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PHY 3903 version 2003

Gary W. Slater 3.oct.2003

gslater@science.uottawa.ca

613-562-5800 x6775

MCD 222 week #5

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Writing = 40%– your topic = 5%*****– PRL format = 20%– seminar = 15%

Physique = 10%– www– Abstract=3%*****– scholarship$– qq petits devoirs

%%%%%%Approx.%%%%%%

Maple = 50%– 6 weeks– 5 assignments– 1 longer

problem/project– Assigments minus

worst one above 50% = 40%

– projet = 10%

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Schedule Vendredi/Friday 14:30-16:30/16:45

CUBE 202 + Vanier 061 ~ alternating: Maple/other

marker: Brent Doironbdoiron@science.uottawa.ca

2003: List=21!

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Schedule Vendredi/Friday 24 octobre = ABSENT

Project week!– I will give you the “project” on October 17

– You will have 2 weeks

– Due Oct 31

Nov 7 is the last non-seminar class– i.e., 4 classes to go after this one!

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Schedule October 3October 3

Non-Maple 3Non-Maple 3Maple 3Maple 3

October 10Maple 4

October 17Non-Maple4Maple 5

October 24Absent

October 31Non-Maple=finMaple 6 + Project

November 7Maple7=fin

November 14, 21, 28Séminaires!!!!!

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Séminaires Seminar: 8+2 min + 3 min Q

transparencies -or-PowerPoint

Will take place in the last 3 weeks of the semester

• 14, 21, 28 novembre

Le département sera invité Vous devez préparer le texte de 4 pages

format PRL pour le séminaire, et je les metterai sur le site W3

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Les séminaires8+2+3 minutes

14 novembre

Cienak : Strong nuclearforceO’Byrne : SuperfluidityM Lalonde : SonoluminescenceMiranda : Quantum CryptographyD’Eca : String TheoryCorrigan : The anthropic principle

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Les séminaires 8+2+3 minutes

21 novembre

Kelly : Space travelWong : Quantum dotsParent : Dark matterGascon : Video speed electronic paper Dumouchel : Thermonuclear synthesisPinet : Parallel computing & HPCLefebvre : L’effet Casimir

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Les séminaires 8+2+3 minutes

28 novembre

Vachon : Astronomie expérimentale Stone : Fractals J Lalonde : SNO Bertrand : C60

Meunier : Matérialisme scientifique Zhang : Wolfram’s Computational Equivalence Kamran : GUTs

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PLAN: Maple 9 Getting started (Chapters 1-4) Polynomials (Chapters 5-7, 13, 14) Functions (Chapter 8) Calculus (Chapters 9-11, 17) List, set, array (Chapter 12) Linear Algebra (Chapters 18, 19) Solving equations (Chapter 16) Graphics (Chapter 15)

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30 october – 1 november

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Assignment/Devoir Non-Maple #3 ( 17 oct, on paper) Write a NSERC scholarship application You either register with them and do this on-line, or you

print the pdf form 200 and fill it (it must be readable). Must be completed (all sections), even if you write little Do not forget the free pages Must be somewhat convincing http://www.nserc.ca/forms/formtable_e.htm

http://www.nserc.ca/forms/instructions/200/e.asp

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PGS Master’s and Doctoral Check List:

Form 200

Outline of proposed research (1 page)

Awards, Contributions and Statement (2 pages)

Support letters for location of tenure (if applicable) All official academic transcripts (undergraduate and graduate)

Appendix 1, Report on the Applicant, in a sealed envelope (two required)

Appendix 2, Departmental/University Evaluation

Signed cover page

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Physics as a profession 1. Science et vérité 2. La recherche et

sa société 3. M. Sc. & Ph. D. 4. Information 5. Publishing 6. Éthique 7. Journalism, etc.

8. PresentationFigs, tables, fits…

9. SéminairesSlides, plan, …

10. $Grants, costs…

11. CanadaOverview of the

granting agencies…

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5. Publishing Current contents

Tables of matter

Science Citation IndexWho cites who

Main physics review journalsRMP, Physics Reports, RepProgPhy, AnnRev, AmJPhys

Main physics letter journalsPRL, Europhysics, Nature, Science

Main physics research journalsPhysRev, Eur.J.Phys., Physica, JChemPhys

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Choosing a journal Readership: who should read your stuff? Reputation: PhysRevLett vs AfghanJP Availability: is it in most (e-)librairies? Impact: journals are ranked by impact

parameters based on citations New vs old journals Cost (should not be a factor, but…) Electronic search engines

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Typical steps 1. Article is submitted to ONE journal 2. Sent to 1-3 anonymous referees

• …who are given about 2-4 weeks to review it

3. Comments are sent to the authors• Accept as is• Accept with minor changes• Major changes: must be returned to referees• Reject/wrong journal

4. Authors comply or appeal

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Scientific articles0. Abstract, etc.

• Typically, <10 line abstract.• Abstracts are important for computerized

litterature searches.• Often requires special codes that specify the

subfield and allows for better classification in database (e.g., PACS)

• Date received and date accepted for priority and patent issues.

• Addresses (during the work and current) and names of all authors, plus the coordinates of the corresponding author.

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1. Introduction• History of the problem• Cites other people’s work• Describes the main issues to be investigated• Often cites 20+ references!• Presents the plan of the article• Does NOT claim:

– « first » or « new paradigm » or « revolution »– Previous work is only from the author

• May be 1-3 page long• ~0 eqs• Important to attract the attention• Hardest part to write for new researchers

because you need to see the “big picture”

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2. Methods• Chemicals, samples, etc.• Instruments• Data analysis• Note: information includes name of Cies• Software• Algorithm• Computers used (e.g., for simulations)• Warnings• Source of original data (e.g., databases)• May offer help to other researchers in the field• Can refer to previous articles iff widely available• THE READER SHOULD BE ABLE TO

REPRODUCE EVERYTHING YOU DID

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3. Results• Subsections; systematic• Error bars, units• Clear informations about each data set• Fits: indicate software and/or methodology• Axes must be scaled and labeled properly• Colour is ~not yet widely used/available• Refer to other authors/previous results

whenever possible• Avoid things like:

– “obviously”, “it is well-known that”, etc.– “it is easily shown that”, etc.

• The reader should not have to read the whole text to understand what a plot is about. The info in the figure and its legend should be enough.

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4. Discussion & Conclusion• Often together• Summarizes the results• Interprets the results• Explains discrepancies

– With previous results (especially from other groups)– With theoretical (experimental) predictions (results)

• Mentions approximations and limitations• Mentions possible sources of error• Draws the main conclusions and highlights the

findings that should impact the field• Suggests possible ways to test the results• Suggests possible (logical) next steps • Suggests applications of results

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5. Acknowledgements• Funding agencies

– or companies: this may raise ethical questions– Including scholarships

• Technical people who are not co-authors• Colleagues who reviewed the manuscript prior

to submission• People who made important scientific

suggestions • People who helped you through discussions• Help with specific techniques• Cpu time, instrument time• Host institution (if not employer)• Etc.

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6. References• In physics, does not normally include the title• Usually includes first and last page• List all authors, unless there is >6-10 or so

– Common in particle physics, genetics, etc

• Some journals allow notes, remarks• May include web sites• May include reference to preprints, personnal

communications, in press, etc.• Must cite all relevant articles, even if published

by your main competitor• Must not cite only your own work• Rarely cites non-scientific literature• May refer to author’s web site for further info

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7. Figure captions• Normally, should be rather short

– In some journals, the method section is in the captions!

• Contain all the pertinent information (self-contained)

• Can refer to eq numbers and other figures• Make sure that the axes are properly labeled

and that the caption explains the labeling if it is not trivial

• Inset figures are acceptable and should be described as well

• Definition of the symbols should be in the figure not described in words in the caption

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8. Figures and Tables• These vary widely, many journals having their

own constraints/instructions• Main problems are:

– Labels/letters/numbers are too small– Gray shades are badly reproduced– Symbols/lines are badly identified

• A full box around the graph is usually better• Colour is not used very frequently becau$e…• Make sure that the log axes are well-identified• Fits should be described carefully• High quality printers must be used

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Notes: a) the axes labels and units; b) the fit eq; c) the curvesare labeled in the plot; d) even T is given; e) loglog plot

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Notes: a) inset; b) lack of units for the y-axis; descriptivelabels on the axes.

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Notes: a) no units at all; b) the (x100) on the y-axis. The latter must be used very carefully.

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Notes: no vertical lines, units at top.

32Easy to read. No need to read the article itself.

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Publish or…

Perish!

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7. Journalism, etc. Non-traditional jobs

for physicists:JournalismMuseumFinanceBioinformaticsITLaw & patentsConsulting

Medical physicistScientific writer

or translatorR&D managementShow businessEducation softwareTraffic studiesETC…………

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Physics as a profession 1. Science et vérité 2. La recherche et

sa société 3. M. Sc. & Ph. D. 4. Information 5. Publishing 6. Éthique 7. Journalism, etc.

8. PresentationFigs, tables, fits…

9. SéminairesSlides, plan, …

10. $Grants, costs…

11. Canadagranting agencies…

12. Physicist ?

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10-11. R&D$Canada

NSERC– Natural Science and

Engineering Research Council of Canada - CRSNG

– ~$700M+/yr– grants– scholarships– “small eqp” for now

– ~20 disciplines– Peer reviewed– committee members

are not paid– average research

grant ~$35K– some project grants

are targeted with industry

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CIHRCanadian Institute

for Health Researchreplaced MRCfor medical

researchersgrants are larger

SSHRCfor humanities and

social sciencesgrants are smallerHas a problem

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OIT– Ontario Innovation

Trust– matches CFI money for

Ontario applications– ~$250M

CFI– Canadian Foundation

for Innovation– only eqp, 40% funding>$2BE.g., up to $0.5M for

new profs!!!!!!

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ORDCF– Ontario Research

and Development Fund– covers ~1/3 of operating

budgets– often linked to CFI

Canada Research Chairs– E.g., Brabec and Bao in physics– 2000 chairs over 5 yrs = prestigious– Note: NSERC also has chairs, UofO too

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NaTech– Quebec– grants, scholarships

• scholarships can be used at the UofO

– includes group grants

VRQ– Quebec– a bit like ORDCF

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NCE– Networks of Centres of

Excellence– federal– covers several topics– long term funding– E.g., @UofO

• Stroke• Stem cells

OCE– Ontario Centres of

Excellence– a bit like NCEs– there are 4

• .e.g, MMO

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Steacie & Killam– “bourses” pour les meilleurs chercheurs

universitaires canadiens– Libèrent les chercheurs de leurs responsabilités

académiques (administration wet enseignement) pour jusqu’à 2 ans = recherche seulement!

CIAR (Canadian Inst. for Advanced Res)– Selected topics– The best

Sabbatical leaves– UofO: 12.5%/year– For research

PREAOntario. $150,000 to the best new profs

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Typical expenses Grad student:

~$10-22K/yr

PDF~$30-40K/yr

Technicians Eqp

$1K-$150Klarger through

groups, CFI, etc

Conferences~$2K/person

Other expensesbooks @ $100/eachphotocopiesfax, etctapes, computers…Office consumableschemicalsrepairsetc.