1

Technical paper submitted to Special Issue of Indian Foundry Journal, January 2010

10-year Survey of Computer Applications

in Indian Foundry Industry

Durgesh Joshi

Reader, Industrial and Production Engineering Department,

SGS Institute of Technology and Science Indore

Email: djoshi@sgsits.ac.in

Dr. B. Ravi

Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department,

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Email: b.ravi@iitb.ac.in

Abstract

A 10-year survey of computer applications in Indian foundry industry was conducted by

IIT Bombay starting in 2000 to understand the penetration of software technologies as

well as the benefits and concerns. The survey covered 216 organisations from all over

India (159 foundries and tool-makers, 30 OEM firms, and 27 consultants, researchers and

academicians). The foundries represented all major metals, processes and capacities. The

survey shows a rapid increase in the penetration of computer applications over the last ten

years. Today 100% of the foundries surveyed use Internet and 75% use CAD/CAM, with

reported benefits of customer satisfaction, faster development and cost reduction. In

contrast, only 25% of those surveyed use simulation (either in-house or out-sourced),

although over half of the participants reported the benefits of simulation in quality

assurance and yield improvement. On average, foundries using CAD/CAM and simulation

tools reported 30% faster casting development and 50% lower rejection rate, compared to

foundries that do not employ these technologies. Five years back, the main concern about

both CAD/CAM and simulation technology was cost, whereas today the concerns have

shifted to technical support and trained manpower availability. The survey provides many

such insights useful for technology strategy planning at foundry level, cluster level, and

national level.

Keywords: Casting, CAD/CAM, Simulation, Industry Survey.

2

1. Introduction

Information technology has changed the way cast parts are designed, manufactured and

delivered today (Ravi, 1999). A stream of new software products and services are enabling

continuous improvement in product quality and cost, while compressing the lead time for

development. These IT-based tools are also allowing early prediction and prevention of

potential manufacturing problems, by building-in quality and economy. Better and faster

collaboration, communication and coordination between OEM, tooling and manufacturing

engineers are resulting in a closer match between the original design and final product.

The software tools for metal casting domain can be broadly categorised into four groups,

with rising level of computational skills required for using the applications.

Web Applications: E-mail (with customers and suppliers), company website, design

or manufacturing data exchange, and web-based collaboration.

Manufacturing Planning: Materials requirement planning, production scheduling,

cost estimation, and quality control and management.

CAD/CAM: Solid modelling, computer-aided engineering (FEM) analysis, tooling

(pattern/mould/die) design, and CNC machine tool path planning.

Casting simulation: Simulation of mould filling and casting solidification after

methods design (feeder and gating system).

Today, a number of computer applications representing the above categories are available

to the foundry industry (Ravi, 2000). Some anecdotal information about individual

applications and specific case studies is also available (Ravi, 2008). There is however, no

quantitative data regarding the level of penetration of software technologies in Indian

foundry industry, as well as their perceived benefits and implementation concerns. To

cover this gap in knowledge, we took up an annual survey of computer applications in

Indian foundry industry, described in detail next.

2. Survey Methodology and Participants

The survey was conducted by administering a questionnaire to the participants of an

annual course on „Casting Design and Simulation‟ at IIT Bombay in September every year

3

starting 2000. The questionnaire was given at the end of the course, and the filled up forms

were collected on the spot.

The questionnaire included all major areas of computer applications. For each application,

the participants gave their feedback about the benefits and concerns. If an organisation did

not yet implement a computer application in a particular area, then the participant was

requested to provide the perceived benefits and concerns related to that application. The

list of benefits included cost reduction, higher yield, lower rejections, faster development,

and customer satisfaction. The list of concerns included initial cost, maintenance cost,

technical support, and trained manpower. The questionnaire also included details about the

organisation in terms of types of castings handled, manufacturing process, foundry

capacity, utilisation, casting development time, quality issues, etc.

The total number of organisations covered over the survey period (2000-2009) was 216

(table 1). This included 155 (72%) foundries, 4 (2%) tool-makers, 30 (14%) original

equipment manufacturers, 14 (6%) CAD/CAM consultants, and 13 (6%) researchers and

academicians (figure 1). The complete list of organisations, segregated year-wise, is given

in appendix.

The participating foundries were from all parts of India: 55% from West (Maharashtra,

Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan), 30% from South (Tamil Naidu, Andhra

Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala), 9% from North (Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, and Uttar-

Pradesh), and the remaining 6% from East (West Bengal, Orissa, Jharkhand, and

Chhattisgarh).

The OEM firms included manufacturers of automobiles, machine tools, motors &

generators, pumps & valves, heavy equipment, railways and defence equipment. The

group of consultants, researchers and teachers included participants assisting the foundry

sector in terms of consultancy, R&D and training. Most of the consultants were from

CAD/CAM service firms, some with special groups handling tool design and casting

simulation.

4

Table 1: Distribution of participating organizations

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 Total

Foundries &

Tool-makers 14 19 15 12 17 21 20 21 20 159

OEM Firms 0 0 3 4 7 5 1 4 6 30

Consultant,

Researcher,

Academic

1 1 3 2 6 4 4 4 2 27

Total 15 20 21 18 30 30 25 29 28 216

The participants from foundries represented all organizational levels: 41% from top

management (CEO, COO, Director, Partner, Proprietor, Vice President, Executive

Director, General Manager, Production Manager), 36% from middle management

(Manager, Dy. Manager, Asst. Manager, Project Leader, Senior Engineer), and 23% from

operations (Work Executive, Line supervisor, Foundry Engineer, Methoding Engineer,

Engineer, Trainee). Capacity-wise, about 32% foundries had less than 1000 tonnes/year

production, 33% had 1000-5000 tonnes/year, and 35% had over 5000 tonnes/year.

Foundries covered in the survey also represented a wide range of processes, cast metals

and application areas (table 2). The sum of percentage values for each of these can be

more than 100% as many foundries have more than one type of metal, process and

application areas. About 80% of the foundries were ISO9000/QS9000 certified.

5

Figure 1: Profile of participating organizations

Table 2: Profile of foundries covered in the survey

Casting Processes Cast Metals Applications

Sand Moulding 79 Grey Iron 58 Auto Components 60

Shell Moulding 26 Ductile Iron 37 Pumps & Valves 42

Pressure Die Casting 16 Stainless Steel 18 Motors & Generators 27

Gravity Die Casting 14 Carbon Steel 20 Machine Tools 25

Investment Casting 5 Aluminium 30 Farming & Mining 25

Centrifugal Casting 6 Copper 8 Railways 21

Full Mould 3 Zinc 8 Defence 14

Flaskless Moulding 2 Tin 5 Others 16

Magnesium 3

Others 7

4. Survey Results and Insights

The survey provided several valuable insights into the current status of Indian foundries as

well as the penetration and perceptions regarding computer applications. The average

capacity utilisation of all foundries surveyed was found to be 69%. The average lead time

for new casting development was 9 weeks, and the average rejection rate was 7.5%. High

capacity foundries reported better capacity utilization (74%), faster development time (7.5

6

weeks), and lower rejection rate (6.5%) compared to small size foundries (table 3). To

understand the effect of software tools, respondents were classified in two groups. The

first group comprised foundries that reported the use of CAD/CAM and simulation tools,

and the second group comprised the remaining foundries. The average lead time of the

first group was 7 weeks, compared to 10 weeks for the second group, indicating that use of

CAD/CAM and simulation can result in reducing the average casting development time by

30%. Similarly, foundries using CAD/CAM and simulation tools reported average

rejection rate of 4.1%, less than half of the rejection rate of 8.6% reported by the second

group.

Table 4 presents the growth of different types of computer applications in Indian

foundries. The same results are presented in graphical form in figure 2. The participants

reported a gradual increase in the use of Internet/collaboration, planning software, and

CAD/CAM in their organisations over the last ten years.

Table 3: Capacity utilisation, rejection rate and lead time

Foundry size Small Medium High Average

Capacity utilization (%)

62

(40)

71

(46)

74

(47) 69

(133)

Development time (weeks)

10

(32)

10

(38)

7.5

(43) 9

(113)

Rejection rate (%)

8.9

(16)

8.1

(20)

6.5

(24) 7.6

(60)

Figures inside brackets indicate number of foundries

Table 4: Penetration of computer applications in foundry industry

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 Total

Foundries 14 17 14 12 17 20 20 21 20 155

Web

Appls.

8

57%

10

59%

5

36%

8

67%

16

94%

20

100%

20

100%

21

100%

20

100%

128

83%

Planning 10

71%

7

41%

3

21%

3

25%

11

65%

12

60%

15

75%

17

81%

15

75%

93

60%

CAD /

CAM

7

50%

6

35%

5

36%

6

50%

12

71%

16

80%

15

75%

17

81%

15

75%

99

64%

Simulation 6

43%

2

12%

4

29%

2

17%

3

18%

4

20%

4

20%

5

24%

5

25%

35

23%

7

Ignoring the influence of overall industry trends (such as the dotcom boom in 1990s

leading to higher than usual investments in IT in 2000, and depression driven by poor

market in 2008 leading to reduced IT investments in 2009), all computer applications have

shown a continuously increasing penetration in Indian foundry industry. Internet

applications witnessed the fastest penetration to reach 100% by 2005 and continued to be

at that level since then. Use of planning software doubled from 41% (in 2001) to 81% (in

2008). The use of CAD/CAM also rapidly increased from 35% (in 2001) to 81% (in

2008). The penetration of casting simulation software (including out-sourced services)

continues to remain low at less than 25%.

Figure 2: Growth of computer applications in foundry industry

To understand the reasons for the reported penetration levels of various computer

applications, especially CAD/CAM and simulation, the benefits and concerns reported by

the respondents were analysed (Table 5, Figures 3 and 4). The benefits of web applications

are felt equally in terms of faster development and customer satisfaction, by foundries

(46% each) as well as OEM firms (52% each). The benefits of planning are felt more in

cost reduction and customer satisfaction; here participants from OEM firms reported

higher benefits (55% and 60%) than those from foundries (45% and 40%).

8

Table 5: Benefits and concerns of computer applications in foundry

Group

(Number of

participants)

Computer

Application

Benefits Experienced

or Perceived

Concerns in

Implementation

Co

st

Red

uct

ion

Hig

her

Yie

ld

Lo

wer

Rej

ecti

on

Fas

ter

Dev

elo

pm

ent

Cu

stom

er

Sat

isfa

ctio

n

Init

ial

Co

st

Mai

nte

nan

ce

Tec

hn

ical

Su

pp

ort

Tra

ined

Man

po

wer

Foundries and

Tool-makers

(181)

Web Appls 27 13 13 46 46 23 18 18 23

Planning 45 17 20 24 40 17 13 22 21

CAD/CAM 40 23 28 62 51 25 17 34 36

Simulation 38 40 39 45 38 25 11 30 25

Original

Equipment

Manufacturers

(42)

Web Appls 26 24 33 52 52 24 29 38 40

Planning 55 21 17 17 60 17 14 12 14

CAD/CAM 57 31 38 71 50 50 24 43 43

Simulation 29 26 26 38 21 31 17 31 31

Consultants,

Researchers and

Teachers

(41)

Web Appls 20 15 15 29 24 17 24 22 17

Planning 12 12 7 15 15 12 7 20 10

CAD/CAM 34 24 29 51 41 29 17 24 34

Simulation 29 34 34 41 41 46 17 41 46

Overall average

(264)

Web Appls 26 15 17 44 44 22 21 22 25

Planning 41 17 17 21 39 16 12 20 18

CAD/CAM 42 25 30 62 49 30 18 34 37

Simulation 35 37 36 43 36 30 13 32 30

The benefits of CAD/CAM are experienced mainly in terms of shorter development time

(62% of foundries and 71% of OEMs reported this benefit). This is followed by customer

satisfaction (51% foundries and 50% OEM), and cost reduction (40% of foundries and

57% of OEMs). Simulation appears to help almost equally in cost reduction, higher yield,

and lower rejection; these benefits were more strongly perceived by foundries (38%-40%)

compared to OEM firms (26%-29%). This shows that foundries are more keenly aware of

the benefits of casting simulation than OEM firms.

The above results can be analysed in another way. If cost reduction is the main goal, the

most preferred application is reported to be CAD/CAM (42%), followed by planning

(41%), simulation (25%), and web applications (25%). If higher yield is the main goal, the

preferred application is reported to be simulation (37%) followed by CAD/CAM (25%),

9

planning (17%), and web applications 15%. For lower rejection, the preferred application

is: simulation (36%) followed by CAD/CAM (30%), planning (17%), and web

applications (17%). For Faster development, the preferred application is CAD/CAM

(62%) followed by web applications (44%), simulation (43%), and planning (21%). For

customer satisfaction, the preferred application is CAD/CAM (49%) followed by web

applications (44%), planning (39%), and simulation (36%). This clearly proves the

importance of CAD/CAM and simulation in achieving quality and cost competitiveness.

The above results lead to the question: why is the penetration of casting simulation

software low in Indian foundries, although they are quite well aware of its benefits? The

answer lies in the reported concerns of simulation software. All categories of respondents:

foundries, tool makers, OEM firms, consultants and researchers reported three main

concerns regarding simulation software: initial cost (30%), availability of trained

manpower (30%) and technical support from software vendors (32%). The highest

concern about technical support indicates the importance of developing suitable training

programmes and local support systems. Although the penetration of CAD/CAM software

is higher than that for simulation software, respondents reported similar concerns here too.

Another interesting insight is that the OEM firms reported higher levels of all concerns,

indicating that they are using more sophisticated software and are more aware of the

problems involved.

The highest concerns for initial cost were expressed for simulation and CAD/CAM (both

30%), followed by web applications (22%) and planning (16%). This is in line with the

average cost of the respective applications: simulation programs are typically about ten

times the cost of CAD/CAM software, which in turn, are about ten times the cost of

planning software. The concern for technical support and trained manpower also showed a

similar trend from CAD/CAM and simulation software followed by web applications and

planning software.

10

Figure 3: Benefits perceived by various computer applications for foundries

Figure 4: Concerns in various computer applications for foundries

11

Figure 5: Reported benefits (top) and concerns (bottom) of CAD/CAM and simulation

The perceptions appear to have changed over the years. This is especially true for

participants from the foundry and tool-makers group, as shown in figure 5. Five years

back (in 2004), the major reported or perceived benefit of CAD/CAM and simulation was

faster development. By 2009, a more realistic picture, in line with widely accepted

benefits reported worldwide, has emerged: CAD/CAM and simulation also help in cost

reduction (55% and 48% of participants, respectively), higher yield (42% and 39%), and

lower rejections (42% and 36%). The latest figures (in 2009) indicate that the highest

concerns are technical support and trained manpower (45% of participants for either

concern) for CAD/CAM as well as simulation software, followed by maintenance cost

(39% of participants) for CAD/CAM, and initial cost (36% of participants) for simulation

software.

5. Conclusion

The major findings of the 10-year survey of computer applications in Indian foundry

industry are summarised here.

12

1. The participating foundries reported an average 69% capacity utilization with casting

development lead time of 9 weeks and rejection rate of 7.5%, in spite of 80% of them

having a quality certification (ISO 9000/ QS 9000).

2. Smaller foundries reported a lower capacity utilisation (62%), longer development

time (10 weeks) and higher rejection rate (9%) compared to large foundries (74%

capacity utilisation, 7.5 weeks for casting development, and 6.5% rejection rate).

3. After a hesitant start in 2001-2002, Indian foundry industry has made rapid progress

in adopting various computer applications. Today 100% of foundries surveyed use

Internet, 75% use CAD/CAM and planning software, but only 25% use simulation.

4. The benefits of CAD/CAM are mainly felt in faster development and cost reduction;

simulation is more useful for quality assurance and yield improvement; and web

applications and planning software help in higher customer satisfaction.

5. Foundries using CAD/CAM and simulation have 30% lower lead time and 50% lower

rejection rate on average, compared to foundries that do not use these technologies.

6. While initial cost is a major concern hindering wider application of CAD/CAM and

simulation in foundries, it is overshadowed by even bigger concerns of technical

support by vendors, and availability of trained manpower. These two concerns have

shown an increasing trend over the last five years.

The above findings will be useful in formulating specific courses of action to assist Indian

foundries in faster and better adoption of software applications. For example, the concern

for high initial cost may be reduced by setting up CAD & simulation centres in foundry

clusters with common access by local foundries (Ravi, 2001). The problem of manpower

availability may be overcome by tying up with local colleges, and linking them with

reputed institutes through web-based distance education networks. To ensure local

technical support, perhaps the most important concern, retired foundry engineers may be

trained and retained as consultants by the software vendors. The survey also showed that

small foundries require greater assistance, since they have significantly lower capacity

utilisation, longer casting development time and higher rejection rate than large foundries.

This can be achieved by leveraging web-based systems (Ravi, 2006). These and other

novel ideas need to be explored and fine-tuned to ensure that all our foundries benefit and

excel in using computer-aided technologies for casting design, development, and delivery.

13

References

1. Ravi B., “Computer-aided Casting - Past, Present and Future,” 47th

Indian Foundry

Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Calcutta, 1999.

2. Ravi B., “CAD/CAM Revolution for Small and Medium Foundries,” 48th

Indian

Foundry Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Coimbatore, 2000.

3. B. Ravi, "Casting Simulation and Optimisation: Benefits, Bottlenecks, and Best

Practices," Indian Foundry Journal, 54(1), 47-52, 2008.

4. Ravi B., “Cooperative CAD/CAM centers,” Foundry, 2001.

5. Ravi B. and Datta, G. L., "Co-operative Virtual Foundry for Cost-Effective Casting

Simulation," 54th

Indian Foundry Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Pune,

2006.

14

Appendix: Participating Organisations

YEAR 2009

Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 A K Multimetals Pvt Ltd Gobindgarh 1 Aplantec Ltd, Mumbai 2 Arbaria Steels, Agra 2 Bajaj Auto Ltd, Pune 3 Argjay Alloys, Kolhapur 3 Cummins Turbo Technologies Ltd, Pune 4 Birla Accucast, Aurangabad 4 L&T CASE Pvt Ltd, Pithampur 5 Crescent Foundry, Calcutta 5 Mahindra and Mahindra, Mumbai 6 Galveno Castings, Bangalore 6 Volvo-Eicher Commercial Vehicles Ltd, Dhar

7 Gosain Foundry, Ludhiana

8 Grey Duct Foundry Services, Ambala Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 9 Growell Industries, Vadodara 1 Medicaps Inst. of Tech. and Mgt. Indore 10 GWASF Quality Castings, Mangalore 2 SGSITS, Indore

11 Guindy Machine Tools, Hosur

12 Modern Machine Tools, Ludhiana

13 Precicast, Gurgoan

14 Shendhur Alloys, Coimbatore

15 Shimpubade Metals Pvt Ltd, Kolhapur

16 Shree Kedar Metal Foundries, Sangli

17 Super Craft Foundry, Jaisinghpur

18 Tyco Thermal Control, Mumbai

19 Unique Auto Assemblies, Icchalkaranji

20 Varinda Industrial Corporation, Ludhiana

YEAR 2008

Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 AKP Foundries, Belgaum 1 Mahindra & Mahindra,Nasik, Mumb 2 Alstom Projects India, Shahabad 2 Tata Autocomp Systems, Pune 3 Ashok Iron Works, Belgaum 3 Tata Motors, Pune 4 Atlas Copco (India),Nasik 4 V - Smart Thermotech, Pune

5 Bharat Heavy Electricals, Bhopal

6 Bhawani Industries, Ajnali Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 7 DCM Engineering Products, Ropar 1 AMPRI, Bhopal 8 DKTE's Textile & Engg. Inst.,Ichalkaranji 2 Jadavpur University, Kolkata 9 Endurance Technologies, Pune 3 SGSITS, Indore 10 Gabriel India Limited, Hosur 4 V.J.T.I., Mumbai

11 Integra Automation, Coimbatore

12 Kirloskar Brothers,Sangli

13 Menon and Menon,Kolhapur

14 Menon Pistons, Kolhapur

15 Shah Hitech, Jamshedpur

16 Shah Precicast, Sangli

17 Shanthala Spherocast, Shimoga

18 Shree Hans Alloys, Ahmedabad

19 Southern Auto Castings, Chennai

20 Sundaram Clayton, Chennai 21 Trimurti Engg Tools, Sangli

15

YEAR 2006

Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 Anant Enterprises, Pune 1 GE Healthcare, Bangalore

2 Ashok Leyland, Ennore

3 Bhagwati Spherocast, Ahmedabad Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 4 Cooper Foundry, Satara 1 Bureau of Indus. Consultancy & Res., Pune 5 GWASF Quality Castings, Mangalore 2 CADMAX Solution, Kolhapur 6 Himcast, Goa 3 Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune 7 Jash Engineering, Indore 4 NFTDC, Hyderabad

8 Leader Valves, Ram Nagar

9 L&T Foundry, Kansbahal

10 Mohan Electro Casting, Ghaziabad

11 Permanent Magnets,Mumbai

12 PTC Industries, Lukhnow

13 Sriram Foundry, Kolhapur

14 Tara Ultimo (Jewellery), Mumbai

15 Tata Metaliks, Kolkata

16 Tata Maval Foundry, Pune

17 Techno Rings, Shimoga

18 Texmaco, Kolkata

19 TVS Motors, Hosur

20 Universal Engg. & Electrical, Coimbatore

YEAR 2005

Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 Anant Enterprises, Pune 1 Air Control and Chemical Engg, Ahmedabad 2 AKP Foundries, Balgaum 2 Indian Navy, Mumbai 3 Alstom, Shahabad 3 John Deere India, Pune 4 Aurangabad Metal Products, Aurangabad 4 Mahindra & Mahindra, Mumbai 5 Ashok Iron Group, Belgaum 5 Philips India, Kolkata

6 Atlas Copco, Nashik

7 Bharadia Steel, Mumbai Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 8 Entek Corporation, Mumbai 1 DJS College of Engg, Mumbai 9 Fine Jewellery, Mumbai 2 Defense Research & Dev. Lab, Hyderabad 10 Foseco India, Pune 3 Govt. College of Engg, Karad 11 JP Foundries, Belgaum 4 Kolhapur Institute of Technology, Kolhapur

12 Kirloskar Brothers, Sangli

13 Menon and Menon, Kolhapur

14 Moderncast, Bangalore

15 Nelcast, Gudur

16 Progressive Engineering, Mumbai

17 Sai Founders and Engineers, Belgaum

18 Sriram Pistons, Ghaziabad

19 Supercastings, Thane

20 Technocraft Industries, Mumbai 21 Tulsi Foundries, Sangli.

16

YEAR 2004 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 Anant Enterprises, Pune 1 Bharat Electronics Ltd., Panchkula 2 Atlas Automotive Pvt. Ltd, Pune 2 Crompton Greaves Ltd., Mumbai 3 Bhillai Engineering Corporation Ltd., Bhillai 3 Eicher Motors Ltd., Pithampur 4 Crompton Greaves Ltd., Mumbai 4 Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Pune 5 Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., Dewas 5 Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. (FES), Mumbai 6 Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Pune 6 Tata Cummins Ltd., Jamshedpur 7 Laxmi Oil Pumps & Systems P.. Ltd., Solapur 7 Tata Holset Ltd., Pune

8 Mahalaxmi Auto Industries, Jamshedpur

9 Mahindra & Mahindra (Auto.) Ltd., Mumbai Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 10 Mutha Founders Pvt. Ltd., Satara 1 AFTC, Bangalore 11 Pooja Engineers, Ahmedabad 2 Controllorate of Quality Assurance, Chennai 12 Prevail Casting Pvt. Ltd., Rajkot 3 Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 13 Shanthala Spherocast Pvt. Ltd., Shimoga 4 NIFFT, Ranchi 14 Shreeram Engineers, Mumbai 5 Tata Technologies Ltd., Pune 15 Silicon Meadows Pvt Ltd., Pune 6 YMCA Institute of Engineering, Faridabad

16 Swastik Casting Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur

17 Synergies Dooray Automotive Ltd., Vizag YEAR 2003 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 India Pistons Ltd., Chennai 1 GE BE Private Ltd., Bangalore

2 Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., Sangli 2 GE Medical Systems (India), Bangalore

3 Marshall Castings Ltd., Faridabad 3 Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. (Tractor), Mumbai

4 Pee Cee Castings Pvt. Ltd., Faridabad 4 Uni Klinger Ltd., Ahmednagar

5 Porwal Auto Components Ltd., Pithampur

6 Praga Die Casting & Metal Ind., Mumbai Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 7 Raneka Industries Ltd., Indore 1 E-Mug Technologies Pvt.Ltd., Hyderabad

8 Rapsri Engg. Ind. Ltd., Bangalore 2 Institue of Indian Foundrymen, Hyderabad

9 Sahayog Founders & Engineers, Pune

10 Sansu Automotives Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore

11 Sri Bhavani Castings Ltd., Kakinada

12 Swastik Metal Castings, Alwar YEAR 2002 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 Chougule Industry, Kolhapur 1 Aqua Machineries, Pvt Ltd., Ahmedabad

2 Dr. Dinesh & Ramesh Eng. P Ltd, Ahmedabad 2 General Motors India, Halol

3 DRDL, Hyderabad 3 Virgo Engineers Ltd., Pune

4 Entek Corporation, Mumbai

5 Ghatge Patil Industries, Kolhapur Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 6 HAL, Foundry and Forge Division, Bangalore 1 Onward Technologies Ltd., Pune

7 Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Solapur 2 Satyam Computer Services, Secunderabad

8 Magna Electro Castings Ltd., Coimbatore 3 Tata Technologies Ltd., Pune

9 Mahle Migma Ltd., Indore

10 New United Metal & Engg. Work, Mumbai

17

11 Pranjape Autocast Pvt. Ltd., Satara

12 RBD Engineers, Gandhinagar

13 Satish Pattern work, Mumbai

14 Shakti Auto Component Ltd., Erode

15 Sundaram Clayton Ltd., Chennai

YEAR 2001

Foundries and Tool-makers Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 1 Ambica Enterprise, Vadodara 1 Foundry Magazine, Ahemdabad

2 Anurang Engineering Co. Pvt. Ltd., Pune

3 Business Combine Ltd., Nasik

4 Bajaj Electricals Ltd., Aurangabad

5 Birla Perucchini Ltd., Aurangabad

6 Fluid controls, Baroda

7 Ichalkaranji Mettalloy, Ichalkaranji

8 Indo German Tool Room, Aurangabad

9 ISGEC, Yamunanagar

10 Jay Metal Tech., Surat

11 Laxmi Pattern Works, V.V. Nagar

12 Mutha Founders Pvt. Ltd, Satara

13 Nodule cast, Vadodara

14 Prakash Foundries, Vadodara

15 Rajdeep Engineers, Baroda

16 Sanjay Founders Pvt. Ltd., Ichalkaranji

17 Shakti Foundry, Baroda

18 Simplex Casting Ltd., Raipur

19 Southern Auto Casting Pvt. Ltd., Chennai

YEAR 2000

Foundries and Tool-makers Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 1 Aquasub Engineering, Coimbatore 1 Small Industries Service Inst., Coimbatore

2 Autokast Ltd, Alappuzha

3 Autoshell Casts Pvt. Ltd., Coimbatore

4 DMRL, Hyderabad

5 Escorts Mahle Ltd., Bangalore

6 FIE Spherotech, Ichalkaranji

7 Flow link Systems Pvt. Ltd., Coimbatore

8 Gas Turbine Research Estt., Bangalore

9 HAL Foundry & Forge Div., Bangalore

10 Laxmi Automatic Loam Work P. Ltd. Hosur

11 Laxmi Machine Works Ltd., Coimbatore

12 Sage Electrical, Pune

13 Simplex Casting Ltd, Bhillai

14 Texmo Precision Castings, Coimbatore

18