1 sweden education at a glance 2015 thomas weko release date: 24 november 2015
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1
Sweden
Education at a Glance 2015
Thomas Weko
Release date: 24 November 2015
Stable public investment in education throughout the
economic crisis with comparatively high levels of spending per student
Sweden spends USD 12 740 per student per year from primary through tertiary education
Annual expenditure by educational institutions per student, by types of service, from primary to tertiary education (2012). In equivalent USD converted using PPPs, based on full-time equivalents, for primary through tertiary education
Chart B1.1.
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uss
ian
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ra...
La
tvia
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rke
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olo
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iaIn
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Un
ited
Sta
tes
Au
stri
aN
eth
erl
an
ds
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nite
d K
ing
do
mIr
ela
nd
Sw
ed
en
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rma
ny
Au
stra
liaF
inla
nd
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rea
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nce
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ven
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pa
inIta
lyP
ola
nd
Isra
el
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zech
Re
pu
blic
Est
on
iaC
hile
Slo
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Re
pu
blic
Hu
ng
ary
Bra
zil
Me
xico
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
Core services Ancillary services (transport, meals, housing provided by institutions)
Total R&D
In equivalent USD converted using
PPPs
Expenditure per primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary student increased by at least 10% in most countries between 2005 and 2012
Annual expenditure per student by educational institutions in 2012 related to change since 2005. Primary, secondary, and post-secondary non-tertiary education
Chart B1.4.P,S,PS
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0
1 000
2 000
3 000
4 000
5 000
6 000
7 000
8 000
9 000
10 000
11 000
12 000
13 000
14 000
15 000
16 000
MEX
CHLHUN SVKEST CZE
POL
ISR
POR
KORITA
ESP
JPN FIN
FRA
AUS
UKM IRECANNLD
SWE
TUR
BEL
USA
CHE
NOR
RUS
ISL
SVN
R² = 0.345881113162724
R² = 0.298397846059289
Change in expenditure per student between 2005 and 2012 (%)
Annual expenditure per student (2012,
USD) OECD average
Primary, secondary, and post-secondary non-tertiary educa-tion
OECD average
Between 2008 and 2012, public spending on education as a percentage of total public spending decreased in most countries
Index of change between 2008 and 2012 in total public expenditure on education as a percentage of total public expenditure
Ice
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d
Isra
el
Ch
ile
Ire
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Sw
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Cze
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Me
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Sw
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an
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lan
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EU
21
ave
rag
e
Be
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m
Fra
nce
Slo
ven
ia
No
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y
Ko
rea
Un
ited
Sta
tes
Italy
Est
on
ia
Sp
ain
Hu
ng
ary
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
Change in public expenditure on education Change in public expenditure for all services
Change in total public expenditure on education as a percentage of total public expenditure Index of change
Chart B4.3.
Many learning opportunities from early life to
adulthood
93 % of 3-year-olds are enrolled in pre-primary education
Enrolment rates in early childhood education at age 3 (2013)
Isra
el
Fra
nce
Be
lgiu
m
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Ne
w Z
ea
lan
d
Ice
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ain
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y
Italy
Sw
ed
en
Ge
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ny
De
nm
ark
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rea
Est
on
ia
Slo
ven
ia
Ne
the
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s
La
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an
EU
21
ave
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e
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ng
ary
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n F
ed
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tion
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Fin
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a
Cze
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ep
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ile
Un
ited
Sta
tes
Me
xico
Au
stra
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Ind
on
esi
a
Co
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bia
Bra
zil
Tu
rke
y
Sw
itze
rla
nd
Sa
ud
i Ara
bia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Enrolment rates at age 3 in early childhood educational programmes (ISC 01) Enrolment rates at age 3 in pre-primary education (ISC 02)
Chart Chart C2.1.
Non-completion of upper secondary education is fairly infrequent (and similar to Nordic peers)
Percentage of 25-34 year-olds with attainment below upper secondary education (2014)
Ch
ina
In
do
ne
sia
M
exi
co
Tu
rke
y C
ost
a R
ica
Bra
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Po
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l S
au
di A
rab
ia
Sp
ain
C
olo
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ia
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Italy
S
ou
th A
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a
Ch
ile
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w Z
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y G
ree
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Sw
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en
D
en
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EU
21
ave
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D a
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N
eth
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nce
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atv
ia
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ited
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om
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ust
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L
uxe
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ou
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ng
ary
G
erm
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y L
ithu
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ia
Est
on
ia
Un
ited
Sta
tes
Au
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a
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lan
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Fin
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el
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itze
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S
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k R
ep
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lic
Ca
na
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S
love
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P
ola
nd
C
zech
Re
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blic
R
uss
ian
Fe
de
ratio
n
Ko
rea
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70%
Chart A1.1.
Rates of tertiary attainment are well above average
Percentage of younger and older tertiary-educated adults (2014)
So
uth
Afr
ica
In
do
ne
sia
B
razi
l C
hin
a
Co
sta
Ric
aIta
ly
Me
xico
T
urk
ey
Sa
ud
i Ara
bia
C
hile
C
olo
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ia
Ge
rma
ny
Slo
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Re
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C
zech
Re
pu
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P
ort
ug
al
Hu
ng
ary
S
love
nia
A
ust
ria
G
ree
ce
EU
21
ave
rag
eL
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ia
Fin
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d
Ne
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d
Est
on
ia
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d
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ave
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e
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ain
D
en
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rk
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nce
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ium
N
eth
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ds
Un
ited
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tes
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ed
en
S
witz
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el
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stra
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nite
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ing
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Ire
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L
uxe
mb
ou
rg
Ca
na
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R
uss
ian
Fe
de
ratio
n
Ko
rea
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Proportion of the 25-34 year-old population with tertiary education Proportion of the 55-64 year-old population with tertiary education %
Chart A1.2.
High rates of participation in employer-sponsored education
Participation in employer-sponsored education, by occupation (2011, 2012)
Fin
lan
d
De
nm
ark
Sw
ed
en
No
rwa
y
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
En
gla
nd
/N. I
rela
nd
(U
K)
Un
ited
Sta
tes
Au
stra
lia
Est
on
ia
Ge
rma
ny
Ire
lan
d
Ca
na
da
Ave
rag
e
Fla
nd
ers
(B
elg
ium
)
Cze
ch R
ep
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lic
Ko
rea
Jap
an
Sp
ain
Au
stri
a
Po
lan
d
Fra
nce
Slo
vak
Re
pu
blic
Italy
Ru
ssia
n F
ed
era
tion
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Skilled occupations Semi-skilled white-collar occupationsSemi-skilled blue-collar occupations Elementary occupations
%
Chart C6.2.
With distinctively equitable results by gender and
education level
The highest share of women with bachelor's degree
Percentage of female graduates in tertiary levels of education (2013)
Sw
ed
en
La
tvia
No
rwa
y
Slo
vak
Re
pu
blic
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
Slo
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Ne
w Z
ea
lan
d
Hu
ng
ary
So
uth
Afr
ica
Po
rtu
ga
l
Sa
ud
i Ara
bia
De
nm
ark
Ca
na
da
Be
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m
Au
stri
a
EU
21
ave
rag
e
Fin
lan
d
Italy
Isra
el
Ru
ssia
n F
ed
era
tion
Au
stra
lia
Sp
ain
Co
lom
bia
OE
CD
ave
rag
e
Un
ited
Sta
tes
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
Lu
xem
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urg
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Ch
ile
Me
xico
Ind
on
esi
a
Ch
ina
Ge
rma
ny
Sw
itze
rla
nd
Tu
rke
y
Jap
an
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Bachelor’s or equivalent Doctorate or equivalent
%
Chart A3.3.
Among the narrowest earning gaps by gender across OECD countries
Earnings of 35-44 year-olds tertiary-educated women as a percentage of the earnings of men of the same age and educational attainment (2013 or most recent year avail-able)
Be
lgiu
mT
urk
ey
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Sw
itze
rla
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Sw
ed
en
Ne
the
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Italy
Gre
ece
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na
da
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en
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rkN
ew
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ala
nd
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ort
ug
al
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nce
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xico
Un
ited
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tes
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zech
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...B
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ore
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k R
ep
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Est
on
iaIs
rae
lH
un
ga
ry
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90%
Chart Chart A10.6
The employment benefit of tertiary education is less pronounced than in other countries – owing to strong employment outcomes for those with upper secondary education
Unemployment rates, by educational attainment (2014)
Slo
vak
Re
pu
blic
Sp
ain
Gre
ece
Lith
ua
nia
La
tvia
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
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ga
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ed
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ad
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eth
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ralia
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ited
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ica
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ile1
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dB
razi
l1M
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coK
ore
a
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45Below upper secondary Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary Tertiary
%
Chart A5.1.
Modest earning premia are visible across all tertiary levels in Sweden
Earning premia of tertiary-educated workers relative to upper secondary, by level of tertiary education (2013)
Italy
De
nm
ark
Sw
ed
en
No
rwa
y
Slo
vak
Re
pu
...
Fin
lan
d
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Fra
nce
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ch R
ep
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EU
21
ave
rag
e
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na
da
Un
ited
Kin
...
OE
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ave
...
Isra
el
Un
ited
Sta
tes
Po
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ga
l
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stri
a
Hu
ng
ary
Gre
ece
Ire
lan
d
Bra
zil
Ch
ile
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Bachelor's or equivalent Master's, doctoral or equivalentIndex450 564
Index450 564
Chart A6.1.
From education and training to work
Compared to other OECD members, Sweden has a relatively low share of 20-24 year-olds not in education, employment, or training
NEET population among 20-24 year-olds, by gender (2014)L
uxe
mb
ou
rgIc
ela
nd
No
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erm
an
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eth
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ds
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ark
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ad
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on
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ithu
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ave
rag
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ep
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ileC
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ica
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ree
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lyT
urk
ey
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Men Women Men and women%
Chart C5.1.
However (as is the case among Nordic peers) the share of full time-employed among working young adults is relatively is relatively low Chart C5.4
Percentage of 15-29 year-olds who work 35 hours or more per week among all employed young adults not in education, by gender (2014)Latv
ia
Lit
hu
an
ia
Lu
xem
bou
rg
Tu
rkey
Hu
ng
ary
Ch
ile1
Kore
a1
Germ
an
y
Est
on
ia
Pola
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Slo
ven
ia
Isra
el
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ium
Cost
a R
ica
Cze
ch
Rep
ub
lic
Icela
nd
Colo
mb
ia
Au
stri
a
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ep
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lic
Port
ug
al
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itze
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d
Fra
nce
Mexic
o
Sp
ain
2
Au
stra
lia
OE
CD
avera
ge
Un
ited
Sta
tes
Un
ited
Kin
...
Gre
ece
Italy
Fin
lan
d
Can
ad
a
Irela
nd
Den
mark
Sw
ed
en
Neth
erl
an
ds
Norw
ay
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Men Women
%
From equality to the challenge of quality
Relationship between mathematics performance and variation in performance explained by students’ socio-economic status Chart A9.4
Student performance and equity
051015202530300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
471.131460759248
522.971758192682
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448.859130247605
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426.737491293011
536.406918234209
478.260635903011
504.150766311123518.078519433354
385.595556395556
538.134494733918
U.A.E. 431.798408505079
492.795697239492
376.4483986347
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413.281466667708
534.96508297892
553.766659143614
485.321181012553
406.999866988793
444.554242787643466.48143014931
513.525055819929
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387.824629620248388.431709907141
391.459888954175
420.512967619053447.984414978955
452.973426858908478.823277433358
490.571021411359Russian Fed.484.319297801971UK
498.95788231768
500.026756625414
501.127422390952
501.497460196644
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511.338207501184
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368
423
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482487
490
495
409
500
560
515
OE
CD
av
erag
e
OECD average
Percentage of variance in performance explained by ESCS (r-squared x 100)
Mean m
ath
em
ati
cs p
erf
orm
ance
Below average mathematics performanceBelow average impact of socio-economic
background
Above average mathematics performanceBelow average impact of socio-economic
background
Below average mathematics performanceAbove average impact of socio-economic background
Above average mathematics performanceAbove average impact of socio-economic background
Between 2003 and 2012, performance of 15-year-olds declined in the three core subjects of the PISA test.
2000 2003 2006 2009 2012475
480
485
490
495
500
505
510
515
520
PISA Reading PISA Mathematics PISA Science
Pis
a M
ean
Sco
re
The share of top performers in mathematics dropped slightly, on average
Chart A9.3
Percentage of top performers in mathematics, PISA 2003 and 2012
Challenges in the teaching profession
A flat salary developmentChart D3.2
Annual statutory salaries of lower secondary teachers in public institutions, in equivalent USD converted using PPPs at different points in their careers (2013)
Luxe
mbo
urg
Germ
any
Denm
ark
Unite
d St
ates
Norw
aySp
ain
Cana
daAu
stra
liaNe
ther
land
sIre
land
Finl
and
Belg
ium
(Fl.)
Aust
riaBe
lgiu
m (F
r.)Sw
eden
OEC
D av
erag
ePo
rtug
alFr
ance
Italy
New
Zea
land
Kore
a2En
glan
dJa
pan
Scot
land
Turk
eyIce
land
Slov
enia
Mex
icoIsr
ael
Gree
ceCh
ileCz
ech
Repu
blic
Colo
mbi
aPo
land
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nia
Slov
ak R
epub
licHu
ngar
y
,0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
Starting salary/typical qualificationsSalary after 15 years of experience/typical qualificationsSalary at top of scale/maximum qualificationsEquivalent USD
converted using PPPs
An ageing teaching force
Age distribution of teachers in upper secondary education (2013)
Chart D5.2
Italy
Estonia
Norway
Germany
Finland
Austria
Greece
Colombia
OECD average
Israel
Slovenia
United States
Belgium
Luxembourg
Ireland
Portugal
Canada
Indonesia
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
< 30 years 30-39 years 40-49 years ≥ 50 years
%
Mean mathematics performance, by school location, after accounting for socio-economic status
Fig II.3.32626 Teachers' perceptions of the value of teaching
Percentage of lower secondary teachers who "agree" or "strongly agree" that teaching profession is a valued profession in society
Mala
ysi
a
Sin
gap
ore
Kore
a
Ab
u D
hab
i (U
AE)
Fin
lan
d
Mexic
o
Alb
ert
a (
Can
ad
a)
Fla
nd
ers
(B
elg
ium
)
Neth
erl
an
ds
Au
stra
lia
En
gla
nd
(U
K)
Rom
an
ia
Isra
el
Un
ited
Sta
tes
Ch
ile
Avera
ge
Norw
ay
Jap
an
Latv
ia
Serb
ia
Bu
lgari
a
Den
mark
Pola
nd
Icela
nd
Est
on
ia
Bra
zil
Italy
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
Port
ug
al
Cro
ati
a
Sp
ain
Sw
ed
en
Fra
nce
Slo
vak R
ep
ub
lic
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Perc
enta
ge o
f te
ach
ers
Education at a Glance 2015http://www.oecd.org/education/education-at-a-glance-19991487.htm
www.oecd.org/edu
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