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10 Reasons GNSS TollingIs Better Than Microwave

Preet Khalsa, Chief Technical OfficerBern Grush, Chief Scientist

10th Slovenian Road and Transportation CongressPorteroz, Slovenia, 21-23 October 2010

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GNSS Tolling More flexible More extensible Lower transaction cost Less environmental impact Greater fairness Greater privacy Greater revenue potential Evolutionary introduction Traffic management Interoperable Fuel tax replacement

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1 More flexible

Policy and Control Any imaginable policy Pricing rules

any time any distance any place any cordon any segment any vehicle type

Manage exceptions Avoid rat running Supply-demand rules prevail

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GNSS road pricing system is FLEXIBLE…

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2 More extensible

Infrastructure Free Buildout

Every new kilometer or square kilometer of GNSS extension is just a database change

Every new kilometer of microwave extension cost the same as the first kilometer

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A GNSS road pricing system is Extensible…

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3 Lower transaction cost Infrastructure-free means incremental cost per

transaction falls faster as system expand to fill a region/country

RUC transaction costs fall even faster as GNSS OBUs handle many more applications

Microwave suffers from diminishing returns as a network extends past limited access roads

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4 Less environmental impact

No gantries

No guard rails

No power

No barriers to avoid

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5 Greater fairness

Charges are fairer Smoother distribution of charges Vary by demand Scaled to time of use, weight, emissions class

“Paying proportional to use is fairer than relyingon accidents of geography or route.”

- From Overcoming Global Gridlock

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6 GREATER PRIVACY

Only GNSS can be 100% private Microwave records time at location

Cameras record time at location

Paying for gas tax with credit card records time at location

Smart GNSS clients offer full location anonymity and personal audit

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Smart Meter Privacy Spectrum

It is possible set any level of privacy requested by customers

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7 Greater Revenue Potential Net revenue increases as new toll lanes added Sat-nav signals are non-proprietary and free,

increasing OBU pricing competition More applications: parking, insurance, safety,

traveler services, etc more revenue

Lower operating costs Little or no roadside infrastructure Increased competition

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8 Evolutionary Introduction

100% in-car infrastructure means

Start small & build (extensible)

Voluntary programming

Programs to fit purposes

Changeable/adaptable (flexible)

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9 Traffic Management

Wide-area, traffic volume data:

Aggregated and anonymized

Managing traffic signals

Congestion-based navigation

Planning

Routing

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10 Interoperable

Non-proprietary signals Anyone can operate anywhere

ISO Standards Financial data exchanged at back-office

Infrastructure-free GNSS system can overlay (geo-fence)

microwave system Let microwave stay for now

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11 Fuel Tax Replacement

Fuel Tax replacement is fair only if you can charge anywhere

For the best traffic management system since the round-about… Design FIRST for transport demand

management Design SECOND for traffic control Design THIRD for tax collection

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10 Reasons GNSS TollingIs Better Than Microwave

THANK YOU

10th Slovenian Road and Transportation CongressPorteroz, Slovenia, 21-23 October 2010

More FlexibleMore ExtensibleLower transaction costLess environmental impactGreater FairnessGreater PrivacyGreater Revenue potentialEvolutionary IntroductionTraffic managementInteroperableFuel tax replacement