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Correctional NursingCorrectional Nursing

Establishing a Specialty Practice

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ObjectivesObjectives

• Describe the advances made in establishing the specialty practice of correctional nursing

• List components necessary in the development of a nursing specialty certification

• Outline progress thus far in establishing a Correctional Nursing Specialty Certification

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Specialty Nursing PracticeSpecialty Nursing Practice

• Emerged in late 70’s and early 80’s

• Factors– Increasingly complex patient presentation– Technologically sophisticated work

environment

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Nursing CertificationNursing Certification

The formal recognition of the specialized knowledge, skills, and experience demonstrated by the achievement of standards identified by a nursing specialty to promote optimal health outcomes.

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Nursing CredentialingNursing Credentialing

• Licensure: • Restrictive: Governmental requirement for practice• Protects practice and title• To protect public from incompetent practitioners• Usually includes examination/assessment

• Certification:• Voluntary: Non-governmental; not required for practice• Recognizes individual’s advanced knowledge & skill• To inform public that certified individuals have certain

degree of knowledge & skill • Usually includes examination/assessment

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History of Correctional Nursing

History of Correctional Nursing

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Inmate Care before ReformInmate Care before Reform

• Absence of Care

• Care by other inmates

• Care by officers

• Un-trained staff

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Civil Rights MovementCivil Rights Movement

• Environment of Care

• Health Care Services

• Equal Care

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The Evolution of Correctional Nursing

The Evolution of Correctional Nursing

• Rena Murtha (1975)• Estelle vs. Gamble (1976)• American Medical Association• National Commission on Correctional Health Care• American Nurses Association• Certified Correctional Health Professionals• Academy of Correctional Health Professionals• Correctional Nursing Specialty Certification Exam

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Professionalism in PracticeProfessionalism in PracticeRecognition as a Nursing Specialty

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Why Another Examination?Why Another Examination?

• The scope of correctional nursing practice requires competence in the application of specific principles and a unique body of knowledge to the care of the inmate/patient

• Therefore, practicing correctional nurses should be afforded the opportunity to demonstrate competence in the field and receive the appropriate recognition

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CCHP-NCCHP-N

• Certified Correctional Health Professional – Nurse

• Registered Nurses who have demonstrated, through the practice of correctional nursing, a foundation of knowledge that can be validated through a recognized CCHP-N certification process

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CCHP-NEligibilityCCHP-NEligibility

• Current CCHP certification• Current, active RN license within a U.S. state or

territory or the professional, legally recognized equivalent in another country, not restricted to corrections only

• Equivalent of 2 years of full-time practice as a registered nurse

• At least 2,000 hours of practice in a correctional setting within the last 3 years

• 54 hours of continuing education in nursing – 18 hours specific to correctional healthcare within the last 3 years

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CCHP – NRecertification

CCHP – NRecertification

• Annual recertification

• No additional fees; annual $75 fee will include both basic and nursing certification

• CE requirements: 18 hours of nursing CE with 6 specific to correctional health care

• Attestation that RN license is still in good standing

• No retest required

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Why Become CCHP-N CertifiedWhy Become CCHP-N Certified

• Validation of Correctional Nursing Practice Knowledge

• Attainment of a Professional Standard

• Recognition of Expertise

• Enhanced Personal Satisfaction

• Personal Accomplishment

• Increased Job Satisfaction

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Creating the CCHP – N Certification Exam

Creating the CCHP – N Certification Exam

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Certification ExaminationCharacteristics

Certification ExaminationCharacteristics

• Appropriate: related to competencies required for performance on the job or in the profession

• Fair: provide opportunity for success; lack of success means deficit in competence

• Accurate: valid (measure what it is supposed to measure) and reliable (measure it consistently)

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Components of Certification Exam Development

Components of Certification Exam Development

• Test Content Outline Development– Task Statement Development

• Job Analysis Survey Instrument• Survey Administration and Analysis

– Validation of Test Content Outline• Refine the Test Content Outline• Determine Percentage Distribution of Questions across

Content Outline• Identify Pre-requisites/Qualifications of Examinees• Determine Re-certification Requirements• Finalize Examination Format

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Certification Exam Development Team

Certification Exam Development Team

• Psychometrician Nurse Consultant • Correctional Nurse Focus Group

– CCHP certified– Many years correctional nursing experience– Representing all practice settings

• Juvenile• Jails• Prisons• County, State, Federal

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Test Content OutlineTest Content Outline

• Extent and organization of exam content– facilitates candidate prep– Guides item writing

• Based on job requirements• Consists of KSAs delineated by job analysis• Weighting of content areas delineated by job

analysis

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Job Analysis (Practice Analysis)Job Analysis (Practice Analysis)

• Supports the content validity/job relatedness of a certification exam

• Links exam content to the job

• Ensures accurate delineation of work, tasks, and/or knowledge, skills, abilities (KSAs) required to perform the job

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Job Analysis ProcessJob Analysis Process

• Panel of subject matter experts (SMEs) specify a content outline and relevant job KSAs through a series of discussion, review, and approval meetings/conference calls

• Approved KSAs assembled into a survey format

• Job incumbents complete the survey by rating the frequency and priority of each KSA

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Job AnalysisSources of Job Information/Tasks

Job AnalysisSources of Job Information/Tasks

• Subject Matter Experts (SMEs)• NCCHC standards• ANA standards• Correctional health care policies and

procedures• Correctional health care publications

(journals, books, on-line sources)• Correctional nurse job descriptions• Existing specialty nurse task lists

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Job Analysis: Phase I Delineation of Job

Job Analysis: Phase I Delineation of Job

• Objective catalogue of job descriptors or tasks– Identifies things done on the job and abilities required

to complete tasks successfully• Statement defines only a single work task• Each task distinguishable from all others

• Subject Matter Experts (SMEs):– Define major job performance domains/categories &

initial delineation of tasks and KSAs– Review and refine performance dimensions, tasks,

KSAs

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Job Analysis: Phase IIValidation Study

Job Analysis: Phase IIValidation Study

• Preparing task inventory• Developing the sample• Pilot-testing the task inventory• Surveying job incumbents• Collecting data• Analyzing data and determining

weights for content outline areas

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Job Analysis: Example SurveyJob Analysis: Example Survey

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Remaining Certification Exam Development Components

Remaining Certification Exam Development Components

• Test Content Outline Development– Task Statement Development

• Job Analysis Survey Instrument• Survey Administration and Analysis

– Validation of Test Content Outline• Refine the Test Content Outline• Determine Percentage Distribution of Questions across

Content Outline• Identify Pre-requisites/Qualifications of Examinees• Determine Re-certification Requirements• Finalize Examination Format

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The Future of Correctional Nursing

The Future of Correctional Nursing

Evidenced Based Care

Research

Integration of Standards Specific to Nursing Practice with NCCHC Standards

Council on Correctional Nursing

Centers of Excellence

Leadership

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Nursing ResearchNursing Research

• The impact of nursing care delivery on patient outcomes

• Measure care provided by nurses and the cost of care

• Nursing care in terms of legal litigation• Role of nursing in promoting continuity of care• The nurse’s role in managing chronic disease• Levels of nursing practice in correctional settings• The benefit of nursing leadership to care delivery

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Integration of Nursing StandardsIntegration of Nursing Standards

• National Commission on Correctional Health Care

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Centers of ExcellenceCenters of Excellence

Nationally Recognized

Correctional Health Facilities

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Council on Correctional NursingCouncil on Correctional Nursing

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For more on the specialty practice of Correctional Nursing be sure to attend the following session

The ANA Scope and Standard of Practice for Correctional Nursing

2:30pm - 4:00pm Today

This Room

Thank You!Thank You!