1 st Nine Weeks test Review GIS Geographic Information System- computer tools for processing and organizing details and satellite images with other pieces of information. Geographers can look at environmental and economic issues and make a personalized map. SEASONS https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=wwdB22opre0 https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=wwdB22opre0 When summer in N. hemisphere- winter in S. hemisphere Opposite seasons Ex: Christmas in Australia is the hottest time of the year (people have BBQs and go to the beach for Christmas) Climate Low- hot Middle- temperate High- cold What 3 factors are important to determining the vegetation of an area? 1. Moisture 2. Temperature 3. Soil If you live in an area with tectonic activity flooding/mudslides/ falling buildings you must.. Cant build homes on hillside in mudslide area Human Modification to environment Deforestation- clear land for farming. Destroys environment. Drilling for Oil Help the economy, create jobs, could hurt the environment. Expanding a highway Contribute to economic activity of an area Oil Spills Had to close businesses- geography of settlement influences economic activities CULTURE The beliefs, customs, art, etc of a particular society, group or place (holidays) North Sea North of Europe- very cold water Challenges of Growing food for a growing population in Africa Mostly poor developing countries, they clear the land for farming but then over farm the soil until they soil doesnt have any nutrients left. Crops wont grow, the wind and water wash away the soil. PULL Factors Fertile land Freedom Affordable housing Natural resources Favorable climate Reasons people want to move to a new country Immigrants PUSH Factors Earthquakes Ebola Religious persecution Gang violence The need for care services for the elderly will increase. Aging population!! Developed Countries- long life expectancy high GDP (rich countries) low birth rate high literacy rate low infant mortality rate Developing Countries- low life expectancy low GDP (poor) high birth rate low literacy rate high infant mortality Cultural Diffusion The spread of ideas, goods and people from one place to another Ex: Columbian Exchange, Silk Road, caravan routes in Africa Silk Road and Caravan Routes Migration Patterns California Gold Rush- 1840s Immigrants to America in early 1900s- War Natural resources affect population distribution. People will move places for their jobs! Mining/Steel- Pittsburgh Oil Industry Houston Urbanization- People moving from rural area to urban areas. (country to city) Most people live near water (oceans and rivers) and fertile land Most dont live in mountains, deserts, forests or the middle of no where! How did the population get so big so fast? Medicine Technology Agriculture Dialect Version of a language that includes changes to class, region, and other cultural changes. Greenhouse Effect The trapping of the suns warmth in the lower atmosphere that causes excess gases and warmer temperatures. *Caused by industrialization and pollution Monsoon Seasonal wind in Asia that brings warm, wet air in the summer and cold dry air in the winter GLACIERS Moved fertile soil into the Midwest states of the USA During the last ice age the glaciers scraped earth and moved soil when melted and receded, left the fertile soil.