11 manage media and image
TRANSCRIPT
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VERITAS NetBackup 6.x Administration (Fundamentals I)
Lesson 11: Managing Media and Images
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Lesson Introduction
Fundamentals I Course Introduction Lesson 1: NetBackup Essentials Lesson 2: Installing and Configuring
NetBackup Lesson 3: Configuring Devices Lesson 4: Configuring Storage Units Lesson 5: Configuring Media Lesson 6: Configuring Policy Attributes Lesson 7: Scheduling Policies Lesson 8: Client Lists and Backup Selections Lesson 9: Managing and Monitoring Backups Lesson 10: Performing Restores Lesson 11: Managing Media and Images Lesson 12: Performing Catalog Backups and
RestoresFundamentals II
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Lesson Topics and ObjectivesTopic After completing this lesson, you will be able
to:
Topic 1: Understanding Media Describe how NetBackup selects which media to use.
Explain how NetBackup handles and reports media problems.
Override the media and volume status.
Topic 2: Verifying Backup Images Verify backup images using both the GUI and the command-line interface.
Topic 3: Duplicating Backup Images
Create multiple copies of backup images.
Topic 4: Expiring Backup Images Expire backup images.
Topic 5: Importing Backup Images
Promote a backup copy to be the primary copy. Import backups that have expired or that were
created on another system.
Topic 6: Troubleshooting Media-Related Issues
Troubleshoot media-related issues.
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Topic 1: Understanding Media
After completing this topic, you will be able to: Describe how NetBackup selects
which media to use. Explain how NetBackup handles
and reports media problems. Override the media and volume
status.
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Media States
Media State Reason for the State
Available The tape is currently unassigned.
Active Current, unexpired images
Full Capacity reached
Suspended Exceeded max mounts, exceeded expiration date, or media/hardware errors
Frozen Non-NetBackup data format, NetBackup catalog format, or more than three errors in 12 hours using the same tape
Imported Contains active imported images
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How NetBackup Selects Volumes
Search the EMM database for a volume
from that pool.
Volume found?
Start a backup to a specified pool.
Load the media and perform the backup.
Yes
No
Yes
No
Is a volume
in the scratch pool available?
Assign a scratch tape to the required
volume pool.
Backup fails, error 96
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Determining Media and Volume Status
Use the available_media script. Available media
Use the Media interface. Use NetBackup Management
Reports.
The NetBackup Administration Console
Use the bpadm command utility (UNIX only).
The text-menu interface
Use media commands: bpmedialist, bpimmedia, bperror, bpimagelist, nbemmcmd, and vmquery.
The command line
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The available_media Script (UNIX)
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Assigned and Unassigned Media (UNIX)
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Media Reports (UNIX)
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The Media Summary Report (UNIX)
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bpadm (UNIX Only)
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The available_media Script (Windows)
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Assigned and Unassigned Media (Windows)
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Media Reports (Windows)
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The Media Summary Report (Windows)
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Overriding Media State
Media State How to Override the State
Full bpexpdate –m media_id –d date
Suspended bpmedia –m media_id –unsuspend
Frozen bpmedia –m media_id –unfreeze Check the Allow media overwrite
parameter in the Media host properties. bplabel –m media_id ActionsLong/Quick Erase
Imported bpexpdate –m media_id –d date
Active bpexpdate –m media_id –d date
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Topic 2: Verifying Backup Images
After completing this topic, you will be able to verify backup images using both the GUI and the command-line interface.
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Backup Image ReviewAn image is a collection of all backup data from a client into a
single stream during a particular backup session written to tape, optical disk, or disk.
data stream
Client’sBackup
Data
GNU tar image
written to media
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The NetBackup Verification Process
Do you lie awake at night wondering if you can read your backups?
Backup header contents Compared to Metadata
recorded in the Image catalog
Read each block in the media image
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The Images on Media Report (UNIX)
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The bpimmedia -spangroups Command (UNIX)
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The Catalog Utility (UNIX)
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Verifying Backup Images Using the GUI (UNIX)
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Confirming the Verify Results (UNIX)
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The Images on Media Report (Windows)
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The bpimmedia -spangroups Command (Windows)
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The Catalog Utility (Windows)
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Verifying Backup Images Using the GUI (Windows)
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Confirming the Verify Results (Windows)
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Topic 3: Duplicating Backup Images
After completing this topic, you will be able to create multiple copies of backup images.
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What You Can Do with Duplication
Duplication is not possible:– While the backup is being
created
– When the backup has expired
– By using NetBackup to schedule duplications automatically (except by using Vault)
– For offline NetBackup catalogs
– Nonmultiplexed to multiplexed backups
It is possible to duplicate backups from:– One storage unit to another
– One media density to another
– One server to another
– Multiplex to nonmultiplex format
– Multiplex format; retain the multiplex format on the duplicate
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Setting Maximum Backup Copies Globally (UNIX) The number of copies is limited by the Maximum
backup copies global attribute.
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Duplicating Images Using the GUI (UNIX)
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Setting Duplication Variables (UNIX)
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Promoting a Copy to a Primary Copy (UNIX)
bpchangeprimary
bpduplicate –npc pcopy –backupid bid
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Setting Maximum Backup Copies Globally (Windows) The number of copies is limited by the
Maximum backup copies global attribute.
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Duplicating Images Using the GUI (Windows)
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Setting Duplication Variables (Windows)
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Promoting a Copy to a Primary Copy (Windows)
bpchangeprimary
bpduplicate –npc pcopy –backupid bid
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Topic 4: Expiring Backup Images
After completing this topic, you will be able to expire backup images.
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Volume Expiration vs. Image Retention
Media Manager function How long you want to use the media
Volume expiration
NetBackup function How long the image is available for
restoresImage retention
The image retention period is shorter than volume expiration (generally).
A volume is automatically recycled many times during its lifetime.
Volume expiration vs. image retention
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Volume Expiration (UNIX)
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Expiring a Backup Image (UNIX)
bpexpdate
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Volume Expiration (Windows)
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Expiring a Backup Image (Windows)
bpexpdate
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Topic 5: Importing Backup Images
After completing this topic, you will be able to: Promote a backup copy to be the
primary copy. Import backups that have expired
or that were created on another system.
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Importing Images
NBU can importbackups that: Have expired Were written by
another NBU server Were written by BE
7.0 through 9.1
What can be imported?
Two-phase process: Phase I: Generate a
list of images. Phase II: Import
selected images.
How to import images?
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Phase I: Initiating the Import (UNIX)
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Generating a List of Images (UNIX)
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Phase II: Searching for Imported Images (UNIX)
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Importing the Selected Image (UNIX)
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Confirming the Import Results (UNIX)
bpimport
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Phase I: Initiating the Import (Windows)
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Generating a List of Images (Windows)
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Phase II: Searching for Imported Images (Windows)
bpimport1
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Importing the Selected Image (Windows)
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Confirming the Import Results (Windows)
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Topic 6: Troubleshooting Media-Related Issues
After completing this topic, you will be able to troubleshoot media-related issues.
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Logical Media Problems
Use status codes, the Media Logs report, and the bptm log file.
Isolate media problems
Suspended, frozen, and full volumesCommon media problems
NBU code 84: Media write error MM code 94: Volume is not in the
specified pool NBU code 96: Unable to allocate
new media
Common media-related status codes
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Physical Media Problems
Unreadable bar code labels Stretched, jammed, or broken tapes Erasure from exposure to strong
electrical fields
Common physical problems
Data center fire Flood Other disaster
Destruction of media
Make a physical copy of every volume.
Preventing physical problems
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What Did You Learn?
You are about to be asked a series of questions related to the current lesson.
Read and try to answer each question.
Click “Answer” at the bottom of the slide to view the correct answer.
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When Media Manager receives a backup request, it searches its ______ for an available volume from that volume pool.
A. NOM database
B. EMM database
C. Volume pool database
D. Catalog database
Answer
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When Media Manager receives a backup request, it searches its ______ for an available volume from that volume pool.
A. NOM database
B. EMM database
C. Volume pool database
D. Catalog database
The correct answer is B.
Next >>
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A _______ media state is set when end of media (EOM) is encountered during a backup or archive.
A. Active
B. Expired
C. Full
D. Unavailable
Answer
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The correct answer is C.
Next >>
A _______ media state is set when end of media (EOM) is encountered during a backup or archive.
A. Active
B. Expired
C. Full
D. Unavailable
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If a volume is suspended, the reason is logged in the ______report.
A. Problems
B. Images on Media
C. Media Summary
D. Errors
Answer
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If a volume is suspended, the reason is logged in the ______report.
A. Problems
B. Images on Media
C. Media Summary
D. Errors
The correct answer is A.
Next >>
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Which media state indicates that no active backup images are currently associated with this tape?
A. Active
B. Available
C. Full
D. Suspended
Answer
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The correct answer is B.
Next >>
Which media state indicates that no active backup images are currently associated with this tape?
A. Active
B. Available
C. Full
D. Suspended
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Information about each image (metadata) is stored in the EMM database on the master server.
A. True
B. False
Answer
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Information about each image (metadata) is stored in the EMM database on the master server.
A. True
B. False
The correct answer is B.
Next >>
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NetBackup can duplicate backups _______________.
A. For offline NetBackup catalogs
B. While the backup is being created
C. From one storage unit to another
D. When the backup has expired
Answer
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The correct answer is C.
Next >>
NetBackup can duplicate backups _______________.
A. For offline NetBackup catalogs
B. While the backup is being created
C. From one storage unit to another
D. When the backup has expired
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Volume expiration and image expiration are the same.
A. True
B. False
Answer
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Volume expiration and image expiration are the same.
A. True
B. False
The correct answer is B.
Next >>
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Which report is used to find media errors or messages that are recorded in the NetBackup error catalog?
A. Images-on-Media
B. Media Written
C. Media Contents
D. All Log Entries
Answer
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The correct answer is D.
Next >>
Which report is used to find media errors or messages that are recorded in the NetBackup error catalog?
A. Images-on-Media
B. Media Written
C. Media Contents
D. All Log Entries
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Use the _______ command to expire a backup image.
A. bpexpdate
B. vmexpdate
C. vmexpire
D. bpexpire
Answer
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Use the _______ command to expire a backup image.
A. bpexpdate
B. vmexpdate
C. vmexpire
D. bpexpire
The correct answer is A.
Next >>
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Lesson Summary Key Points
– You now know how NetBackup works with media.– You also know how to monitor, manage, troubleshoot,
and control media within your backup environment. Reference Materials
– NetBackup 6.x System Administrator's Guide, Volume I and NetBackup 6.x System Administrator's Guide, Volume II
– NetBackup 6.x Media Manager System Administrator’s Guide
– NetBackup 6.x Commands– NetBackup 6.x Troubleshooting Guide– http://support.veritas.com
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End of Presentation