1 may 2015 mechanical sciences division...

Dr. Ralph A. Anthenien Jr.Chief, Mechanical Sciences DivisionProgram Manager, Propulsion & EnergeticsArmy Research [email protected]

1 May 2015Mechanical Sciences Division Overview

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ARO Organizational StructureMechanical Sciences Division VisionResearch Programs, Thrusts, Objectives & RelevanceExample Research EffortsProgram PlanningProgram ExecutionFunding

Mechanical Sciences DivisionBriefing Outline

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Army Science and TechnologyOrganization

Research, Developmentand Engineering

Command

RDECOM

EdgewoodChem-Bio

Center

ECBC

Natick Soldier RDEC

NSRDEC

Communicationsand Electronics

RDEC

CERDEC

Tank-Automotive

RDEC

TARDEC

ArmamentRDEC

ARDEC

Aviationand Missile

RDEC

AMRDEC

ArmyResearchLaboratory

ARL

Materiel

AMC

Personnel

G-1

Medical

MEDCOM

Infrastructure/Environmental

USACE

Strategic Missile Defense

SMDC ATEC

Test &Evaluation

SOCOMSOCOM

DARPADARPAPEOs/PMsPEOs/PMs

INSCOMINSCOM

AFRLAFRLNRLNRL

DOEDOEIndustryIndustry

AcademiaAcademia

DASA(R&T)DASA(R&T)TRADOCTRADOC

ARL discovers, innovates, and transitions S&T to ensure dominant strategic land power

ARO is ARL’s principal conduit to engage the university research community

DirectorDr. Thomas Russell

DirectorDr. Thomas Russell

Survivability/ Lethality Analysis

Survivability/ Lethality Analysis

Dr. Paul TanenbaumDr. Paul Tanenbaum

Computational & Information Sciences

Computational & Information Sciences

Sensors & ElectronDevices

Sensors & ElectronDevices

Human Research & Engineering

Human Research & Engineering

Dr. Laurel AllenderDr. Laurel Allender

Deputy Director Basic Science

Director ARO

Deputy Director Basic Science

Director ARO

Vehicle Technology

Vehicle Technology

Dr. Mark ValcoDr. Mark Valco

Associate Director Plans & ProgramsAssociate Director Plans & Programs

Mr. Todd Rosenberger

Mr. Todd Rosenberger

Associate Director Laboratory Operations

Associate Director Laboratory Operations

Ms. Teresa KinesMs. Teresa Kines

Weapons &Materials Research

Weapons &Materials Research

Dr. Patrick BakerDr. Patrick BakerDr. Philip PercontiDr. Philip Perconti

Chief ScientistChief Scientist

Dr. Joseph MaitDr. Joseph Mait

Dr. John Pellegrino

Dr. David SkatrudDr. David Skatrud

Military Deputy

COL Kevin Ellison

Military Deputy

COL Kevin Ellison

Sergeant Major

Kevin Connor

Sergeant Major

Kevin Connor

U.S. Army Research Laboratory

Army Research Office

Engineering Sciences

Information Sciences

Dr. Thomas DoligalskiDr. Randy Zachery

Physical Sciences

Dr. Douglas Kiserow

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Army Contracting Command –

APG RTP Division

Special Assistant

Legal Counsel

Chief Scientist

Military Deputy

Sci

entif

ic D

ivis

ions

Physical Sciences Directorate

Director

Engineering Sciences Directorate

Operations Directorate

Network Sciences DivisionLife Sciences Division

Electronics Division

Mathematical Sciences Division

Computing Sciences Division

Mechanical Sciences Division

Materials Science Division

Physics Division

Outreach Division

Chemical Sciences Division

Information Sciences Directorate

Information Management Division

Support Management

~100 employees at RTP, NC34 PhD Program Managers

Army Research Office (ARO)Organization

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To conceive of and develop transformational research programs in Mechanical Sciences for the U.S. Army to provide the scientific foundation to create revolutionary capabilities for the future warfighter.

Mechanical Sciences DivisionVision

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Fluid Dynamics—Dr. Matthew Munson

• Dynamics of Unsteady Separated Flows1) Identify the critical physical parameters governing unsteady

boundary layer separation dynamics2) Manipulate unsteady boundary layer separation dynamics to

control flow evolution

• Dynamics of Vortex Dominated Flows1) Develop accurate and efficient prediction methodologies for near

and far field mechanisms of vortex formation, evolution and dissipation.

2) Measure and manipulate vortex dominated flows at relevant scales in novel ways.

Army Relevance: Rotorcraft maneuver performance, precision guided munitions, propulsion systems

Mechanical Sciences DivisionPrograms, Thrusts, Objectives, Army Relevance, and PMs

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Solid Mechanics—Dr. Asher Rubinstein• Modeling Mechanical Behavior of Heterogeneous Materials1) Develop multi-scale computational-analytical framework to simulate

material behavior.2) Develop physically based material models representing

heterogeneous material compositions subjected to broad loading regimes and characterizing failure initiation and development on a broad range of scales.

• Development of Experimental Methods to Investigate and Validate Material Behavior Across a Broad Scale of Loading Rates

1) Develop experimental techniques enabling insights to physical processes taking place during transitional periods of material mechanical behavior, to provide greater details of the events that could be used for future understanding and modeling of these processes

Army Relevance: Personnel protection, flexible armor, combat vehicle protection, reduced weight


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Propulsion & Energetics—Dr. Ralph Anthenien• Energetics

1) Establish quantitative physical understanding of phenomena in reaction processes in energetic materials to enable control of reaction rate and heat release rate

2) Develop methods and methodologies to enable understanding of impact dynamics and ignition processes in energetic and reactive materials

• Hydrocarbon Combustion1) Develop new approaches to combustion modeling that will

enable fully predictive large scale modeling2) Develop understanding of the reaction kinetics, chemistry and

transport processes of combustion phenomena to enable predictive ignition models at high pressures

Army Relevance: Tailorable yield & insensitive munitions; more efficient ground & air propulsion systems; fuel flexible systems


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Complex Dynamics & Systems—Dr. Samuel Stanton• Nonlinear and Nonconservative Dynamics1) Identify causal mechanisms underlying nonlinear phenomena and

instability mechanisms in high-dimensional dynamical systems2) Define and exploit relationships between geometry, information flow, and

energy in nonequilibrium dynamical systems3) Characterize novel electromechanical phenomena in mesoscopic

structures4) Control and creation of critical dynamics to engineer novel

nonequilibrium behavior and states of matter

• Morphologically Modulated Motion and Actuation1) Develop a compositional theory for the modularity of dynamical

interactions underlying locomotion and motor control.2) Develop systems principles and scaling relationships to enable synthetic

emulation of biological force generation.3) Develop principles for shaping the behavior of underactuated systems

and emulating soft active matter pertaining to: 1) Muscle’s energetic versatility in dynamic operating conditions 2) Frameworks for controlling hyperelastic matter3) Morphologically modulated information processing and energetics

Army Relevance: Predictive understanding of dynamic interactions in future Army vehicles, robotics agility & maneuver

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New Advances in Printing Soft, Biocompatible Materials

3D Printed

Quantum Dot

LEDs

3D Printed

Semiconducting

Nanomaterials

Post-2012: Army and DoD supported research at Princeton introduced new capabilities to print

semiconducting nanomaterials on conformal surfaces

• Opening new doors for taking the best of electronic and biological materials

3D Printed

bionic ear can

“hear”

electromagnetic

signals

3D Printed,

biocompatible,

nerve

regeneration

pathways

Electronics:

• Two dimensional

• Hard, rigid, brittle

• High processing temps

Biology:

• Three dimensional

• Soft, flexible, stretchable

• Temperature sensitive

Prof Michael McAlpine, Princeton University, SI, $370k, 48 Mo., 4th year

Buckled Piezoelectric Nanoribbons: Morphology, Nanomechanics, and Flexoelectricity

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− Newly discovered capability to simultaneously store and dissipate to the

same degree; resilient over 3 orders of magnitude in frequency and 2 orders

of magnitude in strain

− Properties never seen in any other active matter such as bacteria films or

liquid crystals

− Could lead to principles and algorithms for synthetic materials capable of

actively reconfiguring in response to external forces with no centralized

control

Discovering and Engineering Energetic Versatility in Soft Active Matter

− Elucidating biophysical principles to enable novel capabilities for emulating

muscle’s capability to simultaneously generate, store, dissipate, and

transfer energy in dynamic operating conditions

− Printing active gels and contractile lattices

Prof David Hu, Georgia Tech, SI, $489k, 36 Mo., 2nd year

Nonequilibrium physics of dynamically entangled fire-ant ensembles

Prof Thomas Daniel, Univ of Washington, SI, $1,528k, 52 Mo., 2nd year

Energetic Versatility of Muscle: Principles and Emulation

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Future Directions Exploiting 3D Printing in ARO CD&S Program

• Continued research in printing nonequilibrium

active matter/gels for actuation and dynamic, field-

programmable morphologies

• Engineering Dynamic Skin: enabling dynamic

pattern formation and reconfiguration in textured

and colored camouflage

• Engineer Biological Plasticity: Material systems that

get stronger in response to stress (e.g. muscle) or

autonomously configure and reinforce new

connections (i.e. emulate neuroplasticity)

• Soft, active, and reconfigurable meta-materials

• Enabling breakthroughs for true “soft” robotics

• Chemo-mechanical actuation and distributed power

• From Energetic Versatility to Information Versatility

− Morphological computation: out-source

control, sensing, and computation to the

material mechanics and system dynamics

(e.g. preflex vs. sensory feedback)

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ArmyOperational

Needs

ScientificOpportunities

RequirementsGeneration

Research Strategy Planning

TopicFormation

ProposalSolicitation

ProposalEvaluation

ProgramExecution

ProgramAssessment

TRADOCArmy S&T Master PlanARCIC Lines of EffortARL Technology

Planning WorkshopsArmy Advisory BoardsArmy S&Es

Workshops, conferences, discussions with PIs, literature, MECOG

Scientific opportunity Potential Army impact

BAADiscussionsWhite papers

Army S&E and peer reviewSelection on quality and relevanceSC/SL participation

Formal external feedbackBOV, Army BRR

Army RelevantTechnology

Program PlanningInvestment Strategy

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Evaluate scientific merit,Army relevance, desired

participation: SC/SL

Funding decision is based on balancing

needs and opportunities, program portfolio, Army objectives

Proposal Evaluation and Selection

Development of Ideas

White Papers

Receive Proposals

Science Peer Review Army Lab/RDECReview

Analysis of Evaluations

PM Recommendation Management Assessment

Evaluate scientific merit

Evaluate fit to program goals and quality of proposal

PM interactions with potential PIs

Scores/comments of Army and external reviewers are assessed

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PM works with PI and SCs/SLsto determine next step

PM and SCs/SLs maintain awareness of progress PM communicates results,

transition opportunities, and breakthroughs to interested DoD S&Es

PM facilitates interactions with DoD S&Es and other PIs

Grant is Awarded

ARO PM Monitors Program with SC/SLs

Discussions via Phone, Email,

and at Conferences

Grant Ends

Site Visits andCollaborations

Annual Progress Reports, Manuscripts

Leverage external funding to pursue interesting/promising

results

Proposal Monitoring

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Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) Awards

Single investigator awards ~$140k/year for 3–5 years

Conference / symposium / workshop grants ~$5k–30k for <12 months

Short Term Innovative Research (STIR)$50k for 9 months

Young Investigator Program (YIP) $120k/year for 3 years (increased for FY15, $50k/year for 3 years

previously)

Broad Agency Announcement Awards

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Other Announcements Based on BAA Descriptions

Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) $200k/year for 5 years

Defense University Research Instrumentation Program (DURIP)~$125k for 12 months (Varies ~$60k-$200k typically)

High School / Undergraduate Research Apprenticeship Programs (HSAP/URAP)$3k/student (up to two) for 3 months concurrent with existing proposal

Programs for Minority Institutions (MI)Historically Black College/University and Minority Institutions (HBCU/MI)

~$120k/yr for 3 years (similar to SI, cost shared with core program)DoD Research and Educational Program (REP) for HBCU/MI

$500K total for 3 years (Varies year to year)Partnership in Research Transition (PIRT) Program

$2.5M total for 5 years

Other Awards Based onBroad Agency Announcement

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Other Announcements (Targeted/specific topics)

Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI)$1.25M/year for 3 years plus option for 2 years

Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR)$150k for 6 months → $50k for 4 months → $1M total for 2 years

Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR)$100k for 6 months → $750k total for 2 years

Externally Funded Programs (e.g., DARPA)Varies in funding level and time

Other Non-BAA Awards

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Funding Source FY13 ($K)

FY14 ($K)

# FY14 Awards

# FY14 Active

Single Investigator (BH57) 5,337 5,792 59 86

Other BH57 (Conf., STIR, YIP) 474 883 19 25

MURI 2,158 2,213 2 4

PECASE - 200 1 1

DURIP 1,122 1,452 9 17

MI (HBCU/MI, PIRT, REP) 1,354 660 2 15

SBIR/STTR 150 - - -

Other Army 712 466 2 4

DARPA 6,084 7,827 3 6

Other DoD 183 34 - -

Total 17,574 19,527 97 158

Mechanical Sciences Division Budget All Sources

Average 12 month SI research grant size: $127K

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DHS + DoE + DoC + NSF

16%

NASA56%

DoD28%

Mechanical SciencesNational Basic Research Perspective

National Perspective (FY12) DoD (FY12)$558 M $146 M

Army26%

Navy23%

Air Force51%

Source: Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 2012, 2013, and 2014, NSF

1 may 2015 mechanical sciences division...

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