1 one dimensional motion motion along a straight line
DESCRIPTION
3 Introduction to Motion Motion is a change of position of one body with respect to another body, frame of reference, or a coordinate system. Restriction of this lecture 1.The motion is along a straight line only 2.Forces that causes motion, will not be discussed. 3.The moving object is either a particle or particle -likeTRANSCRIPT
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One dimensional Motion
Motion Along a Straight Line
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Outline
• Introduction to Motion• Position Distance and Displacement• Speed and Velocity• Acceleration• Motion with constant acceleration• Free-Fall Accerelation
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Introduction to Motion
Motion is a change of position of one body with respect to another body, frame of reference, or a coordinate system.
Restriction of this lecture
1. The motion is along a straight line only2. Forces that causes motion, will not be discussed.3. The moving object is either a particle or particle -like
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Intro. cont....
Classification of Motion
1. Kinematics kinematics does not takes into account the mass of an object and force
(Consequently, NO momentum, Work or Power to be discussed.
1. Kinetics Does
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Intro. cont....
Kinematics related Parameters
Parameter Symbol Units Position or Displacement x m Speed or Velocity v m/s Acceleration a m/s2
Time t s
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Scalar and Vector quantities
Time, Distance and speed are a scalar quantity.
Displacement, velocity and acceleration are vector quantities
Vector quantities have magnitude and direction, while scalar quantities only have magnitude.
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Position Distance and Displacement
Position is a quantity used to locate an object relative to some reference point, called origin
Displacement is a change from one position to another position
Ex. 12 XXx
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Position and Disp. cont....
Distance Displacement
1. the actual path between two points. the shortest path between two points
2. scalar vector
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Example
100m
400m
D
CB
AIn the diagram above, there are two paths from A to D. The direct path is 400 m due East from A to D and is the displacement (and the distance) of AD. The other path, which goes from A to B to C to D, is 600 m and is the distance of that particular path. However, the displacement of the second path is still 400 m due East.
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Speed and VelocityNotation
iX is the ith position relative to the origin
X is a displacement , X2 – X1
t Time interval, t2 –t1
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aveSt
ceDisTotalSpeedAverage
tan
avevtxvelocityAverage
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Instantaneous speed and velocity
dtdx
tx
tv
0lim
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Acceleration
aveatvonacceleratiAverage
dtdv
tv
ta
0lim
Instantaneous acceleration
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Constant acceleration
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Equation of motion with Constant Acceleration
v = v0 + at
x-x0 = v t + ½ at2
v2= v20 + 2a(x – x)
x – x0 = ½ (v0 + v)t
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Free FAll
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Example
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Example
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Example
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References
• http://www.learn.com• CD Physics version 2.0, Halliday, Resnick,
Walker and Christman, John Wiley & Sons, Inc