1.02 structures skeletal system...the skeletal system 48 • what is the process of bone formation?...
TRANSCRIPT
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1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system
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1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system
What do you know?
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1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 3
• What is the process of bone formation?• What are the structures of the long
bones?• What are the structures of the skeletal
system?
1.02 Remember the structures
of the skeletal system
Essential Standards:
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Bone formation
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 4
Microscopic mature bone cells
Identify the osteocytes.
Osteo = boneCyte = cell
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Bone formation
� Ossification – new minerals deposit to form bone
� Discuss the process of ossification?
� How do we know ossification occurs?
� Example1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system 5
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Bone formation
� Ossification –
� Minerals replace previously formed cartilage.
� Infants bones are soft and pliable because of incomplete ossification.
� As bones ossify, they become hard.
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 6
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Bone formation
� How do we know ossification occurs?
� Long bones grow in length and ossify from the center to the ends.
� Give examples of ossification.
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 7
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Bone formation
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 8
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Bone formation
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 9
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Types of Bones
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 10
Discuss their possible function based on
appearance.
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Types of Bones
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 11
Long bones
• Found in the arms and legs
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Types of Bones
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 12
Flat bones
• Bones of the skull• Ribs
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Types of Bones
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 13
Irregular bones
• Spinal column
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Types of Bones
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 14
Short bones
• Wrist
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Structures of long bones
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 15
Identify structures
of the long
bones.
Compare spongy bone to compact
bone.
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Structure of the long bones
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 16
Compare structures of the long
bones.
Discuss the importance of having both types
of bone tissue.
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Axial Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 17
The axial skeleton is blue.
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Axial Skeleton
� Skull frontal view
� See Page 89
� Identify the structures of the frontal view of the skull.
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 18
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Axial Skeleton
� Skull lateral view
� Identify the structures of the lateral view of the skull.
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 19
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Axial Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 20
� Skull superior
view
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Axial Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 21
� Skull lateral
view
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Axial Skelton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 22
� Hyoid Bone
� What is unique about the hyoid bone?
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Axial Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 23
� Spinal column
� Identify the structures of the spinal vertebra.
Vertebral Structure
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Axial Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 24
� Spinal column
� Identify the vertebrae in the spinal column.
� (page 90)
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Axial Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 25
� Spinal column
� Identify the vertebrae in this x-ray.
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Appendicular Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 26
The appendicular skeleton is beige.
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Appendicular Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 27
� Shoulder girdle
� Identify the structures of the shoulder girdle and upper extremities.
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Appendicular Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 28
� Shoulder girdle
� Identify the structures of the shoulder girdle and upper extremities.
� See pages 90-91
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Appendicular Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 29
� Pelvic girdle� Identify the
structures of the pelvic girdle and lower extremities.
� See page 93
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Appendicular Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 30
� Identify the structures of the lower extremities.
� See pages 93-94
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Appendicular Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 31
� Pelvis
� Identify the structures of the pelvis.
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Appendicular Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 32
� Pelvic girdle
� Identify the structures of the pelvic girdle and lower extremities.
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Appendicular Skeleton
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 33
� Pelvic girdle
� Compare the male and female pelvis.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc.
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Joints:
Diarthroses
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 34
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Joints
� Diarthroses = moveable joints
� Three main parts: articular cartilage, a bursa (joint capsule), and synovial (joint) cavity
� Four types
� Ball and socket
� Hinge
� Pivot
� Gliding (page 96)
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 35
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Joints
� Ball and socket
� One bone has a ball at one end
� The other has a concave socket
� Allows for the greatest range of motion
� Ex: shoulder
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 36
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Joints:
Diarthroses
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 37
� Example of a ball and socket joint.
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Joints
� Hinge joint
� Move in one direction
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 38
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Joints:
Diarthroses
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 39
� Example of a hinge joint.
� Define uniaxial.
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Joints
� Pivot joints
� Bones that rotate across each other
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 40
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Joints:
Diarthroses
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 41
� Identify the pivot joints in this x-ray.
� Identify other pivot joints.
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Joints
� Gliding joint
� Bones with flat surfaces that slide across each other
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 42
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Joints
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 43
� Example of gliding joint
� Give examples not pictured here
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Joints
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 44
� Amphiarthroses
� Partially movable joints
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Joints
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 45
� Synarthroses
� Immovable joints
� Connected by fibrous connective tissue
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Bursa and
Synovial Membrane
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 46
� Bursa
� Fluid-filled sac that contains the synovial membrane
� Lined by synovial membrane
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1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 47
� Synovial membrane
� Capsule that encloses a joint
� Lines the bursa
� Contains synovial fluid
Bursa and
Synovial Membrane
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1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 48
• What is the process of bone formation?• What are the structures of the long bones?• What are the structures of the skeletal
system?
1.02 Remember the structures ofthe skeletal system
Essential Standards:
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1.02 Remember the structures of the
skeletal system
The EndThe EndThe EndThe End
1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system 49