1 research guide shyh-kang jeng department of electrical engineering/ graduate institute of...
TRANSCRIPT
11
Research GuideResearch Guide
Shyh-Kang JengShyh-Kang JengDepartment of Electrical Engineering/Department of Electrical Engineering/
Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering/Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering/
Graduate Institute of Networking and MultimediaGraduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia
22
OutlineOutlineFinding Research TopicsFinding Research TopicsPlanning Research ProjectPlanning Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectPresenting and Publishing Research Presenting and Publishing Research ResultsResultsSummarySummary
33
OutlineOutlineFinding Research TopicsFinding Research TopicsPlanning Research ProjectPlanning Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectPresenting and Publishing Research Presenting and Publishing Research ResultsResultsSummarySummary
Self AssessmentSelf AssessmentKnow yourselfKnow yourself– Interests, talent, skills, Interests, talent, skills,
accomplishments, weaknessaccomplishments, weakness
Needs and trends in societyNeeds and trends in society
Career planningCareer planning– Begin with the end in mindBegin with the end in mind– 20-5-1 planning20-5-1 planning– A plan not realized is better than no A plan not realized is better than no
planningplanning44
55
Good BooksGood Books柯維柯維 (Stephen R. Covey)(Stephen R. Covey)著,顧淑馨譯,著,顧淑馨譯,《《與成功有與成功有約約》》 ((The Seven Habits The Seven Habits of Highly Effective of Highly Effective PeoplePeople)) ,天下遠見,天下遠見
西恩.柯維西恩.柯維 (Sean Covey)(Sean Covey)著,汪芸譯,著,汪芸譯,《《與青春有與青春有約約》》 ((The Seven Habits The Seven Habits of Highly Effective of Highly Effective TeensTeens)) ,天下遠見,天下遠見
BrainstormingBrainstormingWrite down as many as ideas (no Write down as many as ideas (no matter how crazy they are) you may be matter how crazy they are) you may be interested in without criticizing yourselfinterested in without criticizing yourself
Try to eliminate ideas not fit to your Try to eliminate ideas not fit to your career planning, your self assessment, career planning, your self assessment, and social needsand social needs
For the ideas left, collect more For the ideas left, collect more information to keep elimination until information to keep elimination until only about 5 areas are leftonly about 5 areas are left
66
Setting Research GoalSetting Research Goal
Collect more information and study Collect more information and study to try to narrow down the ideas such to try to narrow down the ideas such that you can create something newthat you can create something new
Assess/scale your new ideas by the Assess/scale your new ideas by the resources you haveresources you have
Arrange priority of these ideas Arrange priority of these ideas
Form your research goalForm your research goal
77
Collecting InformationCollecting InformationBooks, Magazines, Journals, TV, Web Books, Magazines, Journals, TV, Web sites, Teachers, Friends, Parents, sites, Teachers, Friends, Parents, Meetings, TalksMeetings, Talks
Theory of Concentric CirclesTheory of Concentric Circles– From new to old, near to farFrom new to old, near to far– Achievements of the LabAchievements of the Lab– Books and theses in NTU libraryBooks and theses in NTU library– Theses in National Central LibraryTheses in National Central Library– Google ScholarGoogle Scholar– Web sites of other research institutesWeb sites of other research institutes
88
99
Reference Management Reference Management Software: EndNoteSoftware: EndNote
1010
Good Books about EndNoteGood Books about EndNote
童國倫童國倫 , , 潘奕萍潘奕萍 , , 張張鼎祥鼎祥 , , 《 《 EndNote & EndNote & RefWorks RefWorks 論文與文論文與文獻寫作管理獻寫作管理》》 , , 五南五南童國倫童國倫 , , 潘奕萍潘奕萍 , , 張張鼎祥鼎祥 , , 《《研究你來做論研究你來做論文寫作交給文寫作交給 EndNote EndNote Word Word 》》 , , 五南五南
An Example of Research An Example of Research Inspired by Reading LiteraturesInspired by Reading Literatures
Inspired by an article in Scientific AmericanInspired by an article in Scientific American
A pioneering work in UWB antennasA pioneering work in UWB antennas
Cited 60 times up to 2009/7 (Google Cited 60 times up to 2009/7 (Google Scholar)Scholar)
Highly cited paper (1%) 2008Highly cited paper (1%) 2008
1111
Thinking and Learning are Thinking and Learning are Equally ImportantEqually Important
學而不思則罔,思而不學則殆學而不思則罔,思而不學則殆– Just learning without thinking leads to Just learning without thinking leads to
confusion. Just thinking without confusion. Just thinking without learning leads to danger.learning leads to danger.
– 荀子,勸學篇荀子,勸學篇 , Xun Zi (ca. , Xun Zi (ca. 312––230 BC) BC)
It is important to form your new idea It is important to form your new idea while reading the collected while reading the collected literaturesliteratures
1212
Strategy in Reading LiteraturesStrategy in Reading Literatures
Textbook reading vs. goal-oriented Textbook reading vs. goal-oriented readingreading
Browse the literature for the first timeBrowse the literature for the first time
Classification of literaturesClassification of literatures– Closely related (read and study it)Closely related (read and study it)– Roughly related (read roughly)Roughly related (read roughly)– Possibly unrelated (just know it)Possibly unrelated (just know it)– Unrelated (skip)Unrelated (skip)
1313
Can’t Understand the LiteratureCan’t Understand the Literature
Theory of laddersTheory of ladders
Key concept and key Key concept and key words that you don’t words that you don’t understandunderstand
textbooks, References, textbooks, References, wikipedia, Amazonwikipedia, Amazon
DifficultyDifficulty– Paper > monogram > bookPaper > monogram > book
1414
Entering an Unfamiliar FieldEntering an Unfamiliar FieldSplit your time for doing research project Split your time for doing research project and building up background knowledge and building up background knowledge at the same timeat the same time
Build up background knowledgeBuild up background knowledge– Collect informationCollect information– Keep research goal in mindKeep research goal in mind– Try to find a good and suitable textbook or Try to find a good and suitable textbook or
take a coursetake a course– Know what is to be studied thoroughly, and Know what is to be studied thoroughly, and
what is to be simply browsedwhat is to be simply browsed1515
Creating Something NewCreating Something NewAcademic research emphasizes Academic research emphasizes innovation (contribution)innovation (contribution)
Persuade yourself and others why Persuade yourself and others why the idea is new and useful to other the idea is new and useful to other researchersresearchers
Scale the goal to be achievable to Scale the goal to be achievable to get your degreeget your degree
Avoid “me too” researchesAvoid “me too” researches
1616
An Example of An Example of Research Topic SettingResearch Topic Setting
A pioneering work in channel modeling A pioneering work in channel modeling and base station planningand base station planning
1998 Outstanding Research Award of 1998 Outstanding Research Award of National Science Council National Science Council
Cited 49 times up to 2009/7 (Google Cited 49 times up to 2009/7 (Google Scholar) Scholar) 1717
BackgroundBackground
Channel modeling/base station Channel modeling/base station planning is important for cell phone planning is important for cell phone systems which becomes popular in systems which becomes popular in late 1990late 1990
Two approachesTwo approaches– Measurement and statistical modelMeasurement and statistical model– Site-specific modelSite-specific model
Outdoor and indoorOutdoor and indoor
1818
Previous Approach : Previous Approach : Ray-Tracing / Reception SphereRay-Tracing / Reception Sphere
1919
New Idea: SBR-ImageNew Idea: SBR-Image
2020
Sq
RSq
d
Research GoalResearch Goal
2121
2222
OutlineOutlineFinding Research TopicsFinding Research TopicsPlanning Research ProjectPlanning Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectPresenting and Publishing Research Presenting and Publishing Research ResultsResultsSummarySummary
(Invalid) Waterfall Model(Invalid) Waterfall Model
2323
CollectCollectand readand read
literaturesliteratures
Build upBuild uptheoriestheories ImplementImplement
WriteWritethesisthesis
Iterative ModelIterative Model
2424
CollectCollectand readand read
literaturesliteratures B
uild
up
Bu
ild u
pth
eorie
sth
eorie
s
ImplementImplement
P
rese
nt
Resu
lts
Pre
sen
t R
esu
lts
Basic Principles of Basic Principles of Doing WorksDoing Works
80/20 principle80/20 principle– Pareto principlePareto principle– For many events roughly 80% of the For many events roughly 80% of the
effects come from 20% of the causeseffects come from 20% of the causes– 80% of progress come from 20% of 80% of progress come from 20% of
project itemsproject items
Put first things firstPut first things first– Things I should do vs. things I like to doThings I should do vs. things I like to do
2525
Planning ResearchPlanning Research
Core/key part vs. nice to haveCore/key part vs. nice to have
Setting prioritySetting priority
Simplify the problemSimplify the problem– Legend of late Professor Y. T. LoLegend of late Professor Y. T. Lo
Starting from a simplified scenarioStarting from a simplified scenario– Learning by doingLearning by doing
Check special cases against results Check special cases against results from independent approachesfrom independent approaches
2626
2727
Fast Prototyping and EvolutionFast Prototyping and Evolution
v 0.1v 0.1
v 0.2
v 0.3
v 0.2
v 0.1
Research GoalResearch Goal
2828
Core Idea: SBR-ImageCore Idea: SBR-Image
2929
Sq
RSq
d
Version 0.1: Version 0.1: Generating Ray TubesGenerating Ray Tubes
3030
Version 0.2: Reflection from a Version 0.2: Reflection from a PEC Ground PlanePEC Ground Plane
3131
Version 0.3: Multiple Reflection Version 0.3: Multiple Reflection between PEC Planesbetween PEC Planes
3232
Sq
Version 0.4: Multiple Reflection Version 0.4: Multiple Reflection between Coated PEC Planesbetween Coated PEC Planes
3333
Version 0.5: Reflection from a Version 0.5: Reflection from a Dielectric SlabDielectric Slab
3434
Version 0.6: DiffractionVersion 0.6: Diffraction
3535
Version 0.7: Room with Single Version 0.7: Room with Single ClosetCloset
3636
Version 1.0: Room with Multiple Version 1.0: Room with Multiple ClosetsClosets
3737
3838
OutlineOutlineFinding Research TopicsFinding Research TopicsPlanningPlanning ResearchResearch ProjectProjectConducting Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectPresenting and Publishing Research Presenting and Publishing Research ResultsResultsSummarySummary
3939
Quadrant II Quadrant II Time ManagementTime Management
Urgent
Important
III
III IV
Not Urgent
Not Important
Batch vs. Time-SharingBatch vs. Time-Sharing
Batch systemBatch system– If A is not finished, I can not start BIf A is not finished, I can not start B– Prepare your exam in just one nightPrepare your exam in just one night
Time-sharingTime-sharing– Do multiple tasks at the same timeDo multiple tasks at the same time– Bookkeeping systemBookkeeping system
A research project can not be finished A research project can not be finished in a very short periodin a very short period– 10~40 hours/week is reasonable10~40 hours/week is reasonable
4040
Batch vs. Time-SharingBatch vs. Time-Sharing
4141
Recording Your ResearchRecording Your ResearchUse research notes to write down Use research notes to write down everything about your topiceverything about your topic
Prepare Power Point slides for Prepare Power Point slides for important literatures or stable resultsimportant literatures or stable results
Report your progress periodicallyReport your progress periodically– Power point file (group meeting)Power point file (group meeting)– Brief summary (every semester)Brief summary (every semester)
Final resultsFinal results– Thesis, PPT file for oral examThesis, PPT file for oral exam
4242
Example of Research NotesExample of Research Notes
4343
4444
Example of Research NotesExample of Research Notes
Verification, Comparison, Verification, Comparison, ExplanationExplanation
VerificationVerification– Power of evidencePower of evidence– Reliability of your Reliability of your
contributioncontribution
ComparisonComparison– Value of your contributionValue of your contribution
Knowledge comes from Knowledge comes from comparison and comparison and explanation explanation
4545
Verification, Comparison, Verification, Comparison, ExplanationExplanation
Check special cases against results Check special cases against results from independent approachesfrom independent approaches– Compare accuracies, efficiencies, or Compare accuracies, efficiencies, or
other measurable performancesother measurable performances– Explain the differencesExplain the differences
For the innovated partsFor the innovated parts– Check if the results are expected and Check if the results are expected and
explain the differencesexplain the differences– Parametric study, trend analysisParametric study, trend analysis
4646
Version 0.4: Multiple Reflection Version 0.4: Multiple Reflection between Coated PEC Planesbetween Coated PEC Planes
4747
Version 0.7: Room with ClosetVersion 0.7: Room with Closet
4848
Room with ClosetRoom with Closet
4949
Version 1.0: Room with Multiple Version 1.0: Room with Multiple ClosetsClosets
5050
Room with Multiple ClosetsRoom with Multiple Closets
5151
Example of Parametric Study:Example of Parametric Study:Ma and Jeng, 2005Ma and Jeng, 2005
5252
DebuggingDebugging
Search for comparable special casesSearch for comparable special cases
Start debugging from the point Start debugging from the point where things agreewhere things agree
Incremental debuggingIncremental debugging– e.g., add diffractione.g., add diffraction
Decremental debuggingDecremental debugging– e.g., remove diffractione.g., remove diffraction
5353
What can you think and do What can you think and do when results do not check?when results do not check?
Is it a key/core problem?Is it a key/core problem?
Is there anybody else who has similar Is there anybody else who has similar problems before?problems before?– Search for literatures in same/different fieldsSearch for literatures in same/different fields
Ask for the help of friends/advisors/other Ask for the help of friends/advisors/other researchersresearchers
Writing emails to authorsWriting emails to authors
Can we try different approaches or Can we try different approaches or bypass the problem?bypass the problem?
5454
It doesn’t work!It doesn’t work!Find the reason Find the reason – Is the difficulty possible to be eliminated Is the difficulty possible to be eliminated
in the near future?in the near future?– Find the range that you can handleFind the range that you can handle– Can we modify the problem?Can we modify the problem?
Risks of failureRisks of failure– InevitableInevitable– Legend of EdisonLegend of Edison– A research failed still has its contributionsA research failed still has its contributions
5555
5656
OutlineOutlineFinding Research TopicsFinding Research TopicsPlanning Research ProjectPlanning Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectPresenting and Publishing Research Presenting and Publishing Research ResultsResultsSummarySummary
Publishing and Presenting Publishing and Presenting Research ResultsResearch Results
The goal of research is to find The goal of research is to find something new and useful to other something new and useful to other peoplepeople
Results must be published for someone Results must be published for someone else to use themelse to use them
Thesis, journal, conference,Thesis, journal, conference,
webweb
Attending conferencesAttending conferences– Financial aidFinancial aid
5757
Judging a ContributionJudging a Contribution
NoveltyNovelty
ReliabilityReliability
CompletenessCompleteness
Range of possible applicationsRange of possible applications
5858
Preparing a PresentationPreparing a Presentation
If you can If you can show just 1~3 show just 1~3 slides . . .slides . . .
Tree structureTree structure
Magic number Magic number 77
5959
Writing a Paper/ThesisWriting a Paper/Thesis
Running titleRunning title
BrainstormingBrainstorming
Identify key ideasIdentify key ideas
OutlineOutline
Start writingStart writing
In general 3-4 weeks are required to In general 3-4 weeks are required to revise your paper/thesisrevise your paper/thesis
6060
6161
OutlineOutlineFinding Research TopicsFinding Research TopicsPlanning Research ProjectPlanning Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectConducting Research ProjectPresenting and Publishing Research Presenting and Publishing Research ResultsResultsSummarySummary
SummarySummaryFind a topic fitting your interest and Find a topic fitting your interest and career planningcareer planning
80/20 principle, put first things first, 80/20 principle, put first things first, quadrant II Time managementquadrant II Time management
Prototyping and evolutionPrototyping and evolution
Work by time-sharing, not in batchWork by time-sharing, not in batch
Keep records for your researchKeep records for your research
Verification, Comparison, ExplanationVerification, Comparison, Explanation
Publish and present your resultsPublish and present your results6262