of a standalone PV systems in direct operation

Design and testing of a standalone PV system in storage operation

Design and testing of a standalone PV system for the generation of 230 V AC voltage



Media:




CO5127-1Z 1










ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:





SO2001-5A 1


SO2001-6D 1


336 Industrial photovoltaics inverter CO3208-1G 1

337 Energy monitor CO3208-1H 1

338 Single-phase mains supply with switch, circuit breaker and earth-contact socket

CO3211-1A 1



EPH 2.3 Design of PV systems in parallel network operation


Training content:


Design and testing of PV systems with mains feed

Measure generated power of a PV system

Determine efficiency of the grid-connected inverter

Investigate response of a PV system to mains failure






SO2800-3A 1



CO5127-1Z 1










ST7200-3A 1

Media:


Accessories:




ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




SO2001-5A 1


SO2001-6D 1





355 Course - Power engineering: Fuel cell technology SO4204-3C 1

Fuel cell technology (UniTrain-I)

Fuel cell technology (UniTrain-I)

With the UniTrain-I fuel cell technology course fuel cell operating principles and functions are explained ingraphic detail.

UniTrain-I Energy Engineering course uses numerous experiments and animations to provide insight into currentissues affecting electrical power engineering. The various courses cover the generation of electric power fromregenerative energies as well as the processes involved in distribution networks. Typical generation anddistribution processes requiring special treatment are dealt with and explored in experiments using safe extra-low voltages.

List of articles:





SO4203-2J 1




360 UniTrain-I storage case for experiment board SO4203-2V 1



SO2001-5A 1


The UniTrain-I system is a computer-based training and experimentation system for vocational and furthertraining and education in the areas of basic and advanced electrical engineering and electronics. Its multimediacourses combine cognitive and hands-on (haptic) training units into a comprehensive unified concept,specifically enabling students to acquire skills in the handling of equipment. Starting with basic courses andadvancing to cover a huge variety of electrical engineering and electronics topics, a wide range of multimediacourses is available for study in school or in professional and advanced training courses. The UniTrain-I systemis completely self-contained and can be used anywhere at any time. The multimedia learning environment thesystem provides high degrees of motivation, and maximum learning effectiveness in laboratories, at work or athome. It thus becomes a guarantor for effective and efficient study. Access to the multimedia courses andcontrol of virtual instruments and experiment hardware is provided by LabSoft, the system's open experimentplatform. The courses teach the theoretical building blocks and provide experiments to be carried out using thecourse-specific experiment hardware. The intelligent measurement interface supplies the analog and digitalmeasuring and control I/O and represents, in combination with the system's virtual instruments, a high qualityitem of laboratory equipment. In addition, students' progress can be monitored and electronically documented onthe basis of fault finding experiments with faults simulated by the hardware as well as tests of knowledge. Theelectrical and electronic circuits needed for the experiments are connected to the system with the aid of anExperimenter module.






SO2001-6D 1

EHY 1 Advanced fuel cell technology

EHY 1 Advanced fuel cell technology

The generation of electrical energy using fuel cells continues to develop into a significant area with diverseapplication potential in electrical engineering and automotive technology. The training panel system permits asafe experimenting environment in connection with hydrogen and fuel cells. At the same it permits interestinginvestigations and is well suited for both practical lab work as well as demonstrations. Animated theory,experiment guidelines and information including results are supplied using the “Interactive Lab Assistant”.

Training content

Design and operation of a fuel cell

Design and operation of an electrolyser

Design and operation of a metal hydride storage cell

Thermodynamics of the fuel cell

Characteristics and power curves of the fuel cell

Efficiency

Required systems for standalone power supply

Power electronics and voltage conversion



363 Fuel cell with DC converter CO3208-6A 1

364 Electronic load 200W/20V/10A CO3208-6B 1

365 Metal hydride storage cell with solenoid valve CO3208-6C 1

366 Electrolyser, 30 Normlitre/hour (1.06 cubic feet/h, 7.93 gallons/h,30000 cc/h)

CO3208-6D 1


367 Interactive Lab Assistant: Fuel cell technology - Advanced course SO2800-3B 1




370 Safety measurement cable (4mm), 50cm, black SO5126-8L 3


ST7200-3A 1




Media:

Accessories:



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




SO2001-5A 1


SO2001-6D 1



Transformers

Transformers

In power engineering, transformers are used to connect the various voltage echelons of the power grid to eachother. In transformer stations, electricity from the regional distribution grid with a medium voltage level of 10 to 36kV is transformed to supply power to low-voltage end customers in the local grid where 400 V or 230 V is used.The heart of a transformer station is the transformer itself which also requires protective equipment. By carryingout hands-on measurements and fault simulations with the training system, it is possible to gain anunderstanding of these complex systems in the classroom.



378 Isolating transformer, Three-phase, 1kW CO3301-3N 1



EUT Transformers

EUT Transformers

Training contents:

Transformer equivalent circuit diagram

Multiphase transformer operating at no-load and short-circuit

Multiphase transformer with ohmic, inductive and capacitive load

Parallel operation of multiphase transformers

Current distribution for different vector groups

Determining zero impedance

Investigating the transformation ratio




381 Capacitive load, three-phase, 1kW CO3301-3E 1



383 Interactive Lab Assistant: Transformers SO2800-6H 1










Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 2








ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



Accessories:


ETP Transformer protection

ETP Transformer protection

Differential protection for transformers (starting from approx. 1 MVA), combined with time overcurrent protection,can be investigated using measurement techniques in normal operation, fault occurrences in various windingcircuit configurations (star, delta), in various vector groups and as a function of star-point treatment (floating,direct or earthed using earth coils). In the case of differential currents, the tripping criteria is determined basedon characteristic sensitivity.

The time overcurrent protection supplements the safety protection measures contained in transformer differentialprotection. It protects the transformers against short circuits outside the protection range and againstoverloading.



402 Transformer / Generator differential protection relay CO3301-4B 1


404 Isolating transformer, Three-phase, 1kW CO3301-3N 1

405 Transmission line Model 150km/300km (93.2miles/186.4miles) CO3301-3A 1


ETP 1 Transformer differential protection

ETP 1 Transformer differential protection

Training contents:

Detection and disconnection of transformer for internal faults

Detection of peak inrush currents (RUSH) without disconnection

Faulty tripping due to incorrectly dimensioned transformers

Selection of tripping characteristics with differential currents taken into account





407 Interactive Lab Assistant: Protection for transformers SO2800-6J 1


408 Software parameter setting, HTL-PL-Soft4 for power-labprotection relays (D+GB)

SO4001-3G 1


410 Interface converter USB/RS485 LM9025 1








Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 2








ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



Accessories:



428 Time Overcurrent Relay CO3301-4J 1


429 Interactive Lab Assistant: Protection for transformers SO2800-6J 1

ETP 2 Time overcurrent protection

ETP 2 Time overcurrent protection

Training contents:

Setting the parameters of the time overcurrent relay while taking the current transformation intoconsideration

Detection of operating values for symmetrical and asymmetrical faults

False tripping of the protective device during transformer’s switch-on response

Transformer switch-on response in terms of protection



Media:




SO4001-3G 1












CO5127-1S 2

Software:

Power supply:










ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:


Power transmission

Power transmission

High-voltage networks are usually operated with voltages in the region of 110 kV to 380 kV, whereby urban areasand large-scale industrial facilities are supplied with 110 kV, and 380 kV is used for long-distance transmissionlines. The line simulation system is designed for operation at model voltages between 110 V and 380 V. Variousvoltage levels and line lengths can be selected via corresponding overlay masks. Examinations with the trainingsystem can be performed off-load, in normal operating mode, in the presence of a short-circuit or earth fault, withor without earth-fault compensation. The system also permits assembly of complex networks by connecting theline simulation models in parallel or series. The voltage can be supplied via a fixed grid or synchronousgenerator.


EUL High-voltage transmission lines

EUL High-voltage transmission lines

For your safety, the 380-kV transmission lines are investigated and connected at a low-voltage level withoutdetracting from the characteristics of a real high-voltage line. This realistic simulation of a 380-kV transmissionline switches over automatically between line lengths of 300 km and 150 km once the overlay mask has beenput into place.Joint use of several line simulation models connected in parallel or series permits complex networks to beassembled.Earth-fault compensation in electric power supply networks is designed to offset earth leakages occurring inouter conductors.

Restricted to three-phase systems, earth-fault compensation makes use of a special Petersen coil named afterits inventor and which is also known as an earth-fault quenching coil. This coil compensates the electric currentat the earth-fault point, thereby preventing consequential malfunctions in the electrical system.The objective here is to measure characteristic power transmission parameters on simulated, three-phase,parallel-connected lines fed via a fixed network or a generator, and perform quantitative as well as qualitativeassessments of operational relationships.








EUL 1 Investigations on Three-phase Transmission Lines

EUL 1 Investigations on Three-phase Transmission Lines

Training contents:

Voltage increases on open-circuit lines

Voltage drop as a function of line length

Voltage drop as a function of cos-phi

Capacitive and inductive power losses on a line as a function of U and I

Phase shift on a line





455 Interactive Lab Assistant: High-voltage transmission lines SO2800-6K 1












CO5127-1S 2

Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1Z 1








ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:






EUL 2 Parallel and series connection of transmission lines

EUL 2 Parallel and series connection of transmission lines

Training contents:

Distribution of power and current among parallel-connected lines of equal length

Distribution of power and current among parallel-connected lines of unequal length

Distribution of power and current among series-connected lines of equal length

Distribution of power and current among series-connected lines of unequal length

Load distribution, power flow

Voltage distribution

Quantitative and qualitative evaluations of operational relationships



Media:













CO5127-1S 2


CO5127-1Z 1

Software:

Power supply:










ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:



496 Earth fault compensation unit CO3301-4X 1



EUL 3 Transmission Line with Earth-fault Compensation

EUL 3 Transmission Line with Earth-fault Compensation

Training contents:

Earth fault on a line with an isolated star point

Response to earth faults

Earth-fault compensation



Media:













CO5127-1S 2


CO5127-1Z 1



Software:

Power supply:


Accessories:







ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1









CO3636-6W 1

EUL 4 Transmission Systems with a Synchronous Generator

EUL 4 Transmission Systems with a Synchronous Generator

Training contents:

Power and current distribution in a line network fed by a generator

Parallel operation of a generator and line via the network

Control of active power feed

Control of reactive power feed









SO6200-7D 1










Media:

Software:

Power supply:






CO5127-1S 2


CO5127-1Z 1








ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


Accessories:



ST8010-4L 1



545 Cable Model 12,5 km / 37,5 km (7.8 miles / 23.3 miles) CO3301-3C 1

546 Conversion station 380 V/110 V CO3301-3M 1

EUL 5 Investigations on three phase cables

EUL 5 Investigations on three phase cables

Training contents:

Ferranti effect, charging capacity, critical lengthResistive, inductive and resistive-inductive mixed loadsCompensation for a resistive-inductive loadDetermining zero impedanceSymmetric and asymmetric shortsDealing with star points and shorts to earth

















CO5127-1S 2

Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1Z 1








ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:



567 Cable Model 12,5 km / 37,5 km (7.8 miles / 23.3 miles) CO3301-3C 1

568 Conversion station 380 V/110 V CO3301-3M 1


CO5127-1S 2

EUL 6 Combined networks of cables and lines

EUL 6 Combined networks of cables and lines

Training contents:

Differences between cables and transmission linesInvestigation of connections:- Transmission lines, transformers and cables- Cables, transformers and transmission linesLosses from individual componentsComparisons between theory and practiceParameters for sub-stations

















CO5127-1S 2

Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1Z 1








ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:


ELP Protective systems for high-voltage transmission lines

ELP Protective systems for high-voltage transmission lines

In practice, medium-voltage and high-voltage networks are equipped with protective mechanisms connected viacurrent and voltage transformers.

The equipment set provides the following benefits:

Use of compact, original relays incorporating cutting-edge digital technology

Use of industrial safety relays from prestigious international manufacturers

Monitoring of protective features by means of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)

A relay test option permits the relays to be checked individually







ELP 1 Overcurrent time protection for lines

ELP 1 Overcurrent time protection for lines

Training contents

Designing and parameterising overcurrent time protection

Determining the reset ratio in the case of single-, double- and triple-pole short circuit

Determining a relay‘s shortest release time

Checking a circuit breaker‘s release behaviour in the event of a failure





594 Interactive Lab Assistant: Protective systems for high-voltagetransmission line

SO2800-6L 1




SO4001-3G 1









Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 1


606 Relay Test Unit CO3301-5N 1







612 Connection plugs for PROFIBUS with PG socket and terminatingresistor

LM9182 5

613 Connection cable for PROFIBUS, per metre LM9181 10

614 Wire stripper for PROFIBUS cables LM9184 1


ST7200-3A 1



Accessories:



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



620 Time Overcurrent Relay with directional feature CO3301-4D 1

ELP 2 Directional overcurrent time protection for lines

ELP 2 Directional overcurrent time protection for lines

Training contents:

Designing and parametrizing overcurrent time protection

Determining the reset ratio in the case of single-, doubleand triple-pole short circuit

Forward and reverse protection






SO2800-6L 1




SO4001-3G 1









Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 1










LM9182 5




ST7200-3A 1



Accessories:



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



647 Time Over / Undervoltage Relay CO3301-4N 1

ELP 3 Overvoltage and undervoltage protection

ELP 3 Overvoltage and undervoltage protection

Training contents:

Determining rise and fall times

Determining the reset ratio

Determining the inherent time

Setting and testing various characteristics






SO2800-6L 1




SO4001-3G 1









Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 1










LM9182 5




ST7200-3A 1



Accessories:



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



674 Power and Reverse power relay CO3301-4G 1

ELP 4 Directional power protection

ELP 4 Directional power protection

Training contents:


Implementing protection against reverse loads

Interaction with overcurrent time relays






SO2800-6L 1




SO4001-3G 1









Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 1










LM9182 5




ST7200-3A 1



Accessories:



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



701 Earth fault voltage Relay CO3301-4K 1


ELP 5 Earth-fault voltage protection

ELP 5 Earth-fault voltage protection

Training contents:

Measuring voltages in a sound, three-phase network

Measuring voltages in a three-phase network experiencing earth faults


Determining the inherent time

Relay responses to momentary and permanent earth faults






SO2800-6L 1




SO4001-3G 1









Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 1










LM9182 5




ST7200-3A 1


Accessories:




ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


ELP 6 Protection of Parallel-connected Lines

ELP 6 Protection of Parallel-connected Lines

Training contents:

Protecting parallel-connected lines with different overcurrent time relays

Parallel operation in the fault-free state

Determining minimum response values for non-directional overcurrent time relays

Determining directions of protection for directional overcurrent time relays

Determining minimum response values for directional overcurrent time relays

Time grading for overcurrent time relays

Checking selectivity through combined overcurrent and directional measurements

Networking protective relays




730 Time Overcurrent Relay with directional feature CO3301-4D 2





SO2800-6L 1




SO4001-3G 1






Media:

Software:









CO5127-1S 1








Power supply:


Accessories:




LM9182 5




ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




759 High-speed distance protection relay CO3301-4C 1


761 Current transformer, 3 phase CO3301-4T 1


ELP 7 High-speed distance protection

ELP 7 High-speed distance protection

Training contents:

Preparation of a grading schedule

Relay parameterisation

Tests of triggering characteristics in the event of various faults inside and outside the line‘s protectivedomain

Operating a distance protection relay with current and voltage transformers

Tests of triggering characteristics in the event of various faults inside and outside the protective domain:

- Distance protection

- Overcurrent time protection

- Voltage protection






SO2800-6L 1




SO4001-3G 1









Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 1










LM9182 5




ST7200-3A 1


Accessories:




ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Electric power distribution


Electrical power at large switching stations is distributed almost exclusively using double busbar systems.

These stations incorporate switching matrices for connecting the two busbars, the incoming and outgoing feedercubicles as well as the measurement fields. The incoming and outgoing feeder cubicles as well as the switchingmatrices are furnished with circuit breakers and one disconnector for each busbar terminal. For safety reasons,a particular switching logic must be strictly adhered to here. The double busbar model incorporates all functionsof practical relevance. Integrated instruments for measuring currents and voltages permit direct analyses ofswitching operations.



789 Double busbar unit, three-phase, incoming / outgoing feeder CO3301-3R 4

790 Double busbar unit, three-phase, coupler panel CO3301-3S 1


792 Ohmic load 3x 560 Ohm CO3301-3H 1

EPD Busbar systems

EPD Busbar systems

Training contents:

Basic circuits of a three-pole, double busbar system with incoming / outgoing feeder

Three-phase, double busbar system with load

Busbar changeover without interruption of the branch

Preparation of algorithms for various switching operations

Busbar coupling





793 Interactive Lab Assistant: Bus bar systems SO2800-6N 1











Media:

Software:

Power supply:




CO5127-1S 1







808 Safety measurement cable (4mm) , 25cm, black SO5126-8B 6


LM9182 5




ST7200-3A 1



Accessories:



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



817 Three-phase asynchronous motor, squirrel-cage, 1kW SE2672-5G 1



Optional Accessories:







824 Set of Balancing transformer CO3301-4Y 1

EDP Protection for Busbars systems

EDP Protection for Busbars systems

Training contents:

Registration of currents in normal operating mode

Registration of currents in the event of single-, double- or triple-pole short circuit

Faults outside the protective domain







827 Interactive Lab Assistant: Protection for bus bar systems SO2800-6M 1




SO4001-3G 1







Media:

Software:

Power supply:






CO5127-1S 1








LM9182 5




ST7200-3A 1


Accessories:




ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Energy management

Energy management

For economic and environmental reasons, a rational use of energy is becoming increasingly important.Exercises on manual and automatic compensation of reactive power as well as experiments on reducing peakloads through measurements with active-current and maximum-demand meters demonstrate how the load on amains supply network can be reduced and evenly distributed over a 24-hour period. An analysis of the powersupply grid and connected consumers (loads) is necessary for effective use of the involved measurementtechniques. Accordingly, each experiment permits a detailed investigation of static, dynamic, symmetric andasymmetric loads. Protection of electrical consumers is another important training subject.


EUC Energy management

EUC Energy management

Experiments on reducing peak loads through measurements with active-current and maximum-demand metersdemonstrate how the load on a mains supply network can be reduced and evenly distributed over a 24-hourperiod. An analysis of the power supply grid and connected consumers (loads) is necessary for effective use ofthe measurement techniques involved. Accordingly, each experiment permits a detailed investigation of static,dynamic, symmetric and asymmetric loads.

In this case, a three-phase asynchronous motor coupled with the servo machine test stand is used as adynamic load. The active and reactive powers (motor‘s cos-phi) depend on the motor load and are therefore notconstant. The servo machine test stand can be used to drive the asynchronous motor, thereby feeding activepower into the three-phase network.

Reactive power compensation in alternating voltage networks is designed to reduce undesirable reactive currentand resultant reactive power of consumers. In this process, capacitive loads are connected to all inductive loadsvia a central feed point. The opposing, capacitive reactive power arising here is ideally of the same magnitude asthe installed, inductive reactive power. This reduces undesirable reactive currents, and none of the systemsneeded to supply the reactive current has to be over-dimensioned.





EUC 1 Complex loads, power consumption measurement and peak load monitoring

EUC 1 Complex loads, power consumption measurement and peak load monitoring

Training contents:

Three-phase consumers with star and delta connections (R, L, C, RL, RC and RLC loads)

Measurement with active and reactive energy meters:

- for symmetric and asymmetric RL loads

- in the event of a phase failure

- in the event of over-compensation (RC load)

- for active loads

- in the event of energy-flow reversal

Determination of the first and second power maxima

Determination of the power maximum in the event of an asymmetric load

Recording of load profiles











CO5127-1S 1


858 Interactive Lab Assistant: Energy management SO2800-6P 1

859 Interactive Lab Assistant: Asynchronous machines 0.3/1kW SO2800-1C 1



Power supply:


Media:

Software:













ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:




876 Star-Delta switch CO3212-2D 1



CO3636-6W 1

EUC 2 Dynamic loads

EUC 2 Dynamic loads

Training contents:

Dynamic, three-phase load (asynchronous motor)

Power measurement in the case of energy-flow reversal









SO6200-7D 1







CO5127-1S 1




Power supply:


Media:















ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1

Software:

Accessories:



ST8010-4L 1


EUC 3 Manual and automatic compensation of reactive power

EUC 3 Manual and automatic compensation of reactive power

Training contents:

Operating an asynchronous machine and recording its characteristic parameters

Calculating parameters for compensation capacitors

Compensation using various capacitors

Determining stage power

Manual compensation of reactive power

Automatic identification of a reactive power controller‘s connections

Automatic compensation of reactive power



903 Reactive Power controller CO3301-5D 1

904 Switchable Capacitor Battery CO3301-5E 1







CO5127-1S 1






Power supply:


Media:















ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1

Software:

Accessories:



ST8010-4L 1


ECP Protection for electrical consumers

ECP Protection for electrical consumers

Malfunctions in electrical systems resulting from short circuits, overload etc. must be prevented or at leastrestricted by means of appropriate protective measures, and the faulty devices disconnected selectively from thenetwork. For the protective features to be properly implemented and correctly dimensioned, it is necessary toknow their trigger characteristics and times, as well as their operational characteristics.



926 Board for motor protection systems 1kW CO3213-7Y 1

927 Three-phase motor with different temperature sensors 1kW SE2672-5Y 1

EEM 4.6 Protection for electrical machines

EEM 4.6 Protection for electrical machines

Squirrel cage motors are designed for operation with constant loading. Any change in load, or high currentswhen starting up, may cause the nominal operating temperature to be exceeded. This training system conveyshow some of the most important protection circuits work.

Training contents:

Selection, installation and configuration of various motor protection systems

Motor protection switches

Motor protection relays

Thermistor protection

Effect of various operating systems on the heat of the motor

Triggering characteristics for protection systems

Protection from impermissible loading




928 Multi 18 digital multimeter LM2331 1


929 Manual EEM 4.6, Protection for electrical machines with servo-brake

SH5002-1U 1



CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1



Media:


Power supply:




CO5127-1Z 1








ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



Accessories:



947 Motor management relay with parameter setting software CO3636-6C 1


EDT 51 Motor management relays

EDT 51 Motor management relays

Training contents:

Configuration and operation (computer based)

Programming of basic functions:direct starter motors, star-delta starting, starting of polarity-switchable motors, motor protection, overloadlimits, switch-off behaviour

Investigation of operating response

Measurement of power and RMS values

Load experiments

Determination of operating points

Measurement of dynamic processes during start-up





949 Manual EDT51, Controlling motors with motor management relays SH5002-3R 1

950 QuickChart set, Engine management relays (GB) SO6200-7C 1



CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1





CO5127-1Z 1

Media:


Power supply:










ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1


Accessories:


"Smart Grid" - Power with Brains

"Smart Grid" - Power with Brains

In the future, new technology will better equip the power grid for the demands of tomorrow. More flexible gridmanagement should make the increasing proportion of renewable energy sources compatible with conventionalinfrastructures associated with power stations. The variety and number of these decentralised power plantsrequire a revision in how we manage power grids – the so-called intelligent or "Smart Grid":

Improving coordination of energy requirements and generation

Using modern IT technology, like the Internet, sensors, control systems and wireless transmissiondevices

"Smart metering" – digital current meters measure current consumption at end points of the grid

Shifting household consumption away from peak load periods

Starting flexible applications such as washing machines outside peak load periods, at the initiation of autility provider

The Lucas-Nülle training systems have been designed in anticipation of these developments:

Smart measuring instruments which avail of various communication interfaces (e.g. LAN, RS485, USB)and control elements

SCADA Power Engineering Lab software for the intelligent control and evaluation of the "Smart Grid" withsoft plc

Didactically designed SCADA software

Permits investigation of dynamically alternating loads and power generation inside the laboratory

Intelligent energy management

Modular integration of renewable energies into the smart grid using protective engineering

Wind power plant with doubly-fed asynchronous generator (DFIG) with mains sychronisation

Interactive multimedia training course

Training system on the generation, transmission, distribution, protection and management of electrical energy:

Energy management, smart grid training system

Energy generation, regenerative energy generation

High-voltage transmission lines, protective systems


ESG 1 Smart Grid


ESG 1 Smart Grid


Electrical power at large switching stations is distributed almost exclusively using double busbar systems.These stations incorporate

switching matrices for connecting the two busbars, the incoming and outgoing feeder cubicles as well as themeasurement fields.

The incoming and outgoing feeder cubicles as well as the switching matrices are furnished with circuit breakersand one disconnector

for each busbar terminal. For safety reasons, a particular switching logic must be strictly adhered to here. Thedouble busbar model

incorporates all functions of practical relevance. Integrated instruments for measuring currents and voltagespermit direct analyses of

switching operations.Transmission lines

For your safety, the 380-kV transmission lines are investigated and connected at a low-voltage level withoutdetracting from the characteristics

of a real high-voltage line. This realistic simulation of a 380-kV transmission line switches over automaticallybetween line

lengths of 300 km and 150 km once the overlay mask has been put into place.Joint use of several line simulation models connected in parallel or series permits complex networks to beassembled.

Line protection

In practice, medium-voltage and high-voltage networks are

equipped with protective mechanisms connected via current and

voltage transformers.

The equipment set offers the following benefits

Use of compact, original relays incorporating cutting-edge digital technology

Use of industrial safety relays from prestigious international manufacturers

Monitoring of protective features by means of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)

A relay test option permits the relays to be checked individually

Investigating complex loads

Experiments on reducing peak loads through measurements with active-current and maximum-demand metersdemonstrate how the load on a mains supply network can be reduced and evenly distributed over a 24-hourperiod. An analysis of the power supply grid and connected consumers (loads) is necessary for effective use ofthe measurement techniques involved. Accordingly, each experiment permits a detailed investigation of static,dynamic, symmetric and asymmetric loads.

In this case, a three-phase asynchronous motor coupled with the servo machine test stand is used as adynamic load. The active and reactive powers (motor‘s cos-phi) depend on the motor load and are therefore notconstant. The servo machine test stand can be used to drive the asynchronous motor, thereby feeding activepower into the three-phase network. Reactive power compensation in alternating voltage networks is designed toreduce undesirable reactive current and resultant reactive power of consumers. In this process, capacitive loadsare connected to all inductive loads via a central feed point. The opposing, capacitive reactive power arising hereis ideally of the same magnitude as the installed, inductive reactive power. This reduces undesirable reactivecurrents, and none of the systems needed to supply the reactive current has to be over-dimensioned.


ESG 1.1




969 Double busbar unit, three-phase, coupler panel CO3301-3S 1



ESG 1.1

Three-phase double busbar system

Training contents:

Basic circuits of a three-pole, double busbar system

Three-phase, double busbar system with load

Busbar changeover without interruption of the branch

Preparation of algorithms for various switching operations

Busbar coupling

Investigations on Three-phase Transmission Lines

Training contents:

Voltage increases on open-circuit lines

Voltage drop as a function of line length

Voltage drop as a function of cos-phi

Capacitive and inductive power losses on a line as a function of U and I

Phase shift on a line

Overcurrent time protection for lines

Training contents:

Designing and parameterising overcurrent time protection

Determining the reset ratio in the case of single-, double- and triple-pole short circuit

Determining a relay‘s shortest release time

Checking a circuit breaker‘s release behaviour in the event of a failure

Equipment set comprising the following:










CO5127-1S 2


978 Interactive Lab Assistant: Smart Grid SO2800-6S 1

979 Interactive Lab Assistant: Bus bar systems SO2800-6N 1



SO2800-6L 1

Power supply:


Media:



982 Software SCADA for PowerLab, designer software SO4001-3F 1


SO4001-3G 1










992 Safety measurement cable (4mm) , 25cm, black SO5126-8B 6



LM9182 10

Software:

Accessories:





ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



ESG 1.2





ESG 1.2

Complex loads, power consumption measurement and peak load monitoring

Training contents:

Three-phase consumers with star and delta connections (R, L, C, RL, RC and RLC loads)

Measurement with active and reactive energy meters:

- for symmetric and asymmetric RL loads

- in the event of a phase failure

- in the event of over-compensation (RC load)

- for active loads

- in the event of energy-flow reversal

Determination of the first and second power maxima

Determination of the power maximum in the event of an asymmetric load

Recording of load profiles

Dynamic loads

Training contents:

Dynamic, three-phase load (asynchronous motor)

Power measurement in the case of energy-flow reversal

Manual and automatic compensation of reactive power

Training contents:

Operating an asynchronous machine and recording its characteristic parameters

Calculating parameters for compensation capacitors

Compensation using various capacitors

Determining stage power

Manual compensation of reactive power

Automatic identification of a reactive power controller‘s connections

Automatic compensation of reactive power

Equipment set comprising the following:





1007 Star-Delta switch CO3212-2D 1

1008 Reactive Power controller CO3301-5D 1

1009 Switchable Capacitor Battery CO3301-5E 1



CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1




Power supply:






CO5127-1S 1











Media:

Accessories:





1029 Safety measurement cable (4mm), 150cm, brown SO5126-9J 2

1030 Safety measurement cable (4mm), 150cm, black SO5126-9G 2

1031 Safety measurement cable (4mm), 150cm, grey SO5126-9N 2

1032 Safety measurement cable (4mm), 150cm, blue SO5126-9K 2


ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



Supplementary to ESG 1

Supplementary to ESG 1The following equipment sets on energy generation can be used optionally either individually or in combination tosupplement the "ESG 1 Smart Grid" equipment set. As such extensive experiments can be realised to explorethe "Smart Grid".




This equipment set is used to investigate the design and operation of modern wind power stations.

The effect of wind force and the mechanical design of wind power stations can be emulated down to precisedetail using the servo machine testing stand and the WindSim software. The control unit for the double-feedasynchronous machine (as a generator for the wind power plant) permits user-friendly operation and visualisationduring the experiments. The corresponding Interactive Lab Assistant Multimedia course is designed to conveyknowledge and provide interactive support for the experiment set-ups and allows for PC-assisted evaluation ofthe measured data.Training content:

Understand the design and operation of modern wind power plants

Explore the physical fundamentals “From wind to wave”

Learn about different wind power concepts

Set up and commission a double-feed asynchronous wind generator

Operate the generator with varying wind force levels and regulate the output voltage and frequency

Determine optimum operating points under changing wind conditions

Investigate the operating response during mains malfunctions “Fault ride through”

Your benefits:

Exact emulation of the technology of the current multi-megawatt wind power generators

A fully working and functional training system for wind turbines with Double-fed Induction Generator(DFIG)

A wind simulation, which exactly mathematically emulates the wind at the shaft

Investigating responses to "fault-ride-through" FRT grid malfunctions



1038 Control unit for wind turbine double-fed asynchronous generator CO3208-3A 1

1039 Three-phase multi-function machine, 1.0kW SE2662-6W 1

1040 3-phase isolation transformer, 1kW for wind power plants CO3208-3B 1

1041 Incremental position encoder 1024 pulses SE2662-5T 1





1042 Dynamic grid fault simulator CO3208-3C 1



CO3636-6W 1


Supplementary material for FRT experiments:

Supplementary material for FRT experiments:

Training content:

Investigating the response of wind power plants to system faults

Exploring symmetrical fault scenarios

Exploring asymmetrical fault scenarios

Adjusting controller parameters

Representing variables in the dynamic range as well as with positive phase sequence and negative phasesequence

Compensation for the negative sequence components





SO6200-7D 1


1047 Interactive Lab Assistant: Wind power plants with DFIG SO2800-3D 1

1048 Interactive Lab Assistant: Fault Ride-Through of wind power plants SO2800-3E 1





CO5127-1Z 1


CO5127-1S 1



Media:

Power supply:


Software:
















ST7200-3A 1


Accessories:



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




The Advanced Photovoltaics course enables project work to be carried out with industrial components.

The system permits realistic simulation of the progression of the sun. Emulators make it possible to carry outthe experiments in the laboratory without the sun.

The Interactive Lab Assistant Advanced Photovoltaic multimedia course is designed to convey the theoreticalinformation and practical know-how, and performs the PC-supported evaluation of measurement data.



1070 Solar module simulation model, 3-fold, 23V / 2A CO3208-1A 1

1071 Solar module with solar altitude emulator CO3208-1B 1




CO5127-1Z 1


CO5127-1S 1



Training content:

Testing the optimum alignment of solar modules

Recording the characteristics of solar modules

Investigating the module’s response to shadow formation

Investigating how bypass diodes operate

Learning about various types of wiring and connection configurations for solar modules







SO2800-3A 1













Media:

Software:

Accessories:




1088 Safety measurement cable (4mm), 150cm, green SO5126-9P 3


ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1



1094 Solar charge controller 12/24V, 6A CO3208-1M 1



Training content:


Design and testing of a standalone PV systems in direct operation

Design and testing of a standalone PV system in storage operation

Design and testing of a standalone PV system for the generation of 230 V AC voltage




1095 Solar Accumulator 12V, 7Ah CO3208-1E 1






CO5127-1Z 1


CO5127-1S 1



SO2800-3A 1






Media:

Software:














ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1

Accessories:




1120 Industrial photovoltaics inverter CO3208-1G 1

1121 Energy monitor CO3208-1H 1

1122 Single-phase mains supply with switch, circuit breaker and earth-contact socket

CO3211-1A 1



CO5127-1Z 1


CO5127-1S 1



Training content:


Design and testing of PV systems with mains feed

Measure generated power of a PV system

Determine efficiency of the grid-connected inverter

Investigate response of a PV system to mains failure







SO2800-3A 1













Media:

Software:

Accessories:






ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1





Electrical power is mainly produced by three-phase generators. This applies to power stations as well as tostandby power supplies and wind generators. In addition to the basic experiments dealing with three-phasesynchronous generators, the experiments involving the "EUG" module include manual and automaticsynchronising circuits as well as experiments on the automatic power factor control (cos-phi control) and powercontrol. Thus, the ”EUG“ module can be used to simulate power station operation in stand-alone (isolated) orinterconnected operation.







Training contents

“Dark” synchronising circuit

“Light” synchronising circuit

“Cyclic“ synchronising circuit

Active power generation

Inductive reactive power generation

Capacitive reactive power generation






CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1








CO5127-1S 1


Power supply:





SO2800-6E 1






1161 Serial interface cable 9/9 pole LM9040 1







Media:

Software:

Accessories:








ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1





Training contents

Automatic synchroniser circuits

Putting into operation and parameterisation of the automation unit

Synchronisation in test mode

Synchronisation to the real power grid

Response of the automation unit to faulty programming

Automatic power factor control

Parameterisation of the automatic cos-phi controller


Cos-phi control of the synchronous generator

Cos-phi control of the power grid

Automatic power control

Parameterisation of the automatic power controller


Response of power controller to change in control variable and disturbance variable

Power controller sensitivity and direction of action




CO3301-5X 1



CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1








Power supply:




CO5127-1S 1



SO2800-6E 1











Media:

Software:

Accessories:











ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1




1209 Pumped-Storage power station control unit CO3301-5K 1



CO3301-5X 1



In pumped storage power stations electric energy is stored by converting the potential energy of water and thenconverting this potential energy into electrical power which is then fed back into the grid. Thanks to the growth inregenerative energy generation these so-called hydroelectric power storage stations are not only necessary butindispensible in smart power grids with high grid quality.

Training content:

How pumped storage power plants operateStart and synchronisation of synchronous machinesManual power regulation: both in generator and motor modesSemi-automatic active and reactive power controlSmart grid integration of pumped storage power plantsFully-automatic compensation for externally measured active and reactive powerSCADA open and closed-loop system control










CO3636-6W 1





SO6200-7D 1






Power supply:





CO5127-1S 1




1226 Interactive Lab Assistant: Pumped-Storage power station SO2800-6T 1



SO2800-6E 1










Media:


Software:

Accessories:












ST7200-3A 1



ST7200-5A 1


ST8010-4L 1







CO5127-1S 1


Existing External Energy Sources

Existing External Energy Sources

With the following components you have the option to integrate additional existing external energy sources, likee.g. a photovoltaic or wind power station into the "ESG 1 Smart Grid" training system.The following prerequisites must be met:

maximum current per phase: 2.5A

the source voltage must be synchronized to the mains

Optional Accessories:


1168 e smart grid trainer electrical power engineering short

Documents

automatic power control

power generation

automatic power factor

wind power plants

egp generator protection

eug generator control

small wind power plant

pumped storage power