1

Motion

Introduction

2

Frozen Time

3

Frozen Time

4

Motion Diagram

5

Motion Diagram

6

Motion Diagrams

7

CO2, Mauna Loa

365

370

375

380

385

390

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

time (years)

CO

2 C

on

ce

ntr

ati

on

(p

pm

)

Linear Functions

1.Find the equation of the red trend line in the form y=mx+b, where x is years since 2000 and y is concentration of CO2 in ppm.

8

Chapter 1. Reading Quizzes

9

What is a “particle”?

A. Any part of an atomB. An object that can be represented as a mass at

a single point in spaceC. A part of a wholeD. An object that can be represented as a single

point in timeE. An object that has no top or bottom, no front or

back

10

What is a “particle”?

A. Any part of an atomB. An object that can be represented as a mass at

a single point in spaceC. A part of a wholeD. An object that can be represented as a single point

in timeE. An object that has no top or bottom, no front or

back

11

What quantities are shown on a completemotion diagram?

A. The position of the object in each frame of the film, shown as a dot

B. The average velocity vectors (found by connecting each dot in the motion diagram to the next with a vector arrow)

C. The average acceleration vectors (with one acceleration vector linking each two velocity vectors)

D. All of the above

12

What quantities are shown on a completemotion diagram?

A. The position of the object in each frame of the film, shown as a dot

B. The average velocity vectors (found by connecting each dot in the motion diagram to the next with a vector arrow)

C. The average acceleration vectors (with one acceleration vector linking each two velocity vectors)

D. All of the above

13

An acceleration vector

A.tells you how fast an object is going.B.is constructed from two velocity vectors.C.is the second derivative of the position.D.is parallel or opposite to the velocity vector.E.Acceleration vectors weren’t discussed in this

chapter.

14

An acceleration vector

A.tells you how fast an object is going.B.is constructed from two velocity vectors.C.is the second derivative of the position.D.is parallel or opposite to the velocity vector.E.Acceleration vectors weren’t discussed in this

chapter.

15

The pictorial representation of a physics problem consists of

A.a sketch.B.a coordinate system.C.symbols.D.a table of values.E.all of the above.

16

The pictorial representation of a physics problem consists of

A.a sketch.B.a coordinate system.C.symbols.D.a table of values.E.all of the above.

17

Motion Diagram Concept QuestionsMotion Diagram Concept Questions

18

Three motion diagrams are shown. Which is a dust particle settling to the floor at constant speed, which is a ball dropped from the roof of a building, and which is a descending rocket slowing to make a soft landing on Mars?

A. (a) is ball, (b) is dust, (c) is rocket

B. (a) is ball, (b) is rocket, (c) is dust

C. (a) is rocket, (b) is dust, (c) is ball

D. (a) is rocket, (b) is ball, (c) is dust

E. (a) is dust, (b) is ball, (c) is rocket

19

A. (a) is ball, (b) is dust, (c) is rocket

B. (a) is ball, (b) is rocket, (c) is dust

C. (a) is rocket, (b) is dust, (c) is ball

D. (a) is rocket, (b) is ball, (c) is dust

E. (a) is dust, (b) is ball, (c) is rocket

Three motion diagrams are shown. Which is a dust particle settling to the floor at constant speed, which is a ball dropped from the roof of a building, and which is a descending rocket slowing to make a soft landing on Mars?

20

A particle moves from position 1 to position 2 during the interval ∆t. Which vector shows the particle’s average velocity?

21

A particle moves from position 1 to position 2 during the interval ∆t. Which vector shows the particle’s average velocity?

22

A particle undergoes acceleration while moving from point 1 to point 2. Which of the choices shows the velocity vector as the object moves away from point 2?

a

v2

23

A particle undergoes acceleration while moving from point 1 to point 2. Which of the choices shows the velocity vector as the object moves away from point 2?

a

v2

24

Graphical Analysis of Motion Concept QuestionsGraphical Analysis of Motion Concept Questions

25

Which position-versus-time graph represents the motion shown in the motion diagram?

26

Which position-versus-time graph represents the motion shown in the motion diagram?

27

Which velocity-versus-time graph goes with the position-versus-time graph on the left?

28

Which velocity-versus-time graph goes with the position-versus-time graph on the left?

t

x

The graph of position versus The graph of position versus

time for a car is given below. time for a car is given below.

What can you say about the What can you say about the

velocity of the car over time?velocity of the car over time?

a) it speeds up all the time

b) it slows down all the time

c) it moves at constant velocity

d) sometimes it speeds up and

sometimes it slows down

e) not really sure

t

x

The graph of position versus The graph of position versus

time for a car is given below. time for a car is given below.

What can you say about the What can you say about the

velocity of the car over time?velocity of the car over time?

The car moves at a constant velocity

because the x vs. t plot shows a straight

line. The slope of a straight line is

constant. Remember that the slope of x

versus t is the velocity!

a) it speeds up all the time

b) it slows down all the time

c) it moves at constant velocity

d) sometimes it speeds up and

sometimes it slows down

e) not really sure

t

x

a) it speeds up all the time

b) it slows down all the time

c) it moves at constant velocity

d) sometimes it speeds up and

sometimes it slows down

e) not really sure

The graph of position vs. The graph of position vs.

time for a car is given below. time for a car is given below.

What can you say about the What can you say about the

velocity of the car over time?velocity of the car over time?

a) it speeds up all the time

b) it slows down all the time

c) it moves at constant velocity

d) sometimes it speeds up and

sometimes it slows down

e) not really sure

t

The graph of position vs. The graph of position vs.

time for a car is given below. time for a car is given below.

What can you say about the What can you say about the

velocity of the car overvelocity of the car over time? time?

The car slows down all the time

because the slope of the x vs. t graph

is diminishing as time goes on.

Remember that the slope of x vs. t is

the velocity! At large t, the value of the

position x does not change, indicating

that the car must be at rest.

x

33

Which position-versus-time graph goes with the velocity-versus-time graph at the top? The particle’s position at ti = 0 s is xi = –10 m.

34

Which position-versus-time graph goes with the velocity-versus-time graph at the top? The particle’s position at ti = 0 s is xi = –10 m.

Consider the line labeled A Consider the line labeled A

in the in the vv versus versus tt plot. How plot. How

does the does the speedspeed change change

with time for line A?with time for line A?

v

t

A

B

a) decreasesa) decreases

b) increasesb) increases

c) stays constantc) stays constant

d) increases, then decreasesd) increases, then decreases

e) decreases, then increasese) decreases, then increases

Consider the line labeled A Consider the line labeled A

in the in the vv versus versus tt plot. How plot. How

does the does the speed speed change change

with time for line A?with time for line A?

v

t

A

B

a) decreasesa) decreases

b) increasesb) increases

c) stays constantc) stays constant

d) increases, then decreasesd) increases, then decreases

e) decreases, then increasese) decreases, then increases

In case A, the initial velocity is

positive and the magnitude of

the velocity continues to

increase with time.

Consider the line labeled Consider the line labeled

B in the B in the vv versus versus tt plot. plot.

How does the How does the speedspeed

change with time for line change with time for line

B?B?

v

t

A

B

a) decreasesa) decreases

b) increasesb) increases

c) stays constantc) stays constant

d) increases, then decreasesd) increases, then decreases

e) decreases, then increasese) decreases, then increases

Consider the line labeled B Consider the line labeled B

in the in the vv versus versus tt plot. How plot. How

does the does the speed speed change change

with time for line B?with time for line B?

v

t

A

B

a) decreasesa) decreases

b) increasesb) increases

c) stays constantc) stays constant

d) increases, then decreasesd) increases, then decreases

e) decreases, then increasese) decreases, then increases

In case B, the initial velocity is positive

but the magnitude of the velocity

decreases toward zero. After this, the

magnitude increases again, but

becomes negative, indicating that the

object has changed direction.

39

Which velocity-versus-time graph or graphs goes with this acceleration-versus-time graph? The particle is initially moving to the right and eventually to the left.

40

Which velocity-versus-time graph or graphs goes with this acceleration-versus-time graph? The particle is initially moving to the right and eventually to the left.

When throwing a ball straight up, When throwing a ball straight up,

which of the following is true about which of the following is true about

its velocity its velocity vv and its acceleration and its acceleration aa

at the highest point in its path?at the highest point in its path?

a) both a) both v = 0v = 0 and and a = 0a = 0

b) b) v v 0 0, but , but a = 0a = 0

c) c) v = 0v = 0, but , but a a 0 0

d) both d) both v v 00 and and a a 0 0

e) not really suree) not really sure

y At the top, clearly v = 0 because the ball has

momentarily stopped. But the velocity of the

ball is changing, so its acceleration is definitely

not zero! Otherwise it would remain at rest!!

When throwing a ball When throwing a ball

straight up, which of the straight up, which of the

following is true about its following is true about its

velocity velocity vv and its acceleration and its acceleration aa

at the highest point in its path?at the highest point in its path?

a) both a) both v = 0v = 0 and and a = 0a = 0

b) b) v v 0 0, but , but a = 0a = 0

c) c) v = 0v = 0, but , but a a 0 0

d) both d) both v v 00 and and a a 0 0

e) not really suree) not really sure

43

The ball rolls up the ramp, then back down. Which is the correct acceleration graph?

44

The ball rolls up the ramp, then back down. Which is the correct acceleration graph?

Rubber Ball I

v

ta

v

tb

v

tc

v

td

You drop a rubber ball. Right after it leaves your hand and You drop a rubber ball. Right after it leaves your hand and

before it hits the floor, which of the above plots represents before it hits the floor, which of the above plots represents

the the v v vs.vs. t t graph for this motion? (Assume your graph for this motion? (Assume your yy-axis is -axis is

pointing up).pointing up).

Rubber Ball I

v

ta

v

tb

v

tc

v

td

You drop a rubber ball. Right after it leaves your hand You drop a rubber ball. Right after it leaves your hand

and before it hits the floor, which of the above plots and before it hits the floor, which of the above plots

represents the represents the v v vs.vs. t t graph for this motion? (Assume graph for this motion? (Assume

your your yy-axis is pointing up).-axis is pointing up).

v

td

v

tb

v

tc

v

ta

You toss a ball straight up in the air and catch it again. You toss a ball straight up in the air and catch it again.

Right after it leaves your hand and before you catch it, Right after it leaves your hand and before you catch it,

which of the above plots represents the which of the above plots represents the v v vs.vs. t t graph graph

for this motion? (Assume your for this motion? (Assume your yy-axis is pointing up).-axis is pointing up).

Rubber Ball II

v

td

v

tb

v

tc

v

ta

You toss a ball straight up in the air and catch it again. You toss a ball straight up in the air and catch it again.

Right after it leaves your hand and before you catch it, Right after it leaves your hand and before you catch it,

which of the above plots represents the which of the above plots represents the v v vs.vs. t t graph graph

for this motion? (Assume your for this motion? (Assume your yy-axis is pointing up).-axis is pointing up).

Rubber Ball II

v

ta

v

tb

v

tbv

td

You drop a very bouncy rubber ball. It falls, and then it You drop a very bouncy rubber ball. It falls, and then it

hits the floor and bounces right back up to you. Which hits the floor and bounces right back up to you. Which

of the following represents the of the following represents the v v vs.vs. t t graph graph for this for this

motion?motion?

Rubber Ball III

v

ta

v

tb

v

tbv

td

You drop a very bouncy rubber ball. It falls, and then it You drop a very bouncy rubber ball. It falls, and then it

hits the floor and bounces right back up to you. Which hits the floor and bounces right back up to you. Which

of the following represents the of the following represents the v v vs.vs. t t graph graph for this for this

motion?motion?

Rubber Ball III