1-must be withen normal body temperature

2-must be clear, strile ,no turbidity &no p.p.t

3-must be injected slowly I/V

A-ElectrolytesA-Electrolytes Saline solution (0.9%Nacl)→dehydrationSaline solution (0.9%Nacl)→dehydration Ringer solution(Na,K,Cl&Ca)→diarrheaRinger solution(Na,K,Cl&Ca)→diarrhea Ringer lactate solution(as ringer solution +lactate)Ringer lactate solution(as ringer solution +lactate)B-Glucose or dextrose→for energy supplyB-Glucose or dextrose→for energy supply 5%→as fluid therapy5%→as fluid therapy 10-25%→as a source of enenrgy and renal wash10-25%→as a source of enenrgy and renal wash 25-40%→in case of ketosis25-40%→in case of ketosis 50%→as diuretic in case of renal failure50%→as diuretic in case of renal failureC-AntacidsC-Antacids*NaHCo3*NaHCo3 isotonic solution (1.3%)→mild acidosisisotonic solution (1.3%)→mild acidosis hypertonic solution (5%)→sever acidosishypertonic solution (5%)→sever acidosis

D-Mixture of (2 litter of Nacl 0.9% + 1 litter of Kcl 1.1% + 1 D-Mixture of (2 litter of Nacl 0.9% + 1 litter of Kcl 1.1% + 1 litter of dextrose 5%)litter of dextrose 5%)

in case of abomasal displacement to correct the in case of abomasal displacement to correct the metabalkalosis,hypokalemia &hypoolic cloremiametabalkalosis,hypokalemia &hypoolic cloremia

E-Blood transfusion→in case of sever haemorrhageE-Blood transfusion→in case of sever haemorrhage**technique**technique1.1. the blood must be from the same species,breed&age or from the blood must be from the same species,breed&age or from

the dam if possiblethe dam if possible2.2. by 30 min. Before transfusion →inject (50-100ml) of blood by 30 min. Before transfusion →inject (50-100ml) of blood

S/C to detect the anaphylactic reactionS/C to detect the anaphylactic reaction3.3. if no reaction transfere the blood from the donar animal at rate if no reaction transfere the blood from the donar animal at rate

of 1 litter/100 kg B.wt. withen 72 hours ,collecetd on of 1 litter/100 kg B.wt. withen 72 hours ,collecetd on anticoagulant(1/4 gm sodium citrate /100 ml blood)anticoagulant(1/4 gm sodium citrate /100 ml blood)

4.4. the blood may be stored in refregerator for 3-4days &filtrated the blood may be stored in refregerator for 3-4days &filtrated by strile gauze before useby strile gauze before use