• 11/7 Focus:11/7 Focus:–Mountains and valleys served as natural

barriers to the Greeks. Geographic factors made it difficult for Greek people to unite with each other which led to the development of city-states.

• Important Terms:Important Terms:– Peninsula, irregular coastline Peninsula, irregular coastline

• Do Now:Do Now: –How does mountainous terrain act as a

barrier?

Ancient Greece

Geography

LocationLocation• Southeastern Southeastern

EuropeEurope• The Greek The Greek

civilization civilization developed on:developed on:– Greek MainlandGreek Mainland– Aegean IslandsAegean Islands– Western coast Western coast

of Anatolia of Anatolia (Turkey)(Turkey)

IslandsIslands• Many islands Many islands

in the Ionian in the Ionian Sea and Sea and Aegean SeaAegean Sea– Approx. Approx.

1,4001,400– could sail could sail

from Greece from Greece to Turkey to Turkey without without losing sight losing sight of landof land

Greek MainlandGreek Mainland

• Mountainous Mountainous peninsula peninsula – Surrounded Surrounded

by the:by the:• MediterraneaMediterranea

n Sean Sea• Aegean SeaAegean Sea• Ionian SeaIonian Sea

MainlandMainland• Mts. covered Mts. covered

about ¾ of about ¾ of ancient Greeceancient Greece– Divided the land Divided the land

into different into different regions regions

• Made it difficult Made it difficult to unite Greeceto unite Greece

• Travel overland Travel overland was difficultwas difficult

MainlandMainland

• Greek coastline Greek coastline had many had many natural harborsnatural harbors– Encouraged Encouraged

seafaring and seafaring and tradetrade

MainlandMainland

• Southern Southern Greece is dry Greece is dry and rockyand rocky– Limited Limited

rainfall rainfall – Thin top soilThin top soil

MainlandMainland

• Small fertile valleys Small fertile valleys separated by separated by mountains mountains – Good farm land was Good farm land was

limited limited – Limited food supply Limited food supply

could not sustain large could not sustain large populations populations • Diet based on grains, Diet based on grains,

olives, grapesolives, grapes

AnatoliaAnatolia

• Western TurkeyWestern Turkey• Had large fertile Had large fertile

river valleysriver valleys • Greeks called it Greeks called it

Ionia Ionia

Effects of GeographyEffects of Geography• Coastline and Seas led Coastline and Seas led

Greeks to become expert Greeks to become expert seafarers (sailors)seafarers (sailors)

• Mountainous terrain made it Mountainous terrain made it difficult to unify peopledifficult to unify people – Led to development of isolated Led to development of isolated

city-statescity-states

• A political unit that A political unit that includes a town or city includes a town or city and the surrounding and the surrounding farm landfarm land

• Polis Polis – Greek name for city-stateGreek name for city-state

• People were loyal to their cityPeople were loyal to their city

Effects of GeographyEffects of Geography

• Lack of good Lack of good farm land and farm land and natural natural resources led resources led Greeks to trade Greeks to trade throughout the throughout the Mediterranean Mediterranean and establish and establish new colonies new colonies – Cultural Cultural

diffusiondiffusion

•

Points for Discussion Points for Discussion

• Why did the Greeks depend heavily on trade?

• Why was it hard for Greeks to unite?