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Topic No . 11
URBAN GROWTH
Population is one of the main factors effecting on the land use of urban area. For
study of the urban growth to know about age & sex structure, population growth etc.
Because population growth is effect on the urban land use. Growing population rate
effect on the land use of Sawantwadi Town. This population trend shown in the table
no. 11.1
TABLE NO. 11.1
POPULATION & GROWTH RATE OF POPULATION.
Town Name 1981 Growth
rate 1991
Growth
rate 2001
Growth
rate
Malvan 17328 -1.43 17986 +3.80 18680 +3.90
Sawantwadi 18671 +10.7 21305 +14.1 22901 +7.5
Vengurla 12339 +4.5 12257 -0.7 12471 +1.7
FIG. NO. 11.1
GROWTH RATE OF POPULATION
Table no. 11.1 and Fig. No. 11.1 shows the population & growth rate of
Sindhudurg urban area. In the decade 1991 population of Malvan town is 17328
persons & growth rate of population is decreased by -1.43. In the decade 1991
population is increased i.e. 17986 persons so, growth rate is increase by 3.80 & in the
decade 2001 again population is increased by 18680 persons. In the Sawantwadi town
population is increased in all three decades. In the decade 1991 growth rate of
population is high compare to decade 1981 & 2001 i.e. +14.1. In the decade 2001
growth rate is low compare to decade 1981 & 1991 i.e. +7.5. In the Vengurla town
population is 12339 in the decade 1981 & its growth rate is +4.5. In the decade 1991
population is decreased by 12257 persons so, growth rate is -0.7. In the decade 2001
population is slightly increased i.e. 12471 & its growth rate is +1.7.
In all the three towns’ growth rate of population is low. Compare to Malvan &
Vengurla town growth rate of Sawantwadi town is high & population is increased in
three decades.
The concept of population density is related to the number of people to the space
occupied by them, is one of the most intriguing & most hazardous correlations
employed by geographers. The density of population is as it were the synthesis of all
the geographical phenomena; it expresses eloquently the manner in which man has
taken advantage of the land he occupies. (Spatte, O.H.K. and Learmonth, A.T.A.
(1967): India and Pakistan, p.p. 121-122.)
TABLE NO. 11.2
DENSITY OF POPULATION
Name of the Town 1981 1991 2001
Malvan 2666 2869 2979
Sawantwadi 3395 3142 3378
Vengurla 951 944 961
FIG. NO. 11.2
DENSITY OF POPULATION
Table no. 11.2 and Fig. No. 11.2 shows the density of population of towns in
Sindhudurg district. In the Malvan town density of population is increased in all the
three decades i.e. 2666 in decade 1981, 2869 in the decade 1991 & 2979 in the decade
2001. In the Sawantwadi town density of population is 3395 in decade 1981 & in the
decade 1991 it is decreased by -253. In the decade 2001 density of population is again
increased by 236. In the Vengurla town density of population in decade 1981 is 951 &
its decreased in the decade 1991 i.e. 944. In the decade 2001 density is increased i.e.
961. In Vengurla town density of population is low & its growth also very low.
Comparison of the three town’s density of population is maximum in the
Sawantwadi town & minimum density is noted in the Vengurla town. In the decade
1991 density of population is decreased in Sawantwadi & Vengurla town but, in the
Malvan town in this decade density of population is increased.
An examination of male-female distribution offers an insight into the process &
patterns of the trends of population growth. Analysis of the sex composition of Malvan,
Sawantwadi & Vengurla town is of vital importance as if not only indicates the future
population growth but also the growth of urbanization. The sex ratio needs special
mention for it is one of the related aspects of the socio-economic characteristics of the
towns. It plays pivotal role in assessing the reproductive performance, mortality,
occupational structure & the migratory character of the population. (Mishra H.N. (1980):
Urban system of developing Economy, Heritage publishers, New Delhi. P.153)
TABLE NO. 11.3
SEX RATIO
Name of the Town 1981 1991 2001
Malvan 1126 1030 967
Sawantwadi 987 974 984
Vengurla 1026 1035 1024
FIG. NO. 11.3
SEX RATIO
In the decade 1981 sex ratio of the Malvan town is 1126 & it has decreased
females per males in 1991 i.e. 1030. In the decade 2001 sex ratio of Malvan town is
again decreased from 967 females per males. In the Sawantwadi town sex ratio is 987
in the decade 1981 & it is declined in the decade 1991 i.e. 974 females per males. In
the decade 2001 it is again increased i.e. 984. Changing the sex ratio rate is very low.
In the Vengurla town sex ratio is 1026 in the decade 1981 & it is increased in the
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
Malvan Sawantwadi Vengurla
1981
1991
2001
decade 1991 i.e. 1035. In the decade 2001 sex ratio is declined from 1024 females per
males. Table No.11.3 and Fig. No. 11.3
Comparison in the three town’s sex ratio is low in the Sawantwadi town & in the
Malvan & Vengurla town sex ratio is high. It is interesting to note that in the Malvan
town sex ratio is continuously declined & in the decade 2001 there is low sex ratio.
TABLE NO. 11.4
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Name of the Town 1991 2001
Malvan 4067 4234
Sawantwadi 4582 5186
Vengurla 2786 2916
FIG. NO. 11.4
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
In the decade 1991 Malvan town having 4067 households & it is increased in the
decade by 167 households. In the Sawantwadi town 4582 households are in the
decade 1991 & in the 2001 there are 5186 households’ i.e. it is increased by 604. In the
Vengurla town 2786 households are found in the decade 1991 & in the decade 2001 it
is increased up to 2916 households.
In the Sawantwadi town maximum households are found compare to the Malvan
& Vengurla town. In the Vengurla town very low households are noted. In all the towns
households are increased. Table No. 11.4 and Fig.No. 11.4
Growth of social facilities.
Road whether “pucca” or “kachcha” are the nervous system of a district. They
act as a pull factor for the development & up-liftmen of the area. Roads with cement
concrete, black top, water bound macadam etc. come under pucca road & the
remaining are treated as kachcha road.
TABLE NO. 11. 5
ROAD LENGTH IN KM
Name of the
Town
1991 2001
Pucca Road Kachcha Road Pucca Road Kachcha Road
Malvan 28.56 0.87 28.90 5.20
Sawantwadi 30.56 7.90 30.60 7.90
Vengurla 21.57 2.43 23.90 2.80
The length of roads in the towns is shown in the table no. 10.5. In the decade
1991 Malvan town has 28.56 km. pucca road & 0.87 km. kachcha road. In the decade
2001 pucca road length is slightly increased i.e. 0.34 km. increased. Road length of
kachcha road is increased i.e. 5.20 km. In the Sawantwadi Town road length of pucca
road is 30.56km. In the decade 1991 & it is very slightly increased in the decade i.e.
0.4km. Kachcha road length is 7.90km. In the decade 1991 & it is not change in the
decade 2001. In the Vengurla town 21.57km pucca road are found in the decade 1991
& it is increased in the decade 2001 i.e. 23.90km. Pucca road is 2.43 km in the decade
1991 & it is change in decade 2001 i.e. 2.80km.
In the Sawantwadi town maximum pucca road is found & in the Vengurla tow
minimum pucca road are found. Maximum kachcha road length is also found in the
Sawantwadi town.
TABLE NO. 11.6
ELECTRIFICATION NO. OF CONNECTIONS
Town Malvan Sawantwadi Vengurla
Decade 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001
Domestic 2918 3749 2978 5130 2085 2614
Industrial 83 88 106 73 56 57
Commercial 592 584 954 1160 470 490
Road
lighting
points
1257 1503 955 1400 1003 1106
Other 269 424 16 23 140 222
All the Towns having 100% power supply facility. Electricity for all purposes is
available in all the towns. In the decade 1991 Malvan town have 2918 electricity
connections for domestic use, 83 connections for industrial use, 592 connections for
commercial use & 269 connections for other use. 1257 road lighting points are noted.
In the decade 2001 all the purpose no. of connections are increased, except
commercial purpose. It is decreased in the decade2001. In the Sawantwadi town
2978 domestic connections are found in the decade 1991, industrial connections are
106,commercial connections are 954 & 955 road lighting points are available. In the
decade 2001 domestic connections are increased by 2152, commercial connections are
increased by 206; road lighting points are increased by 445. But the industrial
connections are decreased by 33 connections. In the Vengurla town 2085 domestic
connections are found in the decade 1991. Industrial connections are 56; commercial
470, other 140 & road lighting points are 1003. In the decade 2001 domestic use of
electricity is increased by 529, commercial use is increased by 20 & road lighting points
are increased by 103. Industrial use is not more increased in the decade 2001. Table
No. 11.6
TABLE NO. 11.7
TOTAL NO. OF LATRINES FACILITY
Name of the Town 1991 2001
Malvan 746 2058
Sawantwadi 630 760
Vengurla 307 1403
FIG. NO. 11.5
TOTAL NO. OF LATRINES FACILITY
In the Malvan town facility of latrine is 746 in the decade 1991 & it is increased in
the decade 2001 i.e. 1312. In the Sawantwadi town 630 latrines facility are available &
it is slightly increased in the decade 2001 i.e. 760. In the Vengurla town 307 latrines
facility which are increased in the decade 2001 i.e. 1403.
Maximum latrines facilities are found in the Malvan town & here increasing
growth is also more than the other towns. In the Sawantwadi town minimum latrines
facilities are found & increasing growth is less than other towns. Table No. 10.7 and
Fig. No. 11.5
TABLE NO. 11.8
MEDICAL FACILITY
In the decade 1991 Malvan town has 1 hospital, 11 dispensaries 1 TB center, 1
family planning center & 1 Nursing home is found. In the 2001 2 new hospitals are
formed & 2 dispensaries are decreased. No.; of beds in the hospitals are 81 which are
not changed. In the Sawantwadi town 1 hospital, 1 ayurvedic hospital, 2 family planning
centers are found. In the decade these facilities are as it is found, there is no change.
In the Vengurla town 2 hospitals, 1 family planning center & 1 TB center are found in the
decade 1991. In the decade 2001 there is 1 new hospital is formed. IN these hospitals
165 no. of beds are found which are increased up to 192.
In the Sawantwadi town no. of hospitals are less other than Malvan & Vengurla
town but, no. of beds are more than other. Table No. 11.8
Name of the
Town
1991 No.of
Beds
2001 No.of
Beds
Malvan H(1),D(11),TB(1),F
PC(1),NH(1)
81 H(3),D(9),FPC(1),TB
(1),HC(1),NH(1)
81
Sawantwadi H(1),AH(1),D(1),DA
(1),FPC(2), O(1)
246 H(1),AH(1),D(1),DA(
1),FPC(2)
244
Vengurla H(2),FPC(1),TB(1) 165 H(3),FPC(1) 192
TABLE NO. 11.9
EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
Town Malvan Sawantwadi Vengurla
Decade 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001
Degree
college
AC(1) AC(1) ASC(1) ASC(1) AC(1) ASC(1)
Jr.college 3 2 2 3 1 1
Secondary
school
10 10 8 8 5 5
Primary 21 21 17 21 12 12
Other 1 1 2
In the Malvan town both the decades education facilities are same i.e. no change
in this facility. Only one Jr. College is decreased. In the Sawantwadi town degree
college, Jr. College & secondary schools are as it is in the both decades. Primary
schools are increased by 4. In the Vengurla town also no change in educational facility.
On an average each town has 1 arts & Commerce College.
Sawantwadi Town has 1 Ayurvedic medical college, Vengurla town has 1
Homiopathic college & Malvan town has 1 technical college. Table No. 11.9
ECONOMICAL FACTORS
TABLE NO. 11.10
Municipal Finance
Town Receipt Expenditure
1991 2001 1991 2001
Malvan 6589200 1433900 6511300 1433900
Sawantwadi 6061000 2343700 5053700 2159300
Vengurla 3576300 1527600 2848200 1527600
Table no. 11.10 gives per capita receipts & expenditure for each town in the Sindhudurg
district. Per capita receipts for each town received through local taxes & receipt from all
other sources. Total expenditure is spent on general administration, on public health,
on public work, on public institution & on other aspects.
TABLE NO. 11.11
BANKING FACILITIES
Town Malvan Sawantwadi Vengurla
Decade 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001
No.of
Banks 7 10 7 8 7 7
No.of
Agri.soci. 1 1 1 1 1 1
No.of non
Agri.soci. 1 3 10 46 4 4
Malvan, Sawantwadi, Vengurla being the important trade centers. The State
Bank of India works for the treasury for the district. In the decade 1991 Malvan town
has 7 banks which are increased in the decade 2001 i.e. 10. No. of non agri. Soci. Is 1
& it is increase up to 3. In the Sawantwadi town 7 no. of banks in the decade 1991 & its
increase 1 bank in the decade 2001. No. of non agri.soci. Are 10 in the decade 1991 &
its more increase up to 46. In the Vengurla town 7 banks, 1 agri. Soci & 4 non agri.soci.
Found in the decade 1991 & in the decade 2001 there is no change. Table No. 11.11
In the each town has 1 agri. Soci. Here mainly notable that non agri. Soci. Are
increased in maximum no. in Sawantwadi town
GROWTH IN TOURISAM
Government of India declared Sindhudurg District as a ‘District of Tourism’ in
1997 and then onwards it has been flourishing simultaneously on the world level
through the different dimensions. The various tourism sport as well as the facilities and
services available in the cities can certainly play a vital role for the development of the
tourism in this district.
Considering this tourisam factor, it becomes essential to study the growth and
the characteristic of the population of these three cities – Vengurla, Malvan and
Sawantwadi.
SAWANTWADI
Moti Talav - This pearl-lake formed like an open oyster under the sun that lies in front of
the royal palace. Built in the era of the then King Khem Sawant Bhonsale III (1755-
1803), the palace buildings which are still in pretty good condition possess the rustic
beauty of Maharashtra's wadis uplifted by regal proportions. This scenic lake is situated
the centre of the town. With walkways and designer lamp-posts all round, it makes
evenings very beautiful.
Situated at the periphery of Sawantwadi town is the Moti Talav, which is called the
majestic beauty spot. This graceful lake with a newly renovated garden nearby
summons the mortals with divine elegance and imperial diktat. The pearly lake
surrounded by emerald hills and girdled by mango and palm trees, is one of the popular
spot for boating and water sport activities. Many locals also find it an ideal destination
for jogging or just gazing into the mist blue water (Photo No. 3)
Ubha Bazar- It is a bazar in sawantwadi famous for wooden toys. (Photo No. 2)
Shilpa Gram Shilpgram is developed to revive the arts and crafts in this region. It is a
major Arts and crafts village where local manufacturers will manufacture handicraft.
Tourists will be able to watch them manufacturing crafts and will also to purchase them.
Besides this an amphitheatre for performing local arts and lakeside accommodation is
also being developed by Maharashtra Tourism (M.T.D.C.)This town is extremely scenic
with the lake (Moti Talav) right in the middle, surrounded by small lanes. The whole
town is surrounded by mountains on all sides, which gives it an enigmatic view. (Photo
No. 1)
Heritage places in Sawantwadi(5)
Chitarali
Chitarali is a place where you can buy wooden toys and other handicraft items such as
Ganjifa cards, jewellery boxes, traditional lacquer ware, bamboo craft, earthen pottery,
hand-knit bags and purses. (Photo No. 2)
Shilpgram
Shilpgram is a village of crafts where local manufacturers make and sell handicraft
items such as Ganjifa cards, jewelry boxes, traditional lacquer ware, bamboo craft,
earthen pottery, hand-knit bags and purses
The Royal Palace
The Royal Palace of Sawantwadi (also known as the Sawantwadi Palace) is one of the
major tourist attractions of the town. Built by Khem Sawant Bhonsle, the ruler of this
region during 1755-1803. Entry gate (Lester gate) was built in 1895.The bricked brown
walls of the palace have a very ethnic touch to it. Wonderfully carved rooms, war
weapons and verdant environs inspire you to flip through your history books once again.
Another specialty of the palace is the wonderful arts and crafts that are developed here.
The walls of the palace are neatly plastered with old photographs, which make your
sauntering around a very knowledgeable experience. The Queen of the royal Sawant
Bhonsle family still lives in the palace and humbly shares interesting anecdotes with
visitors on selected days. (Photo No. 4)
Religious places in Sawantwadi(1)
Vitthal temple
The Vitthal temple is a place of great devotion for the entire city of Sawantwadi. Its 130
feet crest enchants the public and is visible from all the corners of the city. Devotees
from all over the country come to visit this neatly designed temple. (Photo No. 5)
Jagannathrao Bhonsle Garden
It is located at Sawantwadi in Sindhudurg District. It is a major recreation center in the
town and attracts scores of tourists. The garden is bordered by a lake in the south.
Narendra hills
Narendra hills is situated in Sawantwadi which comprises of land having a very diverse
forest which is a good sunrise and sunset point. The place also consists of the
Narendra Van Udyan which is a garden atop and an ideal destination for picnics.
MALVAN TOWN
Chivala beach
This a beautiful stretch of clean sands and clear waters bordering Malvantown from
North West. It is a very small, calm, serene and safe beach , with minimum crowd. The
beautiful “Rock Garden” is located to extreme left side of the Chivala Beach. There are
many beachside home stay accommodations and hotels, which are very popular
among tourists. “VasantiNiwas ” is one such house located near the beautiful Chivala
Beach , giving the perfect home stay experience. It is a perfect spot to laze around and
an excellent spot for morning and evening – walkers (Photo No. 6)
Jai Ganesh temple(Medha : Malvan)
Jai Ganesh temple, just half a kilometer from Malvan city, is a unique piece of modern,
cultural, architecture, built byJayantraoSalgaonkar a famous Maharashtrian astrologer
who renovated his old family house and transformed it into this grandGaneshTemple, as
a memoire of his mother. The temple is named JAY GANESH, as the devotees are
believed to be very successful in life. Inside the sanctum dome, are inscribed eight
traditional idols of Lord Ganpati. The idols of Lord Ganpati along with Riddhi& Siddhi
are gold plated. The influence of Vedic tradition is experienced in the calm and
beautiful natural surroundings of the temple. In addition to the eight famous Ganpati
Temples (Ashta-Vinayak) this Jai Ganesh at Malvan might be called ‘Ninth Ganpati’
inMaharashtra. (Photo No. 10)
Sindhudurg sea fort (Ocean Fort 1.5 km from Malvan)
This huge and historically famous sea-fort was built by King ShivajiMaharaj on the
island of ‘Kurate’ in 1664, The foundation – stone ceremony was performed on 25th
Nov. 1664, not actually on the island but at a place named as ‘MorayachaDhonda’
atDandiBeach-Malavan (2 Km from Malvan). This sea-`fort was constructed to keep a
watch on coastal Naval movements of the period. The Main entrance gate is in the
east, built in snaky, Zigzag pathway, so as not to be seen by the enemy. The Main gate
(Mahadwar) is 9ft. High and 3.5ft. Broad. The fort is Spread in the vicinity of 48 acres
with 2.5 km long rampart walls, 50 observation towers and semi-circular bastions.
There is a main flag-pole on the highest bastion. It took three and half years for the
completion of the construction work of Sindhudurg (on 27th March 1667) Some
uncommon wonders of nature are seen inside the fort. There is a coconut tree having
two branches in front of the main entrance. Sweet drinking water is provided by 3 wells
Sakharbav, Dudhbav and Dahibav along with a tank for storing rain-water. There are
temples of Shivarajesjwar, Hanuman, Mahadev, Bhavani and Jarimarishrines. Wooden
machine boats are used for transportation service. Millions of Indian and foreign
Tourists visit this fort every year. You can enjoy a bird’s eye view of the panoromical
beauty of Malvan-from Tarkarli to Devbaug Sea Beaches. (Photo No. 7)
Rock garden
The tourism department has provided a beautiful Rock Garden just near Malvan (1km)
which is famous as the unique of its kind inIndia. This rock garden is rich with colourful,
decorative flower-trees and sea weed, attractive pathways, greeneries, beautiful pond,
rare curtles, artificially created misty atmosphere and so on. (Photo No. 9)
Snorkeling
There are two kinds of viewing the wonders of the sea water- Snorkeling and Scuba –
Diving. For snorkeling, experienced guides take you to the depth of the sea. But in
stead of reaching bottom they provide you with a special Snorkeling – Mask. You can
hold the pipe of the mask in mouth and float along sea-waters and see the wonders at
the sea-bottom. The guides also inform you about other details such as sea-life, whale-
watching and so on. (Photo No. 8)
Scuba diving
Scuba Diving is a wondrous (thrilling) experience of watching deep secrets of the sea,
where scuba-guides take you safely.
Vengurla is famous for its temples like Rameshwar, Purvas, Gawadeshwar, Rawalnath,
Bhutnath, Vetoba, SateriMandir (Parabwada), Mansishwar, Sagareshwar, Saimandir
(Vengurla S.T. Stand), Marutimandir (near bus stop), MarutiMandir (khardekar road),
MarutiMandir(on the hill), MarutiMandir (kubalwad), Ganesh Mandir (old S T stand),
DnyaeshwarMandir, Pateshwar, EkmukhiDuttmandir (kubalwada), DuttMandir
(vengurlabazzar), VitthalMandir (Bhujnakwadi), VitthalMandir (Dabhoswada),
VitthalMandir (Nathpai road), Ram Mandir (Kubalwada), Ram Mandir(nathpai road),
Ram Mandir (near Rameshwar), Swami Samarth Mandir (khyalgiri-Camp),
BharadiMandir, Narayan Mandir.B(Photo No. 13)
Vengurla is recognized for its beaches. Vayanganibeach,Sagareshwar beach, Mondovi
beach are well-known beaches. (Photo No. 12 )
Dutch Factory
In 1638 the Dutch had a trade settlement at Vengurla, where they victualled their ships
during their eight months' blockade of Goa. A small British factory was established at
Vengurlasome time before 1772. In 1812 the town was ceded to the British by the Ran!
ofSavantvadi.
Town Library (General library)
General library established in 1871. Renamed as "Nagar Vachanalay" in 1935 .Very
popular library in the district. Famed personalities like V.S. Khandekar, P.K.Atre are
visited this library.
Crawford Market
Tower Build in 1876 by British Engineers. There are 3 markets build in India like this
market. Remaining two are in Kolkata and Mumbai. Different types of fruits, vegetables,
fishes and village products are available here for shopping.
Vengurla Port
Vengurla is a large town, and historic port situated half a league from the sea, in the
kingdom of Bijapur. It has one of the best anchorages in all India, and the Dutch always
came there for supplies when they blockaded Goa
Light House
Established in 1869 on Latitude: 15° 51 Min. 12 Sec and Longitude: 73° 37 Min. 0 Sec.
having Tower Height: 43 and Height of Focal Plane: 269 . Now it under control of central
Government. Photo No. 11 )
Vengurla Regional Fruit Research Center Vengurla,