1

Pertemuan 24Developing Leadership Skills

Matakuliah : MPG09344-010 / Leadership and Organisation

Tahun : 2005

Versi : versi/revisi 0

2

Learning Outcomes

After studying this chapter students should be able to:• Understand the importance of leadership training and development

in organisations.• Understand how to use coaching, mentoring, action learning,

special assignments, simulations, and 360-degree feedback.• Understand the benefits and limitations of the primary methods for

leadership training and development.• Understand the findings in research conducted to evaluate the

methods.• Understand the organisational conditions that facilitate leadership

training and development.• Understand what leaders can do to encourage and facilitate the

leadership development of their subordinates.• Understand what leaders can do to develop their own skills.• Understand why leader development should be integrated with

human resource management and strategic planning.

3

Outline Materi

• Leadership Training Programs• Designing Effective Training• Special Techniques for Leadership Training • Learning from Experience• Developmental Activities• Self-Help Activities• Facilitating Conditions for Leadership Development• A System Perspective on Leadership Development• Summary• Review and Discussion Questions• Cases

4

Developing Leadership Skills

5

Leadership Development

• Three different forms of leadership development have been identified:– Formal training– Developmental activities– Self-help activities

6

Leadership Training Programs

• To improve leadership in organizations

• Usually designed more for lower- and middle- level managers than for top management– Short workshops– Comprehensive programs

7

8

Tom Stevens’ leadership development processes help leaders accelerate five dimensions of leadership: •The role of being in charge•The role of expert or professional•The act of leading•The art of managing•Personality, personal strength, and character

9

Designing effective training

• Clear learning objectives

• Clear, meaningful content

• Appropriate sequencing of content

• Appropriate mix of training methods

• Opportunity for active practice

• Relevant, timely feedback

• Enhancement of trainee self-confidence

• Appropriate follow-up activities

10

Special techniques for leadership training

• Behavior role modeling– Demonstration– Role playing

• Case discussion– Description of events in an organization

• Business games and simulations– Analyzing complex problems and make

decisions– Receiving feedback about what happened as

a result of their decisions

11

Learning from experience

• Amount of challenge– Unusual problems to solve– Difficult obstacles to overcome– Risky decisions to make

• Variety of tasks or assignment– Diverse job experiences require managers to

adapt to new situations and deal with new types of problems

• Relevant feedback

12

Developmental Activities

• Multisource feedback

LeaderSelf-Ratings

Ratings by bosses

Ratings by peers

Ratings by outsiders

Ratings by subordinates

13

• Developmental assessment centers

• Developmental assignments

• Job rotation programs

• Action learning

• Mentoring

• Executive coaching

• Outdoor challenge programs

• Personal growth programs

14

• Self-Help Activities– Guidelines for self-development of Leadership

Skills

• Facilitating conditions for leadership development– Support by the boss

• Before the training• After the training

– Learning climate– Developmental criteria for placement

decisions

15

A systems perspective on leadership development

• Relationship among approaches– Learning acquired from one approach can

facilitate or enhance learning from the other approaches

• Integrating developmental activities– In most organization there is little integration

of leadership training and development activities with each other or with related human resources practices such as performance appraisal, career counseling, and succession planning

16

Self-help activities

Formal training

Developmental activities

Three ways to acquire Leadership Competencies

17

Closing

• Summary– Training of leadership skills

– Learning from experience

– Developmental techniques

– Developmental activities

– Leadership development should be consistent with an organization’s strategic objectives

18

• Review and Discussion Questions

• Cases– Federated Industries

• Companion Website : Exercises and Reading