1 situational leadership 2 overview task and relationship behaviorstask and relationship behaviors...

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Situational Situational LeadershipLeadership

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OverviewOverview

• Task and relationship behaviorsTask and relationship behaviors

• Leadership variablesLeadership variables

• Situational Leadership ModelSituational Leadership Model

• Case study (optional)Case study (optional)

• ExerciseExercise

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SUCCESSFUL SUCCESSFUL LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP

““The leader is one who mobilizes others toward a goal shared by leaders and followers.” The leader is one who mobilizes others toward a goal shared by leaders and followers.” — Gary Wills— Gary Wills Certain Trumpets: The Call of LeadersCertain Trumpets: The Call of Leaders

“The task of leadership is not to put greatness into people, but to elicit it, for the greatness is there already.”“The task of leadership is not to put greatness into people, but to elicit it, for the greatness is there already.”— John Buchan— John Buchan

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Task and Relationship BehaviorsTask and Relationship Behaviors

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Involves:• Clearly telling people

- What to do- How to do it- Where to do it- When to do it

• Closely supervising performance

Task Behavior

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Relationship Behavior

Involves:• Listening to people

• Providing support

and encouragement• Facilitating involvement

in problem solving and decision making

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Leadership Variables

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Leader/Follower


Boss

Associates/Peers

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• Organization

• Job demands

• Time

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Interim Summary

• Task/Relationship behaviorTask/Relationship behavior• Leadership variablesLeadership variables

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S3

S1S4

S2

Low Relationship/ Low TaskBehavior

High Task/ Low RelationshipBehavior

High Task/ High RelationshipBehavior

High Relationship/ Low TaskBehavior

PROGRESSION TOWARD PERFORMANCE READINESS (High) (Low)(Moderate)

R4 R1R2R3

THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES

(High)

TASK BEHAVIOR (High)(Low)

RELATIONS HIP

BEHAVIOR

FOLLOWERS

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Individual Performance Readiness

• Ability: Knowledge Skills Experience

• Willingness: Confidence,CommitmentMotivation

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Levels of Performance Readiness

R1: Unable and insecure, or unwilling

R2: Unable, but confident or willing

R3: Able, but insecure or unwilling

R4: Able, confident and willing: ready to achieve

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Levels of PerformanceReadiness

R1

Unable and Insecure, or Unwilling

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R2

Unable – but Confident or Willing

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R3

Able – but Insecure or Unwilling

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R4 Able, Confident and Willing

Ready to Achieve

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Performance Readiness• R1 Unable - Insecure or

Unwilling • R2 Unable – but

Confident

• R3 Able – but Insecure or Unwilling

• R4 Able and Confident, Willing and Ready to Achieve

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Performance ReadinessPerformance ReadinessTransition from R1/R2 to R3/R4:• Transforms performance from leader-directed

to self-directed• Causes range of emotions

Transition between each level: • Challenges leader’s “timing” in employing

confidence-building techniques• Is Not Linear – leader may have to react to

several performance levels simultaneously

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S3

S1S4

S2






R4 R1R2R3


(High)


RELATIONS HIP

BEHAVIOR

FOLLOWERS

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Telling • High task, low relationship-oriented• One-way communication • Leader solves problems, makes all key

decisions• Leader directs, then guides roles of followers as they progress

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S3

S1S4

S2






R4 R1R2R3


(High)


RELATIONS HIP

BEHAVIOR

FOLLOWERS

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Selling• High task, high relationship-oriented• Two-way communications opened• Leader hears followers’ suggestions, ideas

and opinions• Leader maintains control over decision making, but employs

persuasion and explains actions

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S3

S1S4

S2






R4 R1R2R3


(High)


RELATIONS HIP

BEHAVIOR

FOLLOWERS

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Participating• High relationship, low task behavior• Focus of control shifts to follower• Follower has ability and knowledge to do

a task• Leader actively listens –

builds confidence

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S3

S1S4

S2






R4 R1R2R3


(High)


RELATIONS HIP

BEHAVIOR

FOLLOWERS

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Delegating

Low task/low relationship style – • Followers make key decisions, implement • Leader:

- Gets updates from followers- Offers resource support- Delegates tasks judiciously- Encourages risk-taking and

independent thought

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S3

S1S4

S2






R4 R1R2R3


(High)


RELATIONS HIP

BEHAVIOR

FOLLOWERS

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Applying Proper Applying Proper Leadership StylesLeadership Styles

• What do you want to accomplish?

• What is the group's performance level?

• What leadership action should you take?

• What is the result of your leader style? • Do you need to follow up?

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Leader Style – How to Act

Task Behaviors: Relationship Behaviors:

Set Goals Give Support

Organize Communicate

Set Timelines Facilitate

Direct Actively Listen

Control Provide Feedback

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SummarySummary

• Task and relationship behaviorsTask and relationship behaviors

• Leadership variablesLeadership variables

• Situational Leadership ModelSituational Leadership Model

• Case study (optional)Case study (optional)

• ExerciseExercise

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Situational Leadership Is:

The interplay of direction, guidance, persuasion, explanation, problem solving, encouragement and delegation, along with flexibility in adjusting actions to maximize individual or unit performance readiness.

1 situational leadership 2 overview task and relationship behaviorstask and relationship behaviors...

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