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Sea Shield : Assured AccessSea Shield : Assured Accessin thein the

LittoralLittoral

23 October 2003

UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIED

Spirit of ‘76

CAPT Ray Spicer, N76E

Deputy for Surface Ships

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Recent Maritime Operations Highlight the Need for Assured Access in the LittoralWe Must Operate Here, and Counter Asymmetric Access-Denial Threat

Recent Maritime Operations Highlight the Need for Assured Access in the LittoralWe Must Operate Here, and Counter Asymmetric Access-Denial Threat

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Sea Shield MissionSea Shield Mission

• Assure access and sustainability

throughout the battle space

• Project robust defense

• Provide a sea-based layer for Homeland

Defense

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Sea ShieldSea ShieldPillarsPillars

Sea Shield

Sea Shield

Theater Air and Missile DefenseTheater Air and Missile Defense

Under Sea Warfare

Under Sea Warfare

Surface WarfareSurface Warfare

Force Protection

Force Protection

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Surface Warfare IssuesSurface Warfare Issues

• Over the Horizon surface threats

• Small Boat Threats

• Wide Area MIO

• Protection of MIW / EXW / CLF/

MPF-F Forces

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NM

CIWS IB (2nm)

MK 45 GUN

(6.5nm)

MK 38 (1500 yds)

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Armed Helo

Small Arms(>1000 yds)

ASCM (10nm)Wake Homing Torpedo (7nm)

RPG/Small Arms (>1000yds)

The Threat

Hellfire(4nm)

.50 Cal (1nm)

BB Round (10nm)

Threat vs. Current Capability Threat vs. Current Capability

Layered Defense is key

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Future SUW WarfightingFuture SUW Warfighting

• Dispersed force of smaller networked platforms with

distributed, unmanned sensors

• Directed-energy weapons, to provide protection both

at sea and pierside.

• 5 Inch Force Protection Projectile to increase range

and lethality

• CIWS 1B to provide inner layer defense against

small boats

• Stabilized 25mm Gun to provide more accuracy and

range

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• Mine identification and neutralization

• Neutralize submarine threats to operations in the littorals

• Provide self-defense against sub-surface threat weapons

• ‘Hold at Risk’ submarine threat throughout the theater

Under Sea Warfare IssuesUnder Sea Warfare Issues

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TF ASW Tasking

• CNO directed N6/N7 to conduct a focused ASW study to examine technology opportunities.

• Task Force ASW will provide options to the CNO for research and development, science and technology, CONOPS and training.

Goal – Technologies and CONOPS to fundamentally change ASW

CONOPS

Science & Technology

POR/Systems

- Team A – S&T and

R&D opportunities

and capabilities

- Team B – CONOPS

and Training

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Future ASW WarfightingFuture ASW Warfighting

Hold at Risk – Achieve mission denial against adversary

submarines and destroy enemy submarines at times and places of our choosing

Protected Passage – Assure access with safe transits in the face of

submarine threats

Maritime Shield– Establish and protect Sea Bases from

submarine penetration and defeat submarine attacks

Orange Naval Base

OrangeNaval Base

Hold at Risk

MaritimeShield

Clean SweepProtected Passage

SeaBase

ASW CONSTRUCT

Anti-Submarine Warfare Supremacy: Render an opposing submarine force incapable of interfering with mission accomplishment:

detect submarines anywhere,

engage submarines rapidly, and

neutralize submarine weapons.

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TakeawaysTakeaways

• Sea Shield– Concept is core to Joint Warfighting – Most critical and most challenged in the littoral

environment– ASW, MIW, SUW

• ASW– Move from mass force to mass effects

• SUW– Early detection and a layered defense is key– Stabilized 25mm fills capability gap until CIWS 1B is fully

fielded

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Backups

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Littoral Warfare IssuesLittoral Warfare Issues

• Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW)– Neutralize submarine threats to operations in the littorals– Provide self-defense against sub-surface threat weapons– ‘Hold at Risk’ submarine threat throughout the theater

• Surface Warfare (SUW)– Over the Horizon (OTH) surface threats– Swarming Small Boat Threats– Wide Area MIO– Protection of MIW / EXW / CLF/ MPF-F Forces Against Surface

Threats

• Mine Warfare (MIW)– Counter Mines From Deep to Shallow Water– Counter Minefields, Obstacles and Barriers from VSW to the Beach

Exit Zone

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Team B Current CONOPS Thoughts

“We can’t do ‘effects based ASW’- must mass force and carve out an area for Battle Force

• Time-constrained large area search problem• CPF: 130 false contacts per day*

*Consistent with Falklands ConflictVery sensor, weapon and numbers of platforms limited”

TF ASW Team A ConceptsBackground / Context

Team A Technology panel tasking - identify technology innovations so that we can mass effects not forces provide quantum improvements in ASW

capabilities seek solutions:

without reliance on force on force maximum compression of the ASW

OODA loop– highly responsive detect to engage

sequence

Distributed Fields, Tactical UAV, Rapid Attack Weapon

Decoys / Countermeasures

Mid-Term Concepts Far -Term Concepts (including systems needing further definition)Large-N, Large Area Non-acoustic Search, Long Range Stand-off Weapon, Tagging

4Draft Review Copy

Rapidly deployable, active/passive

distributed field; using reliable acoustic path (RAP) in deep water

(RAP field)

Rapidly deployable, active/passive

distributed field; using reliable acoustic path (RAP) in deep water

(RAP field)

Long-endurance, low-altitude capable,

tactical UAV with MAD/EO sensors

(LE UTUAV)

Long-endurance, low-altitude capable,

tactical UAV with MAD/EO sensors

(LE UTUAV)

Compact rapid-attack weapon

(CRAW)

Compact rapid-attack weapon

(CRAW)

Accurate (<10 sqnm), frequent datums Target confirmation

and accurate attack localization

Effective kill, compatible with UAV

Task Force ASW Integrated Mid-term Technology Concept

Integrated Technology Concept

Today - Mass Forces Tomorrow – Mass Effects

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Sea Shield CapabilitiesSea Shield Capabilities

Sea ShieldSea Shield

Theater Air and Missile DefenseTheater Air and Missile Defense

Surface WarfareSurface Warfare

Provide Self-DefenseAgainst SurfaceThreats

Provide Self-Defense Against Air and Missile Threats

Conduct Sea-Based Missile Defense

Provide Overland Air and Missile Defense

Force Protection

Force Protection

Protect Against SOF and Terrorist Threats

Mitigate Effects of CBRNE Provide Maritime Air

and Missile DefenseConduct Offensive Operations against Surface Threats

14 Capabilities

CDR Kadowaki CDR Sullivan

Under Sea Warfare

Under Sea Warfare

Neutralize Submarine Threats in the Littorals

Neutralize Open Ocean Submarine Threats

Provide Self-Defense Against Subsurface Threats

Counter Minefields from Deep to Shallow Water

Breach Minefields, Obstacles, and Barriers from Very Shallow Water to the Beach Exit Zone

Conduct Mining Operations

CDR BrennanMR Smith

LCDR Cegielski

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Sea Shield POM-06 GapsSea Shield POM-06 Gaps

1. Platform Defense Against Undersea Threats2. Platform Force Protection3. Sea Based Ballistic Missile Defense

Protect the Naval ForceProtect the Naval Force

Assure Access in Contested LittoralsAssure Access in Contested Littorals

1. MIW Capacity to Clear Large Areas2. ASW Cueing and Search3. (Excess) Maritime Air Defense Capability

Project Defensive Power Over LandProject Defensive Power Over Land

1. MIW Assault Breaching Capability

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Force Protection Projectiles

Requirements: 800 – 8,000 yards Near-term enhanced SuW capability High level interest in the program Short turnaround

At sea test Jul 03; Oct SWARMEX One-time procurement of 6000 rounds

Status: Completing Mk-160 & Mk-86 integration

HE-CVT or HE-ETHE-CVT or HE-ET

KE-ETKE-ET

CargoProjectile

Body

Aluminum Spacers

WC294Expelling Charge

MK 432 Fuze

13-Grain Tungsten Alloy

Shot Shell Pellets(~ 9000)

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5”/54 BB-round

At-sea Testing 30 July (CG-57)

Effective Range 500-8,000 yds

Procured 6000 BB-rounds (IOC Spring 04)

Twice the Lethal Area (for topside personnel) of current HE round.

Force Protection Projectiles

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Phalanx Block 1BPhalanx Block 1B

Key Capabilities• 4-5 ASM Engagements without reload• 8-10 Surface Engagements without reload• Integrated Radar & Infra-red Sensors• Increased Kill Range against advanced maneuvering ASM threats.• Autonomous or Integrated with CDS• Provides critical Low Elevation detection and

tracking data to the ships CDS

Target Mix• Anti-ship Missiles:

All Altitudes Subsonic / High Supersonic High-G Maneuvering

• Fixed-wing Aircraft• Helicopters• Surface Threats including small craft and mines.

Target Mix• Anti-ship Missiles:

All Altitudes Subsonic / High Supersonic High-G Maneuvering

• Fixed-wing Aircraft• Helicopters• Surface Threats including small craft and mines.

RF SEARCH

EO TRACK

RF TRACK

Highly effective vs Small Boat Swarm Threat

17 Mounts in Fleet, All Ships by 2011

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25mm Stabilized vs Unstabilized 25mm Stabilized vs Unstabilized

Probability of hit (16'x16' billboard)

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0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500Range (yds)

Stabilized with E/O sight & LRF (Composite of STARC 25, Typhoon, Valkyrie)

Unstabilized 25mm Mount (MK 38)

Empirical Data (Modeling)

PH

6 mounts to Fleet by Summer 2005; ramp up to 46 ships by 2007

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Purchased GOTS to close the GapPurchased GOTS to close the Gap MK38 Chain Gun (Unstabilized 25mm)

POR now suppor ts 2 guns per deployer Mk44 GAU-17 Gat ling Gun (3000 rds/min)

Delivered 90 guns Training Commands FCTC Dam Neck & FTC San Diego

Mk 95 Twin .50 cal Machine Gun Mount s (1100 rds/min) Delivered 255 mounts - 135 more on contract

Arriving 50/ month to depl oyers Mk 99 Twin M240 Machine Gun (1500 rds/min)

Increased reliabilit y over M-60 - Delivered 10 for Fleet demo Posit ive feedback - possible low-cost alternat ive to GAU-17

Small Arms Small Arms

All deployers now have 2 MK38 Chain Guns and either 2- GAU-17 or 2-Twin .50 cal machine guns