1 reading and understanding a medicine leaflet by adolescent consumers and its determinants siriporn...
TRANSCRIPT
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Reading and Understanding a
Medicine Leaflet by Adolescent Co
nsumers and Its Determinants
Siriporn Burapadaja
Busabong Jamreondararasame
Jaratbhan Sanguansermsri
Faculty of Pharmacy Chiang Mai University
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PROBLEM STATEMENT
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Importance to study
• There is an increase of medication• There are still problems of inappropriate
medication • A problem is that consumers have little
information• A leaflet is an official source of information• Reading and understanding a leaflet is a
way to obtain information
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Advantages of reading and understanding of a leaflet
• Increasing compliance
• Increasing awareness of possible adverse actions
• Improving knowledge
• Preventing drug-related problems
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Study questions
• Do consumers read and understand
a leaflet?
• What are the factors affecting the
consumer’s reading and
understanding a leaflet ?
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OBJECTIVE
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To determine if consumers read
and understand leaflets about medi
cines, and the factors
affecting a consumer’s reading and
understanding of a leaflet
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DESIGN
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Phase A Leaflet Content
Design: Cross-sectional design
Population: “Dangerous medicines”
Community pharmacy
Sampling: Purposive sampling (n=154)
Analysis: Content analysis
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WHO Guideline of the Information for a Leaflet
Medicine name Precaution
Composition Contraindication
Indication Adverse effect
Dosage Specific warning
Property Storage condition
Duration of treatment
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Phase B Consumer’s reading
Design: Cross-sectional design
Population: University freshmen
Sampling: Systematic sampling
(n=348)
Tool: A questionnaire
Analysis: Path analysis
•
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Theory: Social Cognitive
Variables: Attitude
Belief
Personal influence
Availability
Access
Content barrier
Self-efficacy
Reading a leaflet
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Phase C Consumer’s understanding
Design: A two-group experiment
An original leaflet :
A leaflet was selected from the sample based on
-separating from its label
-having one composition
-having at least 9 topics
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A new leaflet was developed by using
the same content but different design
Criteria for easily understood leaflet:
Using simple words
Emphasizing critical words
Separating sentence into items
Putting content in order
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A 24-item Test
• A test for content understanding
• This test covered the leaflet content
• It had 24 items
• Each item had three choices
• A correct choice was given a score
• The total possible score was 24
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Original New
Group 1 Group 2
A 24-item test of understanding
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RESULTS
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Phase A
Presence of topic
Topic % leaflet
Dosage 99.3
Name 97.4
Indication 96.7
Composition 59.7
Specific warning 43.5
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Topic % leaflet
Precaution 40.2
Property 39.6
Duration 33.1
Contraindication 29.9
Adverse effect 25.3
Storage condition 20.8
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1Almost all leaflets contained less information than that suggested by WHO
2 There were technical terms that might be difficult to understand
3 A separate leaflet would have more information
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Phase B
1 Percentage of reading
17.5%
82.5%
Regular reading
Irregular reading
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2 Factors affecting the reading
2.1 Direct factors
Access to a leaflet Self-efficacy to read a leaflet
2.2 Indirect factors (via self-efficacy)
Content difficult to understand
Access to a leaflet
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57%
76%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Group 1(original form)Group 2 (newform)
Group 1 Group 2
Phase CUnderstanding level and a relevant factor
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CONCLUSIONS
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Most consumers seldom read a leafletregularly when buying or taking
a medicine because of little access to it and low self-efficacy to read
difficult content
The consumer’s understanding of a leaflet was unsatisfactory
because of content difficult to understand
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There were shortages of leafletLittle access to a leafletContent difficult to understandInsufficient information
These shortages should be improved in order that consumers could read and understand a leaflet
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Reasons to improve the leaflets
• To empower consumers in caring for their medication and health
• To provide more access to information on medication
• To create a supportive leaflet• To guarantee health care provision
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SUGGESTIONS
• A leaflet should be separate from its label
• A leaflet should be understandable by passing a test of understanding
• Like a label, a leaflet should have a standard information for consumers
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Thank you
for your attention