Apostle’s Creed: 2ndArticle-

Redemption and Atonement

Chain the Catechism: A topical study through the Lutheran confessions

Is 53:4-5 Surely he took… Jn 1:29 Look, the lamb… 2 Cor 5:21 God made Him… 1 Peter 2:24 He himself bore…

1 Cor 15:55-57 “Where O death…” 1 Jn 3:8 The reason the Son… 1 Pet 1:18-19 You know that it… 1 Jn 2:2; 2 He is the atoning…

Memorization Verses:

At ONE ment Partner Scripture RaceScavenger hunt this verses until you get one manifold meaning.

AnswersAt ONE ment Team Scripture Race

Scavenger hunt this verses until you get one manifold meaning.

I've Been Redeemed (echo - I've been redeemed)By the Blood of the Lamb (By the blood of the Lamb)

I've been redeemedBy the blood of the LambI've been redeemed by the blood of the LambFilled with the Holy Ghost I amAll my sins are washed away, I've been redeemed.

Verse 2And that's not all (and that's not all)There's more besides (There's more besides)And that's not all, there's more besidesAnd that's not all there's more besidesI've been to the river and I've been baptizedAll my sins are washed away I've been redeemed.

Verse 3How do ya get to heaven? (How do you get to heaven?)Through Jesus Christ (through Jesus Christ)How do ya get to heaven? Through Jesus ChristYou get to heaven through Jesus Christ, He is the Way, the Truth, the LifeAll my sins are washed away I've been redeemed.

Dear Jesus,You humbled yourself…On the cross you redeemed me from…You have triumphed…We are free…Now the Devil…Now Death…Your blood…Now I and all people…

LSB 528lutheran-hymnal.com/online/tlh-360.midD-|GGA-A-|BAG-A-|BBC-B-|A---D-|1. Oh, for a thousand tongues to singMy great Redeemer's praise,The glories of my God and King,The triumphs of His grace!2. My gracious Master and my God,Assist me to proclaim,To spread through all the earth abroad,The honors of Thy name.3. Jesus!--the name that charms our fears,That bids our sorrows cease;'Tis music in the sinner's ears,'Tis life and health and peace.4. He breaks the power of canceled sin,He sets the prisoner free;His blood can make the foulest clean;His blood avails for me.5. Look unto Him, ye nations; ownYour God, ye fallen race,

Look and be saved through faith alone,Be justified by grace.6. See all your sins on Jesus laid;The Lamb of God was slain;His soul was once an offering madeFor every soul of man.7. Glory to God and praise and loveBe ever, ever givenBy saints below and saints above,The Church in earth and heaven.

Many teenagers thought that God simply wanted them to feel good and do good -- what the study's researchers called "moralistic therapeutic deism.”Christian Smith, Sociologist

“A god who demands the child-sacrifice of his own son to satiate his own wrath? That is not Jehovah; that is Molech. God was not punishing Christ on the Cross; he was IN Christ, reconciling the world to Himself.”Orthodox Archbishop Lazar PuhaloOrthodox Archbishop Lazar Puhalo

2nd Art. Christ’s Humiliation: Discussion

Redemption: to make paymentAtonement: to make satisfaction

between two conflicted parties (“at-one-ment” is the English coinage). (NT: Justification)

Describing different methods of arbitrating peace amidst injustice or turmoil.

For Luther, the terms are often used interchangeably, but do have specific sciptural distinction/underpinnings

2nd Art. Atonement: Terms Defined

1. Christus Victor: Man is under Satan’s dominion, Jesus comes to defeat Satan and rescue

humanity by being a ransom for Satan. Proponent: Origen, Gregory of Nyssa, and Aulen Matthew 20:28; Mark 10:45; 1 Timothy 2:5-6

2. Moral Influence: Christ sympathizes with man’s affliction, lets a perfect life and takes on

our infirmities and weaknesses to soften us to follow in the laws of love taught by Jesus.

Proponents: Greek Orthodox, Post-Modern, Liberal Protestants, Abelard 1 Peter 2:21: “Christ suffered for you, leaving you an example, that you

should follow in his steps.”

3. Penal Substitution: Mankind is thoroughly corrupt, Christ fulfills the three offices and takes

our place under divine judgement, satisfying the payment of sin by His death.

Proponents: Justin Matryr, Ignatius, Augustine, Luther, Calvin, Rome Hebrews,  2 Cor. 5:27: God made him who had no sin to be sin[a] for us, so

that in him we might become the righteousness of God. Other Notable Theories: Governmental (Ability to Recognize Sin),

Mystical (Realize god-consciousness), Commercial (imparted the quantitative honor that Jesus secures).

2nd Art. Atonement: Theories Examined

Limited Atonement: Christ’s death and justification is limited only

to those whom He also saves from Hell (the Elect)

Unlimited Atonement: Christ’s death expiated the sins of the whole

world objectively on the cross.Objective/Subjective Justification:

Difference in object of justification: God or man.

Imputed Righteousness: The unique Reformational understanding of

Justification as declarative right standing

2nd Art. Atonement: Limited or Unlimited?

2nd Art. Atonement: OT ContextMan is under a curse from

disobedience and federal connection to Adam

God models His intolerance of sinfulness through wrath

God models His mercy through the cultic rite of sacrifice and covering.

Importance of blood and death in connection to Objective Atonement

Importance of communal sincerity in repenting and receiving mercy (Subjective Atonement).

1.  Abraham looked up and there in a thicket he saw a ram caught by its horns. He went over and took the ram and sacrificed it as a burnt offering instead of his son. 14 So Abraham called that place The LORD Will Provide. Gen. 22:13-14

2. Aaron is to offer the bull for his own sin offering to make atonement for himself and his household. 7 Then he is to take the two goats and present them before the LORD at the entrance to the tent of meeting. 8 He is to cast lots for the two goats—one lot for the LORD and the other for the scapegoat. 9 Aaron shall bring the goat whose lot falls to the LORD and sacrifice it for a sin offering. 10 But the other goat will be used for making atonement by sending it into the wilderness as a scapegoat. Lev. 16: 6-10

3. Yet it was the LORD’s will to crush him and cause him to suffer,   and though the LORD makes his life an offering for sin, he will see his offspring and prolong his days, and the will of the LORD will prosper in his hand. After he has suffered,  he will see the light of life and be satisfied; by his knowledge my righteous servant will justify many, and he will bear their iniquities. Is. 53: 10-11

2nd Art. Atonement: OT Exegesis

1.  Abraham looked up and there in a thicket he saw a ram caught by its horns. He went over and took the ram and sacrificed it as a burnt offering instead of his son. 14 So Abraham called that place The LORD Will Provide.

Gen. 22:13-14

2. Aaron is to offer the bull for his own sin offering to make atonement for himself and his household.  7 Then he is to take the two goats and present them before the LORD at the entrance to the tent of meeting. 8 He is to cast lots for the two goats—one lot for the LORD and the other for the scapegoat. 9 Aaron shall bring the goat whose lot falls to the LORD and sacrifice it for a sin offering.  10 But the other goat will be used for making atonement by sending it into the wilderness as a scapegoat.

Lev. 16: 6-10

3. Yet it was the LORD’s will to crush him and cause him to suffer,   and though the LORD makes his life an offering for sin, he will see his offspring and prolong his days, and the will of the LORD will prosper in his hand. After he has suffered,  he will see the light of life and be satisfied; by his knowledge my righteous servant will justify many, and he will bear their iniquities. 

Is. 53: 10-11

 hl( (‘alah): To climb or ascend and meet. Connected to ‘olah

Txt (Ta’chath): from underneath, from where one stands. Transferance

h)r (Ra’ah): To make clear in one’s sight, be taken care f.

Rpk (Kaphar): To cover over; make airtight (as with pitch). Lid of the Covenant

lz)z( (‘aza’zel): to completely remove through substitution

2nd Art. Atonement: OT Exegesis

Connection between Atonement and Propitiation with forgiveness.Forgiveness and mercy are completely bound

with righteous expiation through sacrifice.Examples: Healings, parable of tenet and tax

collector, Lord’s supper and Crucifixion

Pauline development of sacrifice as substitutionary and effective for all people.Objective/Subjective, active through faith.Connected to the OT system as archetype

2nd Art. Atonement: NT Context

For Christ our Passover also has been sacrificed.1 Cor. 5:7

For Christ also died for sins once for all, the just for the unjust, in order that He might bring us to God 1 Pet. 3:18

But now apart from the Law the righteousness of God has been manifested, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets, (22) even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe; for there is no distinction; (23) for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, (24) being justified as a gift by His grace through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus; (25) whom God displayed publicly as a propitiation in His blood through faith. This was to demonstrate His righteousness, because in the forbearance of God He passed over the sins previously committed; (26) for the demonstration, I say, of His righteousness at the present time, that He might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus. Rom. 3:21-26

2nd Art. Atonement: NT Exegesis

1. For Christ our Passover also has been sacrificed.

1 Cor. 5:7

2. For Christ also died for sins once for all, the just for the unjust, in order that He might bring us to God

1 Pet. 3:18

3. But now apart from the Law the righteousness of God has been manifested, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets, (22) even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe; for there is no distinction; (23) for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, (24) being justified as a gift by His grace through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus; (25) whom God displayed publicly as a propitiation in His blood through faith. This was to demonstrate His righteousness, because in the forbearance of God He passed over the sins previously committed; (26) for the demonstration, I say, of His righteousness at the present time, that He might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus. 

Rom. 3:21-26

pa/sxa (Paschal): Passover sacrifice that is both eaten, and used to rescue from death.

prosa/gw (prosago): To summon before a court in a forensic sense. To bring up.

Dikaioumenoi (Dikaioumenoi): To render righteousness through legal declaration, NOT enabling.

a)polu/trwsiv (Apolotrosis): Releasing due to payment

iÔlasth/rion (Hilasterion): Cover of the ark, expiation and forgiveness; always connected with blood.

2nd Art. Atonement: NT Exegesis

Atonement in the OT is a covering up of sins through imperfect sacrificeOT community is saved through future blood of Christ,

not by animalsDevelops a sense of anticipation and expectation that

we share today regarding the second coming.As we look back on the sacrifice of Calvary, we see

the importance of:Christ taking on the full wrath of God for meChrist redeeming me from impotent weapons of Satan

in the divine economyChrist securing a perfect disposition for the Father to

bring us truly and legally blameless before the Godhead.

2nd Art. Atonement: Application

"I believe in Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who suffered, was crucified, and died for us." This is the most joyous of all doctrines and the one that contains the most comfort. It teaches that we have the indescribable and inestimable mercy and love of God. When the merciful Father saw that we were being oppressed through the Law, that we were being held under a curse, and that we could not be liberated from it by anything, He sent His Son into the world, heaped all the sins of all men upon Him, and said to Him "Be Peter the denier; Paul the persecutor, blasphemer, and assaulter; David the adulterer; the sinner who ate the apple in Paradise; the thief on the cross. In short, be the person of all men, the one who has committed the sins of all men. And see to it that You pay and make satisfaction for them." Now the Law comes and says: "I find Him a sinner, who takes upon Himself the sins of all men. I do not see any other sins than those in Him. Therefore let Him die on the cross!" And so it attacks Him and kills Him. By this deed the whole world is purged and expiated from all sins, and thus it is set free from death and from every evil.'

2nd Art. Atonement: Application

Why did Christ humble himself? From what has Christ redeemed you? How has Christ redeemed you from all sins? Rescued you from death? The power of the devil? With what has Christ redeemed you? How does this work of redemption benefit you? Has Christ redeemed only you?

SS: Voluntary HumblingM: Redemption: Taking on the CurseT : Rescue from Death and the DevilW: Blood BenefitsTh: Universal Atonement

2nd Article of the Apostle’s Creed:Redemption and Atonement

Christ voluntarily humbled Himself in order to "redeem me, a lost and condemned person."

Is 53:4-5 Surely He took up our infirmities and carried our sorrows, yet we considered Him stricken by God, smitten by Him, and afflicted. But He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon Him, and by His wounds we are healed.

Jn 10:17-18 I lay down My life-only to take it up again. No one takes it from Me, but I lay it down of My own accord.

• Pray: O holy, but afflicted Jesus, how

is my soul divided between the two so different passions of joy and grief.

When I consider Your sufferings upon the cross for my sake, and the redemption of a lost and undone world, my eyes gush forth with rivers of waters, when I think on those pains and agonies it cost You, to pay the bitter price of my redemption. Hear me, O Lord, for Your mercy’s sake, and let not Your cross fall heavy upon me, on account of my sins, nor crush me to pieces. But through the merits of Your cross, let me be exalted into Your everlasting kingdom. Amen. (Johann Gerhard, 1582-1637).

SS: Voluntary Humbling

He has redeemed me "from all sins, from death, and from the power of the devil."

Jn 1:29 Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!

Heb 2:14-15, 17 Since the children have flesh and blood, He too shared in their humanity so that by His death He might destroy him who holds the power of death-that is, the devil-and free those who all their lives were held in slavery by their fear of death.... For this reason He had to be made like His brothers in every way, in order that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in service to God, and that He might make atonement for the sins of the people.

A. He took my guilt and punishment upon Himself

Rom 5:19 Through the obedience of the one man the many will be made righteous.

2 Cor 5:21 God made Him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.

Gal 3:13 Christ redeemed us from the curse of

the law by becoming a curse for us, for it is written: "Cursed is everyone who is hung on a tree."

B. He freed me from the slavery of sin. Jn 8:34, 36 I tell you the truth, everyone who

sins is a slave to sin.... So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed.

1 Peter 2:24 He Himself bore our sins in His body on the tree, so that we might die to sins and live for righteousness; by His wounds you have been healed.

• Pray: O Lord, rescue us from the captivity of

the sins which have oppressed us, so that we may attain the dwellings of the heavenly Jerusalem; through Jesus Christ. Amen. (Sarum Breviary, 13th c.)

M Redemption: Taking on the Curse

Through His suffering, death, and resurrection, Christ has triumphed over death. Since He now gives me eternal life I need not fear death.

1 Cor 15:55-57 "Where, 0 death, is your victory? Where, 0 death, is your sting?" The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. But thanks be to God! He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.

2 Tim 1:10 Our Savior, Christ Jesus has destroyed death and has brought life and immortality to light through the gospel.

1 Peter 1:3 In His great mercy He has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead.

Christ has completely conquered the devil. Therefore the devil can no longer accuse me of my sins, and I can resist his temptations.

Gen 3:15 I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; He will crush your head, and you will strike His heel.

1 Jn 3:8 The reason the Son of God appeared was to destroy the devil's work.

James 4:7 Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.

Rm 8:31-34 What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all, how will he not also with him graciously give us all

things? Who shall bring any charge against God's elect? It is God who justifies. Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.

Col 2:15 He disarmed the rulers and authorities and put them to open shame, by triumphing over them in him.

Heb 2:14-15 Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook of the same things, that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil, and deliver all those who through fear of death were subject to lifelong slavery.

1 Pet 5:8-9 Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. Resist him, firm in your faith, knowing that the same kinds of suffering are being experienced by your brotherhood throughout the world.

Rev 12:10 And I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying, “Now the salvation and the power and the kingdom of our God and the authority of his Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers  has been thrown down, who accuses them day and night before our God.

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T Rescue from Death and the Devil

Pray: To free us from sin and from the curse laid upon us, You took both sin and the curse upon Yourself. You crushed the head of the dragon that had seized men by the throat and thrust them into the gulf prepared for the disobedient. When You shattered the gates of Hell and trampled the devil, death’s lord, beneath Your feet, You cleared the way for our resurrection. To us who fear You, You gave a sign, the sign of Your holy cross, to destroy the Enemy and infuse new vigor into our lives. Forgive me; for You have power to forgive sins on earth. When I am divested of my body, may I stand before You with my soul unspotted. Amen (Macrina the

Younger, c. 327-80) Dear God, we are truly tortured by

sin and surrounded by death. We have become the shameful images of the devil. Restore again to us Your work which is righteous and lifegiving. Deliver us from the works of the devil, by which e has cast us from life into death. Amen. (Luther)

Christ has redeemed me, "not with gold or silver, but with His holy, precious blood and with His innocent suffering and death.”

Is 53:5 By His wounds we are healed.

1 Pet 1:18-19 You know that it was not with perishable things such as silver or gold that you were redeemed from the empty way of life handed down to you from your forefathers, but with the precious blood of Christ, a lamb without blemish or defect.

1 Jn 1:7 The blood of Jesus, His Son, purifies us from all sin.

Christ was my substitute. He took my place under God's judgment against sin. By paying the penalty of my guilt, Christ atoned, or made satisfaction, for my sins (vicarious atonement).

Is 53:4-5 Surely He took up our infirmities and carried our sorrows, yet we considered Him stricken by God, smitten by Him, and afflicted. But He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon Him, and by His wounds we are healed.

2 Cor 5:21 God made Him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.

Heb 2:17 For this reason He had to be made like His brothers in every way, in order that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in service to God, and that He might make atonement for the sins of the people.

•

Pray: O Lord God, the just Judge, strong and patient, You now the frailty and wickedness of men. Be my strength, and all my trust, for my own conscience does not suffice for me. Although I know nothing by myself, yet I cannot hereby justify myself; for without Your mercy, in Your sight shall no man living be justified. Amen. (Thomas a Kempis, c. 1380-1471).

W Blood Benefits

Universal Atonement Christ has redeemed me and all people (universal atonement).

2 Cor 5:15 He died for all. 2 Cor 5:19 God was reconciling the

world to Himself in Christ, not counting men's sins against them.

1 Tim 1:15 Here is a trustworthy saying that deserves full acceptance: Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners-of whom I am the worst.

1 Jn 2:2 He is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world.

2 Pet 2:1 [They deny the] Lord who bought them bringing swift destruction on themselves.

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Pray: O Blessed Lord, who has commanded us to love one another, grant us grace that, having received Your undeserved bounty, we may love every one in You and for You. We implore Your mercy for all; but especially for the friends whom Your love has given to us. Love them, O Fountain of love, and make them to love You with all their heart, that they may will, and speak, and do those things only which are pleasing to You. Amen. (Anselm of Canterbury, 1033-1109)

Th Burial

ConclusionChrist voluntarily humbled Himself in order to "redeem me, a lost and condemned person.“He has redeemed me "from all sins, from death, and from the power of the devil." A. He took my guilt and punishment upon HimselfB. He freed me from the slavery of sin.Through His suffering, death, and resurrection, Christ has triumphed over death. Since He now gives me eternal life I need not fear death.Christ has completely conquered the devil. Therefore the devil can no longer accuse me of my sins, and I can resist his temptations.

Christ has redeemed me, "not with gold or silver, but with His holy, precious blood and with His innocent suffering and death.”Christ was my substitute. He took my place under God's judgment against sin. By paying the penalty of my guilt, Christ atoned, or made satisfaction, for my sins (vicarious atonement).Christ has redeemed me and all people (universal atonement).

2nd Article:Exaltation:

Resurrection

Next Time…(5/6)