1 precision agriculture for insect and plant disease management

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Precision Agriculture for Insect and Plant Disease Management

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Purpose To use updated information that will help the

farmer make decisions to: Save Time Save money

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Insect Management Techniques

Prevention Crop rotation Resistant hosts Planting Times Planting crops to

specifically

attract problem insects

Economic Injury Level (EIL) (Pedigo, Rice, p. 255, 2006)

Is the cost of fixing the problem going to eat into your profit. EIL =Gain Threshold/ Loss per Insect x Amount of loss avoided

(Pedigo, et al p.259, 2006)

http://www.agandenvironment.com/images/topic/topic_croprotation.jpg

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Growing Degree Days “. . . a minimum temperature or threshold temperature below

which no growth or development can take place” (Berberet, Mulder, p. 7177.1, OSU Current Report)

For every day that is over 50° F, growing degree days are accumulated.

Alfalfa Weevil (Berberet, Mulder Current Report)

30 stem count of larva Height of alfalfa GDD

http://www.ipm.uiuc.edu/fieldcrops/insects/alfalfa_weevil/images/alfalfa_weevil_larva.jpg

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Insect Management Techniques Mesonet

http://okmesonet.ocs.ou.edu/ Different models to use for making decisions on when to

spray. Has growing degree days already calculated. Easy to use, and fast. Advantage to Oklahoma growers.

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Soil Sampling Knowing the soil in the field is crucial for many aspects

of farming, including insect management.

Soil Map (Berberet, 1986)

Lesser Cornstalk Borer prefers

sandy soils. Corn Root Worm prefers loam soils.

http://www.ento.okstate.edu/ddd/insects/lessercornstalkborer.htm

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Border Sprays (Berberet)

Insects can overwinter next to the field. No need to spray the whole field. Damage by grasshoppers moving in from the border of an alfalfa field.

http://alfalfa.okstate.edu/images/insects/g-hop-04.jpg

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Spraying specific areas where pests are prevalent is more efficient.

Direct Sprayers Row Banding

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Global Positioning System Can be used to determine the amount of

insect damage. Not efficient for determining the early stages

of insect infestation. May be developed for more direct use in pest

management sometime in the future.

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Disease Control in Crops

Certified Seed Resistance to disease Clean up of crop debris Crop rotation Fungicide Mesonet

(Agrios, pp. 350-351)

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Old Sprayers http://entweb.clemson.edu/pesticid/100years/B1-4.jpg

http://entweb.clemson.edu/pesticid/100years/B1-4.jpg

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Sprayers Air-Curtain Sprayer

http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/graphics/photos/apr97/k7603-1i.jpg

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Sprayers Hooded Sprayer

http://www.mda.state.mn.us/appd/ace/images/hooded.jpg

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Conclusion The use of precision in insect and plant

disease management is profitable and smart. Decisions that are based on reliable and

accurate information increases the quality of farming.

Having an open mind to new ideas and technologies can help conquer the challenges of the future.

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References Dr. Richard Berberet, OSU Entomology Department http://www3interscience.wiley.com/cgibin/fulltext/104534518/main.html.journal-article.ht Agrios, G.N. (2005). Plant pathology (5th Edition). Burlington, Massachussetts: Elsevier Academic

Press Berberet, R.C.,Peters, D.C., Wall R.G. (1986). The lesser cornstalk borer in peanuts (Bulletin B-

778). Department of Entomology Agriculture Experiment Station Division of Agriculture Oklahoma State University

Berberet, R., Mulder, P. Current report (CR-7177). Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service Pedigo, L..P., Rice, M.E. (2006). Entomology and pest management (5th Edition). Upper Saddle

River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc http://www.3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/104534518/main.html pulled 4-/5/2006 (p.5) pulled 4/5/2006 http://www.agandenvironment.com/images/topic/topic_croprotation.jpg http://www.ipm.uiuc.edu/fieldcrops/insects/alfalfa_weevil/images/alfalfa_weevil_larva.jpg http://www.mda.state.mn.us/appd/ace/images/hooded.jpg http://www.ento.okstate.edu/ddd/insects/lessercornstalkborer.htm http://alfalfa.okstate.edu/images/insects/g-hop-04.jpg http://okmesonet.ocs.ou.edu http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/graphics/photos/apr97/k7603-1i.jpg http://entweb.clemson.edu/pesticid/100years/B1-4.jpg

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1 precision agriculture for insect and plant disease management

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