1- umts_overview eğitimi
TRANSCRIPT
UMTS OVERVIEW9.11.2007
Yüksel Yılmaz
Mobile Technology Evaluation
PDC
GSM
TDMA
CDMA OneCDMA20001x EV-DO
W-CDMA
EDGE
TD-SCDMA
CDMA20001x RTT
GPRS
CDMA20001x EV-DV
HSDPA
TD-CDMA
3G/UMTS5%
90%+9%
13%
73%
Video services( video call, video contents, Live TV,Streaming)
Location Base Services ( transportation and logistic, security, navigation)
Interactive servicesMusic (master tone, ringback , MP3 download )
M-business ( prepaid top-up, m-bilet, m-bahis )
Interactive games
Video,voice and data access at the same time
Fast Internet connection
Services and Applications
Mobile Broadband Comparation
Maksimum download data(MB)
HSDPA
Cable
EV-DO
DSL
W-CDMA
EDGE
GPRS
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Musicdownload
Java Game
200 Kbps
384 Kbps
1.5 Mbps
2.4 Mbps
3.0 Mbps
3.6 Mbps
80 Kbps
SMS Emailattachment
Email InternetAccess
Video download
We arehere
4sn
40sn
80sn
200sn
3GPP Evaluation
• HSDPA
• Enh UL• HSDPA
Ph2
• MBMS• Enh UL
Ph2
• 3G LTE
2004-5 2006
R99
2007 2008-9
Mobile Technologies
TURKCELL TURKCELL
UMTS APPLICATIONFIELD
UMTS APPLICATIONFIELD
3G COVERS 2G
2G2G3G
Technology
Network
Service
Operator Evaluation period
UMTS WCDMA
3G3G
TURKCELL TURKCELL
UMTS NETWORK
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UMTSMAIN NETWORK
UMTSMAIN NETWORK
Standart interface
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UMTS NETWORK WITH GSMUMTS NETWORK WITH GSM
CO-EXİSTANCE GSM&UMTS NODES
CO-EXİSTANCE GSM&UMTS NODES
TURKCELL TURKCELL
UMTSPHASE1 NETWORK
UMTSPHASE1 NETWORK
Main Change
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UTRANUTRAN
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SOFTER HANDOVER SOFT HANDOVER
LOGICAL RNC TYPESLOGICAL RNC TYPES
Macro Cell•Large coverage (->GSM)•High mobility•Max 384/144 kbps•Range > several 1km
Micro Cell•Hot spot coverage•Low/medium mobility•Max 2048/384 kbps•Range > several 100m
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UMTS CELLCONCEPTUMTS CELLCONCEPT
Pico Cell•High Indoor Low outdoor coverage•Low mobility (<10km/h)•Max 2048 kbps•Range > several 10m
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UMTS CONCEPT
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DEMANDS ON UMTSDEMANDS ON UMTSLOW COST
COMMUNICATION
UMTS
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EXAMPLE OF UMTSSERVİCES
EXAMPLE OF UMTSSERVİCES
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UMTS SERVİCES AND DATA RATE
UMTS SERVİCES AND DATA RATE
UMTS offers flexible anddynamic bit rat
8 – 2000 kbps
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UMTS CONCEPT (ZONE)
UMTS CONCEPT (ZONE)
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UMTS SPECTRUMUMTS SPECTRUM
UMTS UMTS
NEW LICANCE
RADIO ACCESS TECHNOLOGIES
HOW?
TURKCELL TURKCELL
RADIO ACCESS TYPESRADIO ACCESS TYPES
All user in same frequency
f1 f2 f3 f4
PBand Genişliği
f1 f2 f3 f4t1
t2t3
PBand Genişliği
f1 f2
kod1kod2kod3kod4kod5
kod1kod2kod3kod4kod5
Band Genişliği
kod x
t
P
t
P
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
RADIO ACCESS TECHNOLOGIES
WCDMA Frequecy Band in Europe
1900 202520101920 1980FDD- UL 21702110 FDD- DL
60MHz 60MHz20MHz 15MHz
1 Carrier = 5 MHz
60/5 = 12Total number of FDD carriers
Total number of TDD carriers (20+15)/5 = 7
TURKCELL TURKCELL
SPECTRUM REQUIREMENTSFOR OPERATORS
SPECTRUM REQUIREMENTSFOR OPERATORS
Macro cell Micro Cell
15 MHz
UMTS RADIO ACCESS NETWORK (UTRAN)WCDMA TECHNOLOGY
TURKCELL TURKCELL
FREQUENCY
TRANSMISSION TYPESTRANSMISSION TYPES
3,84MHz
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SPREADINGSPREADING
B
SF:SPREADINGFACTOR
GSM 200KHz
UMTS5MHz
B= 3,84MHZ DUE TO GUARD PERİOD
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WCDMA Cocktail PartyWCDMA Cocktail Party
HOW SPANISH PEOPLE LISTEN SPANISH MUSIC ?
CODE
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SPREADINGSPREADING
SF= ? 4
SF GAIN DEPENDS ON USER DATA RATE
WCDMA CODES
WHICH BTS ?WHICH MS ?WHICH DATA RATE?HOW MANY APPLICATIONS?
WHICH BTS ?WHICH MS ?WHICH DATA RATE?HOW MANY APPLICATIONS?
•PN (SCRAMBLING) CODE• -(LONG CODE)
•ORTHOGONAL CODE -Spreading-(SHORT CODE)
TURKCELL TURKCELL
PN CODESPN CODES
Uplink: PN Code used to distinguish each Mobile StationDownlink: PN Code used to distinguish each Base Station
PN3 PN4
PN1 PN1
Cell Site “1” transmits using PN code 1
PN5 PN6
PN2 PN2
Cell Site “2” transmits using PN code 2
TURKCELL TURKCELL
PN CODESPN CODES
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛=
Rate DataRate Code PN
Both signals combinedin the air interface
PN Code 1Frequency
Am
plit
ude
Signal 1
PN Code 2Frequency
Am
plit
ude
Signal 2
Spread SpectrumProcessing Gain
PN Code 1 Signal 1 is reconstructedSignal 2 looks like noise
Both signals arereceived together
AT THE RECEIVER...
Two Transmitters at the same frequency
TURKCELL TURKCELL
ORTHOGONAL CODESORTHOGONAL CODES
OC1, OC2OC3, OC4
OC5, OC6, OC7
OC1 , OC2, OC3OC1, OC2
OC1, OC2, OC3, OC4
Uplink: Orthogonal Codes used to distinguish data channelscoming from each Mobile Station
Downlink: Orthogonal Codes used to distinguish data channelsComing from each Base Station
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Chip Rate = 3.840 Mcps
480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s
1
11 10
1111 1100 1010 1001
11111111 11110000 11001100 11000011 10101010 10100101 10011001 10010110
User with 4x Bit Rate
= Unusable Code Space
480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s
1.92 Mb/s
Chip Rate = 3.840 Mcps1
11 10
1111 1100 1010 1001
11111111 11110000 11001100 11000011 10101010 10100101 10011001 10010110
ORTHOGONAL CODESORTHOGONAL CODES
(Walsh) Codes(Walsh) Codes
TURKCELL TURKCELL
• Cellular CDMA (IS-95, cdma2000, WCDMA)
– PN Codes are used:• To distinguish between Mobile Stations• To distinguish between Base Stations
– Orthogonal Codes are used:• To distinguish between data channels
coming from each MS• To distinguish between data channels
from each BS
PN Spreading Codes
and
Orthogonal Codes
are simultaneously utilized
Frequency
CodeDivision Multiple Access
SpreadSpectrumMultipleAccess
User 1
User 2
User 3
...
CODES SUMMARYCODES SUMMARY
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WCDMA ASPECTSWCDMA ASPECTS
POWER CONTROLPOWER CONTROLCELL BREATHINGCELL BREATHING
RAKE RECEIVERRAKE RECEIVER
HANDOVERHANDOVER
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POWER CONTROLPOWER CONTROL
WHY POWER CONTROL ?
Desired SignalThreshold
İnterferer
Signalp1 p2 p3
Increase CapacityIncrease Capacity
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RAKE RECEIVERRAKE RECEIVER
• CDMA Mobile Station RAKE Receiver Architecture– Each finger tracks a single multipath reflection
• Also be used to track other base station’s signal during soft handover– One finger used as a “Searcher” to identify other base stations
Finger #1
Finger #2
Finger #N
Searcher Finger
Combiner
Sum ofindividual multipath components
WCDMA Radio Access Services(RAB)
CS PS
12,2kbps
VOICE64/64kbps(UL/DL)
64/64kbps
(UL/DL)64/128kbps
(UL/DL)64/384kbps
(UL/DL)
5,7/14MbpsHSPA
Video Call
UE NodeB RNC CN
RAB
WCDMA BASIC PRINCIPAL
Spread signal by means of codes
12,2 KHZVoice service
CODE
3,84MhzBandwith of coded signal
code x
t
P
tP
Spreading Factor Gain-1
Rb
W=3,84MHz
SF= W/Rb
Unspread signal
Spread signal
Power density
Frequency
Background Noise
Spreading Factor Gain-2
Rb Change by serviceSF= W/Rb
W 3,84Mbit (fix)
User bit rate Kbit W=3840Kbit
SF SF gaindB
15 3840 256 24
30 3840 128 21
60 3840 64 18
120 3840 32 15
240 3840 16 12
480 3840 8 9
960 3840 4 6
1920 3840 2 3
3840 3840 1 0
ORTHOGONALDEĞİŞKEN KOD
Spreading Factor Gain-3
SF= ? 4
SF GAIN DEPEND ON USER DATA RATE
ORTHOGONAL VARIABLE SPREADING FACTOR (OVSF)
•SF Gain depend on OVSF codes.
Chip Rate = 3.840 Mcps
480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s
1
11 10
1111 1100 1010 1001
11111111
11110000
11001100
11000011
10101010
10100101
10011001
10010110
OVSF Code Tree
SF=8
SF=4
SF=2
SF=1
960 kb/s
1920 kb/s
User data
= Unusable Code Space
480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s 480 kb/s
1.92 Mb/s
Chip Rate = 3.840 Mcps1
11 10
1111 1100 1010 1001
11111111
11110000
11001100
11000011
10101010
10100101
10011001
10010110
ORTHOGONALITY
Orthoganality = 0 Orthoganality = 0,5 Orthoganality = 1Orthoganality = 0 Orthoganality = 0,5 Orthoganality = 1
Uplink Downlink
•UL scrambling codes has not got orthogonality
•DL scrambling codes has got orthogonality
Channelization codes are ‘Orthogonal’
CH1
(SF 128)
(1,1)
CH2 (SF 8)
(1,-1)
(1,-1)
Ch1 + CH 2
(1,-1)
CH1
(SF 128)
CH2 (SF 8)
Lost one chip= 1/128 symbols
Since codes are Orthogonal one channel cannot currupt both chips, regardless of
the power imbalance
*J
I
CHANNELISATION CODE
DPDCHCOMPLEX
SCRAMBLING CODE
I-Q CODE MULTIPLEXING WITH COMPLEX SCRAMBLING
I+JQ
Q
DPCCHG=1 control channelG=0.5 data channel
GCHANNELISATION CODE
SCRAMBLING CODES
USAGE•UL: Separation of Terminals
•DL: Separation of Cells
NUMBER OF CODES
•UL: Several Millions
•DL: 512
CODE FAMILY
•Long 10 ms Code: Gold Code
c4,1=(1,1,1,1)
CHANNELISATION CODE TREE
c2,1=(1,1)
c4,2=(1,1,-1,-1)
c1,1=(1)
SF=4 c4,3=(1,-1,1,-1)
c2,2=(1,-1)
SF=8 c4,4=(1,-1,-1,1)
SF=16
CHANNELIZATION CODESUSAGE
•UL: Separation of physıcal data and controlchannels from same terminal
DPDCHDPCCH
•DL: Separation of downlink connections todifferent users with in one cell
NUMBER OF CODES
•UL/DL: Spreading Factor 4 to 512
CODE FAMILY
•Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF)
SCRAMBLING CODE-1
Uplink
•Number of Scrambling code (224) (approximately 17 Millions.)
•UL scrambling codes are not orthogonal.
•UL scrambling codes given by RNC to MS
Downlink
•Number of DL primary Scrambling codes is 512
•DL scrambling codes are orthogonal
UL scrambling codes are used to distinquish each Mobile
DL scrambling codes are used to distinquish each sector
SCRAMBLING KOD-2CODE USING
Uplink : Distinquish Mobil Terminal.Downlink: Distinquish each cell.
PN3 PN4
PN5 PN6
PN1 PN1
NodeB Cell “1” PN code 1
PN2 PN2
NodeB cell “2” PN code 2
RADIO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT-1
CellCoverage
CellCapacity
ServiceQuality
Optimization
NodeB
RNC
RRM
RADIO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT-2
Admission ControlAdmission Control
PAKETSCHEDULING
LOADCONTROL
HANDOVERCONTROL
Powercontrol
RRM
RADIO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT-3
384128 64 FACH 64 128
384
Power or Load Limit
dB
Kbps
128384
HSDPA- Kullanıcı Terminal
Teorik olarak DL yönünde tepe veri hızı 14Mbps dır
Pazarda 1,8Mbps ve 3,6Mbps mevcuttur
HSDPA- Radyo Özellikleri-1
•Ortak Kanal Kullanımı
Dinamik olarak Kod ve Zaman bazında paylaşım
Sabit OVSFC (SF 16) kullanılır.
Kullanıcı terminal özelliğine bağlıolarak aynı anda 15 SF16 kullanılabilir.
•Kısa TTI aralığı
Her 2ms (TTI) de bir farklı kullanıcıya servis verilebilir.
HSDPA- RadyoHSDPA- Radyo Özellikleri-2
•Yüksek seviyede Modülasyon
16 QAM özelliği bulunmaktadır.
•Hızlı Link Adaptasyonu
Radyo kalitesine bağlı modülasyon seviyeleri veTipleri değiştirilir.
Yüksek Radyo kalitesi 16QAMDüşük Radyo kalitesi QPSK
HSDPA- Radyo Özellikleri-3
•Hızlı Re-transmisyon
Hatalı paketler için Soft birleştirme yapılır.
Re-transmisyon Node-B – Kullanıcı terminali arasında gerçekleşir.
RLC ack/nack
Re-transmisyon
PS Data
L1 ack/nack
Retransmission
PS Data
HSDPA- Radyo Özellikleri-4
•Hızlı Scheduling
Kullanıcıların elde ettiği ortalama hızlara göre ortak kanalın hangi kullanıcıveya kullanıcılara tahsis edilmesi gerektiği kontrol edilir.
Scheduling işlemi her TTI süresinde (2ms) yapılır.
SchedulingAlgoritmaları
Round-Robbin
Proportional Fair
Gecikmeye bağlı
Performansa bağlı
HSDPA Uygulama Metodları
R99+R5f1
f1
f2
f1 R99
R5
Aynı taşıyıcı kullanma
Farklı taşıyıcı kullanma
WCDMA
HSDPA
WC
DM
A
HSD
PA
HSDPA- Uygulama
HSDPA - ÖzetWCDMA- HSDPA GENEL KARŞILAŞTIRMA
WCDMA HSDPAOVSFC VAR YOK
HIZLI GÜÇ KONTROL VAR YOK
TTI SURESI 10ms 2ms
MAKSİMUM KULLANICI VERİ HIZI 384Kbps 14Mbps
DEĞİŞKEN MODÜLASYON YOK VAR
HIZLI RE-TRANSMISYON YOK VAR
SOFT HANDOVER VAR YOK
HIZLI SCHEDULING YOK VAR
HSDPA için 2nci taşıyıcı kullanılması durumunda, WCDMA’e göre DL yönünde yaklaşık 3 kat daha fazla hücre kapasitesi oluşmaktadır.
TURKCELL TURKCELL
UMTS CORE NETWORK
TURKCELL TURKCELL
1. Layered Network Architecture
2. Transport Network
3. UMTS R1 and R2
CORE NETWORK ARCHITECTURECORE NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
TURKCELL TURKCELL
Application
ApplicationService Capability Servers
Control
MSC SGSN HLR/AuC/FNR GMSC/Transit
SGW
ConnectivityMGW
MGWGGSN
Services/applicationlayer
Control
ServerServerServer
Servers
Servers
PSTN/ISDN
InternetIntranets
WCDMAEDGE
GSM
CN LAYERSCN LAYERS
TURKCELL TURKCELL
GMSCGMSC
HLRHLR
EIREIR
AUCAUC
SCFSCF
SMS-IWMSCSMS-
IWMSC
AN CNExternalNetworks
UE
MSCMSC
SMS-GMSCSMS-GMSC
MSCMSCBSCBTSSIMSIM MTMT A
ISDNPSTNPSPDNCSPDNPDN:-Intranet-Extranet-Internet
BSS
Iu
RNCBS
Iur
USIMUSIM MEME
RNCBSUSIMUSIM MEME
Iu
RNS
RNS
WCDMA RAN
Note:Not all interfaces shown and named
GGSNGGSN
SGSNSGSN
SGSNSGSN
Gb
UMTS/GSM Reference model
UMTS/GSM Reference model
TURKCELL TURKCELL
Control LayerProvides control for specific services, for example call control and session management. Network specific.
Connectivity LayerAll services will use the same transport network, which forms the connectivity layer. Here everything to do with the transport andmanipulation of user data is handled
Application LayerIn the final layer, the generic applications that may be used by all types of services are located. These could be, for example, IN applications.
Application
Application
Service CapabilityServers
Control
MSC
SGSN
HLR/AuC/FNR
GMSC/Transit
SGW
Connectivity
MGW MGW
GGSN
Services/applicationlayer
Control
Server
Server
Server
Servers
Servers
PSTN/
ISDNInternetIntranet
sWCDM
AEDGE
GSM
UMTS/GSM Reference model
UMTS/GSM Reference model
TURKCELL TURKCELL
WCDMA RAN
WCDMA RAN
MGW
Connectivity backbone(IP, ATM)
MSCServer
SGSNServer
SCP
Connectivity
Control
Services/Applications
HLR
Appl Servers
MGWGGSN
InternetIntranets
MGWPSTN/ISDN/
PLMN
TelephonyServer H.323
SCS
MGW
SIP
CN NETWORK VISIONCN NETWORK VISION
TURKCELL TURKCELL
UMTS TRANSMISSION NETWORK
TURKCELL TURKCELL
• SDH
• ATM
• IP
Servers
Clients
Backbone Network
AccessAccess
Service Capabilities Service Control
Content Applications
Access
TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGIESTRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGIES
TURKCELL TURKCELL
MSC/VLR
GMSCMGWAXE10
MSC/VLR
MGWAXE10
MSC/VLRTSC
MGWAXE10
MSC/VLRTSC
MGWAXE10
HLRAXE10
A
AA
BackboneGSMBSS
GSMBSS
GSMBSS
TSCMGWAXE10
GMSCMGWAXE10
STM
STM
AXD301
AXD301
Cello
Iu
GSMBSS
A
WCDMA RAN
ATM
ATM
ATM
ATMATM
STM
STM
STMSTM
STM
STM
Cello
ATM
ATM
STEP1STEP1
TURKCELL TURKCELL
MSC/VLR
GMSCMGWAXE10
MSC/VLR
MGWAXE10
MSC/VLRTSC
MGWAXE10
MSC/VLRTSC
MGWAXE10
HLRAXE10
A
AA
BackboneGSMBSS
GSMBSS
GSMBSS
TSCMGWAXE10
GMSCMGWAXE10
STM
STM
AXD301
AXD301
Iu
GSMBSS
AMGW
Cello
MGWCelloMGW
Cello
MGWCello
WCDMA RAN
STM
STM
STM
STM
Cello
STEP2STEP2
TURKCELL TURKCELL
HLRAXE10
BackboneIP-BSS
Router/SwitchATM/IP
MSC/VLRTSC/GMSC
ServerAXE10
MGWCello
MGWCelloMGW
Cello
MGWCello
WCDMA RAN
MGWCello
MGWCello
MGWCello
MGWCello
MSC/VLRTSC/GMSC
ServerAXE10
WCDMA RAN
MGWCello
Router/SwitchATM/IP
Router/SwitchATM/IP
GSMBSS
WCDMA RAN
STEP3STEP3
TURKCELL TURKCELL
PSTN/ISDN
MGW/GGSN Internet
Intranets
WCDMA RANMGW
CS Domain
MSCServer
GMSCServer
SGSNW
HLR
RBS RNC
PS Domain
Service Plane
Control Plane
User Plane
IP routers
Application Servers
UMTS Network Architecture -IP based data transport
UMTS Network Architecture -IP based data transport
