1 qw qwater llc. proprietary trade secrets rotary dreams

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Qwater LLC. Proprietary Trade Secrets

Rotary Dreams

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How Water is Cleaned UpQ Every Drop has been used by a human 10

times.Q No telling how many times by animals,

plants and insects.Q Almost every virus, bacteria, and element

has been in, or touching this waterQ We stay the wet planet because the water

is contnuously recycling and cleaning

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The Simplified Water Cycle

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The Present-day Surface Hydrologic Cycle

The numbers in parentheses refer to volumes of water in millions of cubic kilometers, and the fluxes adjacent to the arrows are in millions of cubic kilometers of water per year.

Surface Hydrologic Cycle

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Water Scarcity Map 2005

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The Need to Supplement

Q Man’s role in destroying the Systemw Pollution-Acid Rainw Pavingw Erosionw Overuse

Q Increasing PopulationQ Each Country needs to be a Complete

SystemQ Wars, Poverty and DroughtQ Green Cross International

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Problems Close to Home

• While the US has plenty of water, it is often not where we need it.

• Our Rivers and Aquifers are Drying up• We have the money to solve the

problems, but Mexico does not.• Problems between states and political

groups are already cropping up. (the pun is intended as Farmers are losing out)

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How Natural Clean-up Works

Q The Water CycleQ CondensationQ FreezingQ Melting

Q MarshesQ PercolationQ AerationQ Ultrasound??Q Ultraviolet??

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Raindrops

A drop falling on a water surface can create a bubble whose oscillations are audible as the sound of rain. Frames (a)-(j) show the

progression of the bubble evolution; the emitted sound is plotted on the right in each frame. The drop diameter is 3 mm, and its velocity at impact is 2 m/s. No sound or bubble is produced at drop impact (b). The bubble first appears in (g), just as sound emission sets in. (From A. Prosperetti, L. A. Crum, H. C. Pumphrey, Journal of Geophysical Research 94, 3255, 1989.)

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Water Disturbance

Air entrainment in an 11-cm-diameter cylinder partially filled with a water-glycerol mixture and shaken at resonance frequency (8.1 Hz).[i] The air-liquid interface is dark in these pictures due to the light reflection. After many oscillations, the elevated fluid mass in the center of the cylinder has enough kinetic energy to form a void when falling down (a-d). The cavity is then pinched off (e-g), leaving behind a stream of microbubbles. Upward and downward jets develop (h-i). The upward jet eventually shoots fluid into the air, and the downward jet pierces the big cavity (j-o). (Movie taken by Marijn Sandtke, physics of fluids group, University of Twente.) [i] 5. B. W. Zeff, B. Kleber, J. Fineberg, D. P. Lathrop, Nature 403, 401 (2000).

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Cavitating bubbles generated by a fast ship propeller. Such bubbles can damage the propeller when they collapse next to it. (Photo by G. Kuiper, Marin, the Netherlands.)

Mechanical Cavitation

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ShrimpFrames taken every 0.5 ms from a high-speed video recording capture the claw closure of a snapping shrimp. A fast water jet is emitted and generates cavitation. In the last frame, the bubble has collapsed; only microbubbles remain.

The measured and calculated bubble radius. The points are the measured data; the solid line shows assumed pressure reduction P(t) due to the jet.

The corresponding sound emission Ps from the bubble, calculated from equation 3.

The measured sound emission. (Adapted from ref. 9.)

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Other Ways Cavitation is Produced

• Waterfalls• Waves • Volcano’s-Thermal• Thunder and

Lightening• Plate Movement• Noise-Trumpet• Transducers• Lots of ways to

produce ultrasound

Cloud of Bubbles Produced by a Wave

Ultrasound produced by Trumpet >20,000

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Electromagnetic Spectrum

Ultrasound

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Visible Light Electromagnetic Spectrum

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The Sun’s Role

• Visible Spectrum• Ultraviolet• Infrared• Gamma Rays• Sunspots• Steam• Heating and Cooling

– Evaporation– Condensation

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The Water Cycles Role

• The combination of evaporation, condensation, ice formation, rain, percolation, aeration, and all of the other ingredients provide the most cleaning and sterilizing of water.

• Man has to supplement this process as population grows.

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Wastewater Treatment

• One of the cheapest ways to have more water available is to treat waste water.

• It is required to maintain the environment• It is required by other participants in the

water flow.• It usually has known problems•

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Orange County Example

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Polluted Water Treatment

• Oil, PCB’s, gasoline additives and radiation all spoil some water, some for long periods of time.

• Plants and Animals are also impacted• Often involves huge amounts of water in

difficult places.• A low-cost solution could include

cavitation via ultrasound

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Ocean Water Treatment

• Desalination-expensive and only practical for cities on the coast.

• Many poor countries will never be able to afford the process or the transportation.

• Much of our lake water and aquifer water is now becoming salty due to improper casing and capping of oil wells.

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Overuse of Resources

• Aral Sea-Now produces toxic dust• Ogallala Aquifer-Wells are deeper and

there is more turbidity• Rio Grande-Entire ecosystem endangered

due to over use-No water reaches the gulf and the estuaries are dying.

• Salton Sea-Now a water source for San Diego, drying up and promising to become the next Aral Sea.

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The Shrinking Aral Sea

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Death and Illness due to Water

Global Morbidity Related to Water3.34 Billion Total per Year- Mid 1990's

Bancroftian Filariasis 1%

Dengue Fever 0%

Malaria6.64% Trachoma 2%

Dracunculiasis 0%

Schistosomiasis 3%

Poliomyelitis0.00%

Trypanosomiasis0.00%

Intestinal Helminths (people infected) 25%

Illness caused by Bad water

55%

Diarrheal Diseases 17%

Onchocerciasis (people infected; 270,000 blind)

0.29%

Population Without Illness caused by Water

44.54%

Source: "The World’s Water." Data from World Health Organization, 1995, "Community Water Supply and Sanitation: Needs, Challenges and Health Objectives." 48th World Health Assembly, A48/INF.DOC./2,28 April, Geneva, Switzerland

World Population 6.027 Billion

Estimates of Global Mortality of Water-Related Diseases (early 1990s) 5.29 million per year

(10 Deaths per Minute)

Diarrheal Diseases62.38%

Intestinal Helminths (people infected) 1.89%

Schistosomiasis (people infected) 3.78%

Trypanosomiasis2.46%

Malaria28.36%

Trachoma (active cases) 0.00%

Dracunculiasis (in 1996) 0.00%

Poliomyelitis0.00%

Onchocerciasis (people infected; 270,000 blind)

0.76%

Bancroftian Filariasis (people infected) 0.00%

Dengue Fever0.38%

Source: "The World’s Water." Data from World Health Organization, 1995, "Community Water Supply and Sanitation: Needs, Challenges and Health Objectives." 48th World Health Assembly, A48/INF.DOC./2,28 April, Geneva, Switzerland

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Still We Have Water

• Good Enough We can Treat it to Potable Standards-in most of the world

• The Price of Obtaining and Treating is Continually Rising-

• Much of the World is Falling Behind• Standards are being Lowered• Health is being Impacted• Politics are being Impacted• Major Changes are Just Ahead

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Impact of Global Warming

• Disrupted Weather Patterns• Increased Wildfires• Glacier/Pole Loss• Rising Sea Levels

– Destruction of Water Processing Facilities– Changes in Aquifers

• Flooding and Drought• Local Impact with Regional/Global

Implications

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Desalination is Part of the Solution

• “If we could ever competitively, at a cheap rate, get freshwater from seawater, that would be in the long-range interests of humanity [and] would dwarf any other scientific advance.”

• “It can do more to raise men and women from lives of poverty than any other scientific advance.”

-John F. Kennedy

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Environment

1 qw qwater llc. proprietary trade secrets rotary dreams

Documents

locations of water

volumes of water

ocean water

ballast water

lack of clean water

lack of potable water

problems of water scarcity

absolute water scarcity