1

Types of ReactionsI. Just about every reaction can be classified as one of the following:

A. A synthesis reaction is when two or more pure substances bond together to make one new more complex compound.

1. A + B

AB

2. 2 Na 2 NaCl

http://jchemed.chem.wis11c.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA0/Movies/NACL1.html

+ Cl2

2

3

A. A synthesis reaction is when two or more pure substances bond together to make one new more complex compound.

1. A + B

AB

2. 2 Na 2 NaCl

http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA0/Movies/NACL1.html

+ Cl2

4

A. A synthesis reaction is when two or more pure substances bond together to make one new more complex compound.

3. 2 Al 2 AlBr3 + 3 Br2 http://cwx.prenhall.com/petrucci/medialib/media_portfolio/text_images/012_FORMALUMBRO.MOV

5

http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/samples/ca3NI3.html

B. Decomposition reactions are when compounds break down into two or more products.

A + B 1. AB

2. 2 NI3 N2 + 3 l2

6

C. If electricity is sent through a substance to cause a decomposition reaction, it is called electrolysis.D. One of the most familiar types of reactions

occurs when compounds react exothermically with oxygen - combustion!

7

E. If the atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound, it is called a single displacement reaction.

1. A + BX A X + B

2. 2 Mg

http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA0/MOVIES/MAGCO2.html

+ CO2 2 MgO + C

8

F. Double displacement reactions occur when the elements in two compounds switch

partners.

1. AX + BY AY + BX

2. NaOH

http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA0/MOVIES/AGNONAOH.html

+ AgNO3 NaNO3 + AgOH

9

F. Double displacement reactions occur when the elements in two compounds switch

partners.

1. AX + BY AY + BX

2. NaOH

http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA0/MOVIES/AGNONAOH.html + AgNO3 NaNO3 + AgOH

10

F. Double displacement reactions occur when the elements in two compounds switch

partners.2. NaOH + AgNO3 NaNO3 + AgOH

http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA0/MOVIES/AGNONAOH.html

11

+ AgNO3 NO3

F. Double displacement reactions occur when the elements in two compounds switch

partners.2. NaOH +OH AgNa

3. NaOH + HCl +OH ClHNa

12

reduction

G. Reduction reactions happen when electrons are gained by an element. Oxidation reactions occur when electrons are lost by an element.

1. Whenever one element is reduced, another is oxidized.

2. Since both reactions happen at the same time, we call the total reaction a

reductio reducti reductreducreduredred-oxidation oxidatio oxidatioxidat oxida oxidoxiox reaction.3. A reaction can be both a redox reaction and

one of the previous types at the same time.

13

G. Reduction reactions happen when electrons are gained by an element. Oxidation reactions occur when electrons are lost by an element.

1. 2 Na + 2 HOH

2 NaOH + H2

( 2 Na+ + 2 OH - + H2 )

14

G. Reduction reactions happen when electrons are gained by an element. Oxidation reactions occur when electrons are lost by an element.

1. 2 Na + 2 HOH

2 NaOH + H2

( 2 Na+ + 2 OH - + H2 )

15

H. Free radicals are non-metal atoms with incomplete energy levels.

1. These are highly reactive atoms searching for another electron wherever they can

find it! 2. They form covalent bonds with just about any non-metal that they can find.

3. Remember our 2 Fluorine atoms (ie. radicals).

16

H. Free radicals are non-metal atoms with incomplete energy levels.

1. These are highly reactive atoms searching for another electron wherever they can

find it! 2. They form covalent bonds with just about any non-metal that they can find.

3. Remember our 2 Fluorine atoms (ie. radicals).