11

Session 5: Session 5:

NON-DISCRIMINATION AND NON-DISCRIMINATION AND PREFERENCES; PREFERENCES;

WORK OF THE WTOWORK OF THE WTO

14-17 January 2003, Dar es Salaam 14-17 January 2003, Dar es Salaam

Vesile Kulaçoglu, WTO SecretariatVesile Kulaçoglu, WTO Secretariat

22

Main principles underlying rules Main principles underlying rules in WTO agreementsin WTO agreements

Non-discriminationNon-discrimination

TransparencyTransparency

33

Two standards of Two standards of Non-discrimination principleNon-discrimination principle

National treatmentNational treatment

Most-favoured-nation Most-favoured-nation treatment treatment

44

Non-discrimination principle implicit Non-discrimination principle implicit

in the tendering proceduresin the tendering procedures

Qualification of suppliers Qualification of suppliers (GPA (GPA Article VIII)Article VIII)

Selection of suppliers Selection of suppliers (GPA Article X)(GPA Article X)

Awarding of contracts Awarding of contracts (GPA Article (GPA Article XII:4(b))XII:4(b))

55

Exceptions from the Exceptions from the non-discrimination principlenon-discrimination principle

General exceptions General exceptions (GATT Article XX type)(GATT Article XX type)

Developing countries (S &D)Developing countries (S &D)

Negotiated derogations from Negotiated derogations from non-discrimination rulesnon-discrimination rules

66

Derogations from Derogations from non-discrimination principlenon-discrimination principle

types of exceptions from MFN types of exceptions from MFN standardstandard

country-specific exceptionscountry-specific exceptions

reciprocity provisionsreciprocity provisions

77

Derogations from Derogations from non-discrimination principlenon-discrimination principle

types of exceptions from types of exceptions from national-treatment standardnational-treatment standard

exclusion of specific products, exclusion of specific products, services or economic sectorsservices or economic sectors

set-asidesset-asides procurement from certain regions procurement from certain regions

or areasor areas otherother

88

WTO Agreement on TransparencyWTO Agreement on Transparency

Doha Ministerial (2001)Mandate, Doha Ministerial (2001)Mandate,

Negotiations to be limited to the Negotiations to be limited to the transparency and will not transparency and will not restrict the scope for countries restrict the scope for countries to give preferences to domestic to give preferences to domestic supplies and supplierssupplies and suppliers