109 use of fem in composites presentation 1
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Brief Description of the Finite Element Method (FEM)♦ The use of FEM at the concept design stage♦ Detailed design using FEM♦ Laminate Optimization - Cost reduction and reverse
engineering♦ Failure Analysis using FEM♦ Design Verification - Client review of design and 3rd
party inspection
![Page 2: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Comparison between theory and FEM predictions for the longitudinal stress resultant in a GRP road tanker subjected to uniform internal pressure
![Page 3: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Comparison between theory and FEM predictions for the circumferential stress resultant in a GRP road tanker subjected to uniform internal pressure
![Page 4: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ FEM model of the one half of the helicopter composite axle, with different materials assigned to each band
![Page 5: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ FEM plot showing the stress in the outer longitudinal layer as a result of the crash load case
![Page 6: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Variation of thickness along the length of the helicopter composite axle (centreline on the left)
HELICOPTER COMPOSITE AXLELOADCASE CRASH 9
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00
SPANWISE STATION (-Y)
TO
TA
L T
HIC
KN
ES
S
(NO
ME
X+C
AR
BO
N)
TOTAL THICK CARBON THICK NOMEX THICK
![Page 7: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Variation of the laminate construction along the length of a helicopter composite axle (centreline on the right)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140N
O O
F LA
YE
RS
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
MATERIAL TYPE (1=TIP)
HELICOPTER COMPOSITE AXLELOADCASE CRASH 9
0 +45 +90 -45
![Page 8: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Analysis of a carbon archery bow using FEM from the concept stage
![Page 9: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ FEM buckling analysis of a hollow carbon fibre windsurfer board used to determine initial laminate details
![Page 10: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ 3D rendered model of a 23m3 GRP underground storage tank (UST)
![Page 11: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ 3D rendered model showing a section through the wall of the GRP underground storage tank
![Page 12: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ A section through the GRP UST which is exported from the 3D CAD package and imported to the FEM program for mesh generation. The rib stiffener and overlay laminate are clearly visible
![Page 13: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Stresses in the corrosion barrier for a section of the GRP UST supported by a cross brace and GRP ring stiffener
![Page 14: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Stresses in the corrosion barrier for a section of the GRP UST supported by a GRP ring stiffener
![Page 15: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Stresses in the corrosion barrier for a section of the GRP UST supported by a Steel ring stiffener overlaid with GRP
![Page 16: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Stresses in the corrosion barrier for a section of the GRP UST consisting of a GRP shell section only (no ribs stiffeners or cross bracing)
![Page 17: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Detailed design using FEM for a carbon fibre business class seatback
![Page 18: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Detailed design of a carbon fibre wing for a supersonic aircraft at ultimate load using FEM
![Page 19: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ FEM analysis to predict the natural frequency of the first mode of vibration. This was determined to be at 46 Hz
![Page 20: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ FEM of a section of the conical bottom of a silo as calculated by BS 4994
![Page 21: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ FEM of a section of the conical bottom of a silo after optimisation
![Page 22: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ FEM of a section of the conical bottom of a silo with proposed circumferential and radial stiffeners
![Page 23: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Detailed design using FEM for a glass reinforced sandwich satellite TV antenna
![Page 24: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Top dome of an ice scraper vessel designed to BS 4994 optimised by FEM to carry the torsion loads
![Page 25: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Shell of an ice scraper vessel designed to BS 4994 optimised by FEM to carry the torsion loads
![Page 26: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ 3D rendering of the yacht which was analysed
![Page 27: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ 3D solid model of the keel, keel support, keel bolts and hull
![Page 28: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ The effect that the specified grounding load has on the fibres along the axis of the keel
![Page 29: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ The effect that the specified grounding load has on the keel support structure
![Page 30: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Buckling design verification of a silo designed for 250mm vacuum, 150 km/hr wind, full contents and a 8 ton vertical top load
![Page 31: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Design verification of a modification to a torpedo hull subjected to external pressure (buckling analysis)
![Page 32: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Model of an economy class carbon fibre seatback used to determine the regions responsible for seat structural failure
![Page 33: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Model of the corner of a flat bottomed pressure vessel. Each layer of material was given it’saxisymmetrical orthotropic properties
![Page 34: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Axisymmtrical FEM model of a section through a glass wrapped PVC pipe with a steel coupling. The steps in the pipe are there to transfer the axial load from the steel component to the composite
![Page 35: 109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052321/55619a4fd8b42a96778b5b1d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
♦ Finite Element Methods are a powerful tool♦ Enable today’s engineers to successfully design, build
and analyse composite structures ♦ Accurately predict the load distribution in the structure ♦ Determine the effect of stress concentrations ♦ Compensate by adding extra reinforcing material in
high stress regions♦ Can result in the design of highly optimised structures♦ Prove compliance with the customer requirements♦ Ensure products do not weigh or cost more than
necessary
CONCLUSION