1 status of the nica technical design report nuclotron-based ion collider facility i.meshkov for...

1

Status of The NICAStatus of The NICA Technical Design ReportTechnical Design ReportNNuclotron-baseduclotron-based IIonon CColliderollider ffAAcilitycility

I.MeshkovI.Meshkovforfor NICA CollaborationNICA Collaboration

Round Table Workshop IVSearching for the Mixed Phase of Strongly Interacting Matter

at the NICA

Physics at NICA

JINR, DubnaSeptember 9 – 12, 2009

2

ContentsIntroduction:

Mixed phase of strongly interacting matter and the NICA project

Development of the NICA Concept and Technical Design Report

1. NICA scheme & layout

2. Heavy ions in NICA

2.1. Operation regime and parameters

2.2. Collider

3. Polarized particle beams in NICA

4. NICA project status and nearest plans4.1. Injector 4.2. Booster4.3. Nuclotron-NICA4.4. Collider4.5. NICA Collaboration

ConclusionRound Table Workshop IV I.Meshkov, Status of the NICA TDR JINR, Dubna September 1, 2009

3

Introduction:

Mixed phase of strongly interacting matter

and the NICA project

Round Table Workshop IV I.Meshkov, Status of the NICA TDR JINR, Dubna September 1, 2009

n/n_nuclear (n_nuclear = 0.16 fm-3)Nuclei

GSI/JINR/BNL

2005 - 2009

critR

HIC (2

009)

NICA (2

006)

4


Introduction: Development of the NICA Concept and

TDR

January 2008

NICA CDR MPD LoI

Conceptual Design Reportof

Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA)(Short version)

January 2009

NICA CDR (Short version)

5


Introduction: Development of the NICA Concept and TDR

Ускорительно-накопительныйкомплекс NICA

(Nuclotron-based Ion Collider

fAcility)

Технический проект

Том I

Дубна, 2009

Ускорительно-накопительныйкомплекс NICA

(Nuclotron-based Ion Collider

fAcility)

Технический проект

Том II

Дубна, 2009

August 2009

NICA TDR (volumes I & II)

6


Introduction: Development of the NICA Concept and TDR Approved by

Director of JINRacademician A.N.Sisakian

____________________

Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) "____ " 2009 г.

Technical Design ReportProject leaders: A.Sisakian,A.Sorin

TDR is being developed by the NICA collaboration:JINR

Physicists and engineers: N.Agapov, E.Ahmanova, V.Alexandrov, A.Alfeev, O.Brovko, A.Butenko, E.D.Donets,

E.E.Donets, A.Eliseev, A.Govorov, I.Issinsky, E.Ivanov, V.Karpinsky, V.Kekelidze, G.Khodzhibagiyan, A.Kobets,

V.Kobets, A.Kovalenko, O.Kozlov, A.Kuznetsov, V.Mikhailov, V.Monchinsky, A.Sidorin, A.Smirnov, A.Olchevsky,

R.Pivin, Yu.Potrebennikov, A.Rudakov, A.Smirnov, G.Trubnikov, V.Shevtsov, B.-R.Vasilishin, V.Volkov,

S.Yakovenko, V.Zhabitsky

Designers: V.Agapova, G.Berezin, V.Borisov, V.Bykovsky, A.Bychkov, T.Volobueva, E.Voronina, S.Kukarnikov,

T.Prakhova, S.Rabtsun, G.Titova, Yu.Tumanova, A.Shabunov, V.Shokin IHEP, Protvino O.Belyaev, Yu.Budanov, S.Ivanov, A.Maltsev, I.Zvonarev,

INR RAS, TroitskV.Matveev, A.Belov, A.Feshchenko, L.Kravchuk, L.Nechaeva, A.Turbabin, V.Zubets

Budker INP, Novosibirsk V.Arbuzov, Yu.Biriuchevsky, S.Krutikhin, G.Kurkin, B.Persov, V.Petrov, A.Pilan

Chief engineer of the Project V.Kalagin, Chief designer of the Project N.Topilin

Editors: I.Meshkov, A.Sidorin

7



Since publication of the 1-st version of the NICA CDR

The Concept was developed and the volumes I and II

of the TDR have been completed:

Volume I – Part 1, General description

Part 2, Injector complex

Volume II – Part 3, Booster-Synchrotron

A brief review of the Project, its status and plans of

realization are presented here.

8



The Project goals formulated in NICA CDR

are the following:

1a) Heavy ion colliding beams 197Au79+ x 197Au79+ at

sNN = 4 11 GeV (1 4.5 GeV/u ion kinetic energy )

at

Laverage= 11027 cm-2s-1 (at sNN = 9 GeV);

1b) Light-Heavy ion colliding beams of the energy range and luminosity

(“the reference” collider mode);

2) Polarized beams of protons and deuterons:

pp sNN = 12 25 GeV (5 12.6 GeV kinetic energy ),

dd sNN = 4 13.8 GeV (2 5.9 GeV/u ion kinetic energy ).

9


1. NICA scheme &

layout

2.3 m

4.0 m

Booster

Synchrophasotron yoke

Nuclotron

Existing beam lines(solid target exp-s)

Collider

C = 251 m

MPD

Spin Physics Detector

(SPD)

10


1. NICA scheme & layout

(Contnd)

“Old” Linac LU-20

KRION + “New” HILACBooster

Nuclotron

Collider MPD

SPD Beam dump

11


Nuclotron (45 Tm)injection of one

bunch of 1.1×109 ions,

acceleration up to 14.5 GeV/u max.

Collider (45 Tm)Storage of

17 (20) bunches 1109 ions per ring

at 14.5 GeV/u,electron and/or stochastic

cooling

Injector: 2×109 ions/pulse of 197Au32+ at energy of 6.2 MeV/u

IP-1

IP-2

Two superconducting

collider rings

2. Heavy ions in NICA2.1. Operation regime and

parameters

Booster (25 Tm)1(2-3) single-turn

injection, storage of 2 (4-6)×109,acceleration up to 100

MeV/u,electron cooling,

acceleration up to 600 MeV/uStripping (80%) 197Au32+

197Au79+

2х17 (20) injection

cycles

Bunch compression (RF phase jump)

12


(Contnd)

Bunch compression in Nuclotron

Bunch rotation by RF amplitude “jump” 15 120 kV

Phase space portraits of the bunch

, 10 deg./div

E – E0

2 GeV/div

1 2

2.1. Operation regime and

parameters

A.Eliseev


E – E0

2 GeV/div

, 10 deg./div

13


(Contnd)

Bunch compression in Nuclotron


parameters


time, 0.1 sec/div.

E_r.m.c.

200 MeV/div.

_r.m.s.

5 deg./div.

(1 deg. 0.7 m)

_r.m.s.

0.5 eVsec/div

E – E0 , 2 GeV/div

, 50 deg./div

A.Eliseev

Bunch rotation by RF phase “jump” = 1800

Phase space portraits of the bunch E – E0

2 GeV/div

14

Round Table workshop IV I.Meshkov, Status of the NICA TDR JINR, Dubna September 1, 2009

Stage E MeV/u

unnorm mmmr

ad

p/p lbunch m

Intensityloss,%

Space charge Q

Injection (after bunching on 4th harmonics

6.2 10 1.3E-3 6 10 0.022

After cooling (h=1)

100 2.45 3.8E-4 7.17 <10 0.016

At extraction 600 0.89 3.2E-4 3.1 0.0085

Injection (after stripping)

594 0.89 3.4E-4 3.1 <20 0.051

After acceleration 3500 0.25 1.5E-4 2 <1 0.0075

At extraction 3500 0.25 110-

3

0.5 Loss = 40%

Nextr= 1E9

0.03


(Contnd)

Bunch parameters dynamics in the injection

chain


parameters

15


0

0,5

1

1,5

2

0 2 4 6


(Contnd)

Time Table of The Storage Process


parameters

B(t

), a

rb. u

nit

s

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

0 2 4 6

Booster magnetic field

B(t

), a

rb. u

nit

s

Nuclotron magnetic field

t, [s]

t, [s]

B(t

), a

rb. u

nit

s

electroncooling

1 (2-3) injection cycles,electron cooling (?)

Extraction, stripping to 197Au79+

bunch compression,extraction

injection

34 injection cycles to Collider ringsof 1109 ions 197Au79+ per cycle

1.71010 ions/ring

The next injection…,The next cycle…

16



(Contnd)

MPD

RF

I.Meshkov, O.Kozlov, V.Mikhailov,A.Sidorin, A.Smirnov, N.Topilin

SPDx,y kicker

10 m

Injection channels

Spin rotator

2.2. Collider

Beam dump

Long. kicker

S_Cool PUx, y, long

E_cooler

Upper ring

17



(Contnd) 2.2. Collider (Contnd)

General Parameters

Ring circumference, [m] 251.52

B max [ Tm ] 45.0

Ion kinetic energy (Au79+), [GeV/u]

1.0 4.56

Dipole field (max), [ T ] 4.0

Free space at IP (for detector) 9 m

Beam crossing angle at IP 0

Vacuum, [ pTorr ] 100 10

18


Energy, GeV/u 1.0 3.5

Ion number per bunch 1E9 1E9

Number of bunches per ring 17 17

Rms unnormalized beam emittance, ∙mm mrad

3.8 0.25

Rms momentum spread 1E-3 1E-3

Rms bunch length, m 0.3 0.3

Luminosity per one IP, cm-2∙s-1 0.75E26 1.1E27

Incoherent tune shift Qbet 0.056 0.047

Beam-beam parameter 0.0026 0.0051

IBS growth time, s 650 50


(Contnd) 2.2. Collider (Contnd)

General Parameters

19



(Contnd)

Two injection schemes are considered:

1) bunch by bunch injection, 17 bunches: bunch number is limited by kicker pulse duration bunch compression in Nuclotron is required (!) Electron and/or stochastic cooling is used

for luminosity preservation

2.2. Collider (Contnd)

!

2) Injection and storage with barrier bucket

technique and cooling of a coasting (!) beam, 20

bunches, bunch number is limited by interbunch space in IP straight

section bunch compression in Nuclotron is NOT required (!) Electron and/or stochastic cooling for storage and

luminosity preservation, bunch formation after storage are

required.

!

Nbunch 17

Nbunch 20

20



(Contnd) 2.2. Collider

(Contnd)

Ion trajectory in the phase space (p, )

2

V(t)Cavity

voltage

(p)io

n

Barrier Bucket Method

(p)io

n

Revolution period

(p)io

n

0Stack

NICA: Trevolution = 0.85 0.96 s, VBB 16 kV

The method was tested experimentally at ESR (GSI)

with electron cooling (2008).

(p)io

n

p (p)separatrix

Unstable phase area

(injection area)

In reality RF voltage pulses can be (and are actually) of nonrectangular shape

Cooling is ON

21

1.6

0.8

N1 E( )

N2 E( )

4.50.5 E

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5

E, GeV/u

N_ion/bunch vs Energy

[1E9]



(Contnd)2.2. Collider

(Contnd)Collider luminosity vs Ion EnergyTwo outmost cases at QLasslett = Const :

1) L(E) = Const ;

2) Nion(E) = Const .

53norm32ion

1,

1)E(N

322norm )E(L,1

2

0.01

L1 E( )

L2 E( )

4.50.5 E

10

1.0

0.1

0.01 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5

4.5 E, GeV/u

L(E)

[1E27 cm-2∙s-1]

!

1_norm E( )

2_norm E( )

E

_norm(E)

[∙mm∙mrad]

10

1.0

0.10.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5

E, GeV/u

22


B [kG]

8

6

4

2

Te = 10 eV



(Contnd)

BETACOOL

simulation

Parameters

ion beam: 197Au79+ at 3.5 GeV/u, initial =0.5 ∙mm∙mrad, (p/p) = 1∙10-3

electron beam: Ie = 0.5 A, re = 2 mm, Te|| = 5 meV; = 0.024 (6 m/250 m)

IBS Heating and cooling – luminosity evolution at electron cooling

0

1E+27

2E+27

3E+27

4E+27

5E+27

6E+27

0 5 10 15 20 25reference time, sec

6

Luminosity

[1E27 cm-2∙s-1] 4

2

0

Conclusion: Electron magnetization is much more preferable

!

23

For NICA parameters (197Au79+ ions)

(Nbunch)necessary ~ 7108 (Nbunch)sufficient ~ 6109.




(Contnd)Electron cloud effect in the

Collider Electron cloud formation criteria

The necessary condition (“resonance effect”):

The sufficient condition (“multipactor effect”):

,lZr

b)N(

spacee

22

necessarybunch

Here c is ion velocity, Z – ion charge number, b – vacuum chamber radius,

re – electron classic radius, lspace – distance between bunches,

me – electron mass, c – the speed of light,

crit ~ 1 keV – electron energy sufficient for secondary electron generation.

.cm2Zr

b)N(

2e

crit

esufficientbunch

!

24




(Contnd)

Collider: the problems to be

solved Collider SC dipoles with max B up to 4 T, Lattice and working point “flexibility”, RF parameters (related problem), Single bunch stability (“the head-tail effect”,

resonances,… ), Vacuum chamber impedance and multibunch

stability, Electron cloud effect and multibunch stability, Stochastic cooling of bunched ion beam, Electron cooling at electron energy up to 2.5 MeV, … … … .

25

3. Polarized particle beams in

NICA Longitudinal polarization

formation MPDYu.Filatov,I.Meshkov

BB


Upper ring

SPD

Spin rotator:

“Full Siberian snake”

“Siberian snake”: Protons, 1 E 12 GeV (BL)solenoid 50 T∙m

Deuterons, 1 E 5 GeV/u (BL)solenoid 140 T∙m

26

Longitudinal polarization

formation


Longitudinal polarization formation (Contnd) MPD

SPD

B

Lower ring


(Contnd)

“Full Siberian snake”

27


From NuclotronS

a1B

)BL(

ion

dipole


(Contnd)

Spin rotator

B

Polarized particle beams injection

~ 900

Protons, 1 E 12 GeV (BL)dipole 3 T∙m

Deuterons, 1 E 5 GeV/u (BL)dipole 5.8 T∙m

28

Energy, GeV 5 12

Proton number per bunch 6E10 1.5E10

Rms relative momentum spread 10E-3 10E-3

Rms bunch length, m 1.7 0.8

Rms (unnormalized) emittance, mmmrad

0.24 0.027

Beta-function in the IP, m 0.5 0.5

Lasslet tune shift 0.0074 0.0033

Beam-beam parameter 0.005 0.005

Number of bunches 10 10

Luminosity, cm-2∙s-1 1.1E30

1.1E30



(Contnd)

Parameters of polarized proton beams in collider

29

Type of resonance

Resonance condition

Number of resonances at acceleration

p 0 – 12 GeV

d 0 – 6 GeV/u

1.Intrinsic res. Qs = kp Qz 6 0

2.Integer res. Qs = k 25 1?

3.Nonsuperperiodic

Qs = m Qz , m kp

44 2

4.Coupling res. Qs = m Qx 49 2



(Contnd)Polarized particle acceleration in Nuclotron:

Spin resonances

Q – betatron and spin precession tunes,

k, m – integers, p – number of superiods (8 for Nuclotron)

Power of the Spin resonances: P1,2 ~ 103∙P3,4

30


y

s x

y y

s

y

sx

y

t

Qs - QresSpin tune dynamics

Protons, 12 GeV, t = 100 s

BxLx = 0.18 T∙m, By∙Ly = 4.7 T∙m

x -y -2∙xy

x

QS = x∙y/2 per 1 turn

BxBs Bs Bx

Bx

Fast spin rotator

x

y

s


(Contnd)Polarized proton acceleration in Nuclotron:

Fast crossing of spin resonances

Yu.Filatov

31

4. NICA project status and plans

Infrastructure

Control systems

PS systems

Diagnostics

Collider

Transfer channel to Collider

Nuclotron-NICA

Nuclotron-M

Booster + trans. channel

LINAC + trans. channel

KRION

2015201420132012201120102009

operation

comms/operatn

mountg+commssiong

Manufctrng + mounting

design

R & D

Booster: magnetic system


32

HILAC – Heavy ion linac RFQ + Drift Tube Linac (DTL),

Status: design and construction (O.Belyaev & the Team, IHEP,

Protvino).

4. NICA project status and plans (Contnd)

4.1. Injector

KRION - Cryogenic ion source of “electron-string” type

developed by E.Donets group at JINR. It is aimed to

generation of heavy multicharged ions (e.g.197Au32+).

RFQ Electrode

s

2H cavities of "Ural" RFQ(prototype)

Sector H-cavityof “Ural” RFQ

DTL(prototype)

E.D.DonetsE.E.Donets


KRION-6T Cryostat & vac. chamber

To be commissioned in

2013.


2013.

33

4.2. Booster

Superconducting Booster

in the magnet yoke

of The SynchrophasotronSynchrophasotron

yoke

B = 25 Tm, Bmax = 1.8 T1) 3 single-turn injections 2) Storage and electron

cooling of 8×109 197Au32+

3) Acceleration up to 440 MeV/u

4) Extraction & stripping

A.ButenkoV.MikhailovG.KhodjibagiyanN.Topilin

Nuclotron

Booster

“Nuclotron-type” SC magnets for Booster

2.3 m

4.0 mVladimir I. Veksler

Dismounting is in progress presently

Status: designing (working

drawings)

To be commissioned in 2013.



34


4.2. Booster

(Contnd)


35


4.2. Booster

(Contnd)


2.3 m

4.0 m

Heavy ion LinacBeam injection

Slow extraction

Fast extractionTransfer to Nuclotron

RF system

Electron coolingsystem

Experimental areabld. 1 B

36

Injection & Injection & extractionextraction

Injection schemeInjection scheme

Injection pulses

First Second Third

Closed orbit displacement

t

Three pulses of single turn injection

Extraction schemeExtraction scheme

4. NICA project status and plans (Contnd) 4.2. Booster

(Contnd)


37


4.2. Booster

(Contnd)


Booster parameters

Circumference 214 m

Max B 27 T·m

Lattice type FODO

Superperiods 4

Periods 24

Strait sections 2 x 8,6 m

Dipol magnets 40 x 2 m

Maximum dipole field

1,8 T

Quadrupole magnets

48 x 0.4 m

Vacuum 10-11 Torr

Boost

er

super

perio

d

38

Ring equipmentRing equipment


4.2. Booster (Contnd)


39

RF system parameters

Frequency range,MHz

0.6 2.4

Maximum voltage amplitude, kV

10

Number of cavities

2

Cavity length, m

1.4

RF tube type EIMAC 4XC15.000A

4. NICA project status and plans 4.2. Booster

(Contnd)RF system (designed by Budker INP)


40

Vacuum system equipment

Varian TriScroll 300 pumps

42

Pfeiffer TMU 071 YP DN63 CF HV pumps

28

Pfeiffer TMU 521 YP DN160 CF HV pumps

14

Ion pumps 80l/s 6

IKR 060, DN40 CF 36

Pirani gauge 6

HV valves CE44

DN63 & DN160 70

Vacuum, Torr 1E-11

Vacuum systemVacuum system


4.2. Booster (Contnd)


Boost

er

super

perio

d

41


4.2. Booster

(Contnd)


SC magnet technologySC magnet technology

SC hollow cable

42

4.2. Booster

(Contnd)

electron gun

collector

cryogenic shield

superconducting solenoids

“warm” solenoids

E.Ahmanova, I.Meshkov,A.Smirnov, N.Topilin, Yu.Tumanova, S.Yakovenko

Electron cooling system of the

Booster



43e-gun e-collector


4.2. Booster

(Contnd)


Electron cooling system of the Booster (Contnd)

44

4. NICA project status and plans4.2. Booster

(Contnd)

I.Meshkov, Status of NICA Project

VIII Sarantsev Seminar Alushta, September 1, 2009

Main Power Supply systemMain Power Supply system

Main power supply unit:Maximum current 12 kA

Voltage 250 V

45


2013.


4.3. Nuclotron-

NICA

To be designed, constructed and commissioned:

1.Injection system (new HILAC)

2.RF system – new version with bunch

compression

3.Dedicated diagnostics

4.Single turn extraction with fine

synchronization

5.Polarized protons acceleration in

Nuclotron

G.Trubnikov & the Team



This project succeeds the Nuclotron-M project

46


4.4. Collider

“Twin magnets” for NICA collider rings

“Twin” dipoles

“Twin” quadrupoles

1 – Cos coils, 2 – “collars”, 3 – He header,

4 – iron yoke, 5 – thermoshield, 6 – outer jacket

Double ring collider; (B)max = 45 Tm, Bmax = 4 T

A.KovalenkoG.Khodjibagiyan




2014.

47

Under development in collaboration with - All-Russian Institute for Electrotechnique (Moscow)

- FZ Juelich

- Budker INP I.Meshkov, Status of NICA Project


4. NICA project status and plans4.4. Collider

Electron cooling system of the ColliderMax electron energy, MeV 2.5Max electron current, A 0.5Solenoid magnetic field, T 0.3

“Magnetized” electron beamSolenoid type: “warm” at acceleration columns superconducting at transportation and cooling

sections

HV generator: Dynamitron type

I.MeshkovA.SmirnovS.Yakovenko

6 m

3 m


2014.

48 I.Meshkov, Status of NICA Project


GSI/FAIR SC dipoles for Booster/SIS-100 SC dipoles for Collider


4.5. NICA

Collaboration Budker INP Booster RF system Booster electron

cooling Collider RF system Collider SC magnets (expertise) HV electron cooler

for collider

Electronics (?)

IHEP (Protvino) Injector Linac

FZ Jűlich (IKP)

HV Electron cooler

Stoch. cooling Fermilab

HV Electron cooler

Stoch. cooling

All-Russian Institute for Electrotechnique

HV Electron cooler

Corporation “Powder Metallurgy” (Minsk, Belorussia): Technology of TiN coating of vacuum chamber walls for reduction of secondary emission

BNL (RHIC)

Electron &Stoch. Cooling

ITEP: Beam dynamics in the collider

49

Thank you for your attention!

I.Meshkov, NICA Project Status ANKE/PAX Workshop Dubna, June 22-26, 2009

50 I.Meshkov, Status of NICA Project



4.6. “Collider

2T”

V.KalaginI.MeshkovV.MikhailovG.Trubnikov

MPD

SPD

25

m

G.Khodgibagiya

n

Collider:C_Ring 380 м

Dipoles 2 Тл

Luminosity?

From Nuclotr

on

“The ambush regiment”

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