1 obedience zobedience ycompliance of person is due to perceived authority of asker yrequest is...
Post on 20-Dec-2015
224 views
TRANSCRIPT
1
Obedience
Obedience compliance of person is
due to perceived authority of asker
request is perceived as a command
Milgram interested in unquestioning obedience to orders
2
Stanley Milgram’s Studies
Basic study procedure teacher and learner
(learner always confederate)
watch learner being strapped into chair -- learner expresses concern over his “heart condition”
3
Stanley Milgram’s Studies
Teacher to another room with experimenter
Shock generator panel – 15 to 450 volts, labels “slight shock” to “XXX”
Asked to give higher shocks for every mistake learner makes
4
Stanley Milgram’s Studies
1234
5678
9101112
13141516
ShockLevel
Switch Labelsand Voltage Levels
17181920
21222324
25262728
2930
ShockLevel
Switch Labelsand Voltage Levels
“Slight Shock”15304560
“Moderate Shock”7590105120
“Strong Shock”135150165180
“Very Strong Shock”195210225240
“Intense Shock”255270285300
“Extreme Intensity Shock”315330345360
“Danger: Severe Shock”375390405420
“XXX”435450
5
Stanley Milgram’s Studies
Learner protests more and more as shock increases
Experimenter continues to request obedience even if teacher balks
120
150
300
330
“Ugh! Hey this really hurts.”
“Ugh! Experimenter! That’s all. get me out of here. I told you I had heart trouble. My heart’s starting to bother me now.”
(agonized scream) “I absolutelyrefuse to answer any more.get me out of here You can’t hold me here. Get me out.”
“(intense & prolonged agonized scream) “Let me out of here. Let me out of here. My heart’s bothering me. Let me out, I tell you…”
6
Obedience
How many people would go to the highest shock level?
65% of the subjects went to the end, even those that protested
7
Obedience
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
Slight(15-60)
Moderate(75-120)
Strong(135-180)
Verystrong
(195-240)
Intense(255-300)
Extremeintensity(315-360)
Danger:severe
(375-420)
XXX(435-450)
Shock levels in works
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
sub
jec
ts
wh
o o
be
yed
exp
eri
me
nte
r
8
Explanations for Milgram’s Results
Abnormal group of subjects? numerous replications with variety of
groups shows no supportPeople in general are sadistic?
videotapes of Milgram’s subjects show extreme distress
9
Explanations for Milgram’s Results
Authority of Yale and value of scienceExperimenter self-assurance and
acceptance of responsibilityProximity of learner and experimenterNew situation and no model of how to
behave
10Percentage of subjects administering
the maximum shock (450 volts)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Follow-Up Studies to Milgram Original study
Different building
Teacher with learner
Put hand on shock
Orders by phone
Ordinary man orders
2 teachers rebel
Teacher chooses shock level