10.2 celldivision prokaryotes: just separate into two eukaryotes: two stages mitosis division of...
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10.2 CellDivision
Prokaryotes: just separate into twoEukaryotes: Two stages
mitosis division of nucleuscytokinesis dividing cytoplasm in two
Chromosomes: Only visible during cell divisionAt other times chromatinAt cell division, chromosomes have been duplicated, and so are seen as two sister chromatids
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Chromosomes• Only visible during cell division•At cell division, chromosomes have been duplicated and are seen as two sister chromatids•joined at centromere
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Chromosomes:DNA twisted together with proteinshistonesThen twisted again and
again into chromatids
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Cell CycleInterphase: time between divisions
cell growthduplication of genetic
materialMitosis: nucleus and chromosomes divideCytokinesis: cytoplasm divides
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Cell Cycle
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Cell CycleInterphase: time between divisions
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Cell CycleProphase: Chromatin organizes into chromosomes.Nuclear membrane breaks up
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Cell CycleMetaphase: Chromosomes line up along cell equator
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Cell CycleAnaphase: Chromosomes separate toward opposite poles
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Cell CycleTelophase: Nuclear membrane reformes. Cytokinesis begins.
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Cell Division: Mitosis
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Cell Division: Mitosis
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10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
A. Controls on Cell DivisionCells in a petri dish
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10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
A. Controls on Cell DivisionCells in a petri dish
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10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
A. Controls on Cell DivisionCells in a petri dish
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10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
A. Controls on Cell DivisionCells in a petri dish
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10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
A. Controls on Cell DivisionCells in a petri dish
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10.3 Regulating the Cell CycleB. Cell Cycle Regulators
CyclinsRegulate timing of cell cycle1. Internal Regulators•cell won’t enter mitosis until
chromosomes are replicated•cell won’t enter anaphase until
chromosomes are attached to the spindle
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10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle2. External Regulators
wound healingembryo development
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10.3 Regulating the Cell CycleC. Uncontrolled Cell GrowthCancer cells to not respond to usual regulatory signals, resulting in tumors.
Gene p53“Cancer is a disease of the cell cycle”