1. malay world_ malay_ malayness. ppt

7/25/2019 1. Malay World_ Malay_ Malayness. Ppt

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MS1102E: Malays - Tradition, Conflict and Change

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1. Malay World, Malay

and Malayness

Geography, History,

Structures and Worldviews


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Purpose of Lecture

Outlining, identifying, uncovering

! "road picture of the origin of #Malay World$,#Malay$ and #Malayness$ as concepts andpeople through

GeographyHistoryStructuresWorldviews


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Population classi%ed&for'ally or infor'ally(as #Malay$

Southeast Asia

Malaysia ) 1* 'illion

+ndonesia ) 'illion

Southern -hailand ) 1. 'illion

Singapore ) /0,

2runei ) ,

Elsewhere

SriLan3a ) ,

South !frica 4 15


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What deter'ines "eing a

#Malay$6 Language? Malay as lingua franca rather than spo3en "y one group of people

7ape Malays spea3 !fri3aans

Sri Lan3a Malays spea3 Sinhala

Religion?

8ilipinos also Malays "ut 7hristians

2ata3s also refer to the'selves as Malays

Only in Malaysia 9 Singapore, Malay : +sla'

Custom?

Largely court culture that is distinctive

Other cultural practices si'ilar to other Southeast !sians


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Singapore Malays

https;;youtu."e;rrc=e/?@


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https://youtu.be/zYRrrcYe6NUhttps://youtu.be/zYRrrcYe6NU


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GeographySpace, "oundaries and li'its


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+s there a physical Malay

World6 Geographical eAploration

!lfred Wallace, 15/B

Social geographical 'apping

GeoCrey 2enDa'in, */ &see Milner,7h.1, p. 0(


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!lfred >ussell Wallace &1B5/( TheMalay Archipelago: The Land of theOrang-Utan and the Bird of Paradise.

Singapore OAford @niversity Press.E150F ) 15/*

8il', The Forgotten Voyage, 227

https;;youtu."e;1eI/Jadod!6t:051


8
https://youtu.be/Z1eQ6DadodA?t=581https://youtu.be/Z1eQ6DadodA?t=581https://youtu.be/Z1eQ6DadodA?t=581https://youtu.be/Z1eQ6DadodA?t=581


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-he Malay !rchipelago

K.."etween !sia and !ustralia a nu'"erof large and s'all islands, for'ing a

connected group distinct fro' thosegreat 'asses of land, and having littleconnection with either of the'.&Wallace p.1(


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!lfred Wallace$s Dourney


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>ace;People

K+t is inha"ited "y a peculiar andinteresting race of 'an3ind ) the Malay,found nowhere "eyond the li'its of thisinsular tract, which has since "eenna'ed the Malay !rchipelago. &Wallacep.1(


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GeoCrey 2enDa'in

K+sth'ian -hailand, Peninsular Malaysia,Singapore, the central east4coast parts of

Su'atra, and 'uch of coastal northern,western and southern 2orneo, 2runei,parts of Malaysian Sarawa3, and parts of+ndonesian Nali'antan &cited in Milner,7h. 1, p. 0(


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History'pires, Ningdo's, Sultanates


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+s there an ancestry of

Malay people6

SriviDaya e'pire ) / 7

&centre Pale'"ang, southSu'atra(

Malacca 3ingdo' ) 10th7


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Atent of SriviDaya 'pire

Southeast Su'atra to MalayPeninsula to parts of ava

7apital 'oved fro' Pale'"ang toa'"i

Split into three states )Pale'"ang, a'"i, -e'ase3.


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1/


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What ca'e after SriviDaya6

Jescendants of local settlers and rulersQed to several new centres

Minang3a"au highlands in West Su'atra&later they colonised south4western part ofthe Malay peninsula )?egri Se'"ilan(

7oastal settlers of Pale'"ang Qed to-e'ase3

8ro' -e'ase3 they founded Malacca


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MalaccaSultanate

15th 16th

Century


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Malacca under successive line of

rulers &1Fs to 1011(

Golden age of Malacca controlledPahang, +ndragiri and Na'par

Malacca spawnedsuccessiveruling centres

Sultan Mansor Shah$soCsprings "eca'e rulers ofSelangor, Pahang and Pera3


2

*


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StructuresPolities, feudal orders, trade, 'ariti'e prowess


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+s there a Malay Political4cono'ic

Structure6 Malacca Sultanate

Gave rise to ohor, Pera3, Lingga3ingdo's

Other Malay ruling centres not derivedfro' Malacca

Patani &south -hailand(, Pasai &northSu'atra(, !ru &northeast Su'atra(,Nedah, Jeli &east Su'atra(


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What sort of ruling structure6

8eudal syste'


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What sort of econo'y6

Mariti'e trade

>ich hinterland for pri'arygoods


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-rade, 10th ) early 1Bth7enturies, 'ainly with7hina

Marine productspearls, seacucu'"er, Dungleproducts

8ro' SuluSeas

8ro'-erengganu

Pepper

8ro'Ma3assar

8ro' 2orneo,

8ro'7hina

Sil3, cotton,rice


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Source of revenue for ruling

class 7ontrol rivers, tri"utaries and costal ports

taAation of goods "rought down fro' hinterlandto coast

-aA on foreign goods entering ports

7orvee la"our

forced people$s la"our for pu"lic goods purposes

&eg to "uild irrigation canals, roads(

Poll taA on su"Dects in return for protection


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8unctions of rivers and seas

7o''erce and trade

Mo"ility and 'igration

+nter4'arriages a'ong ruling fa'ilies

>eligious conversion process


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Most populous early

settle'ents !round rivers of Pahang, ohor, Pera3,

Nelantan and -erengganu

Straits of Mela3a and Sulu Seas


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Worldviews+deology, 'yths and sy'"olis's


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+s there an ideology or cultural syste' thatcan "e identi%ed as #Malay$6

Malay language6 Linga franca ?ot necessarily associated with a particular

group

7ultural syste'6 7ourt culture and custo's

8ounding 'yths 2ased on teAts produced "y scri"es of Malay

courts &!i"ayat(MS1102E: Malays - Tradition, Conflict and Change

!


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Sri Lan3an Malays

https;;youtu."e;NG!2=3'g


!1
https://youtu.be/3KGABYk7mg0https://youtu.be/3KGABYk7mg0


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Modern Je%nitions of Malay

Malaysia 7onstitutional de%nition &!rt 1/(

KMalay 'eans a person who professes the religion of+sla', ha"itually spea3s the Malay language, confor's toMalay custo' andR

&a( was "efore Merde3a Jay "orn in the 8ederation or in

Singapore or "orn of parents one of who' was "orn in

the 8ederation or in Singapore, or is on that day do'iciledin the 8ederation or in Singapore or

&"( is the issue of such a person


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Self4perception of Malay identity

&Malaysia(More associated with religion, +sla'

https;;youtu."e;yWn@'OPts=6t:10


!!
https://youtu.be/yWnUmOPtsJY?t=105https://youtu.be/yWnUmOPtsJY?t=105


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#partial4legal$ de%nition of

Malay 2runei Only #$ipterade%ned in 7onstitution

&includes Malays, and other groups such as

Murut, Jusun, Nedayan, 2isaya etc(

Singapore &for G>7 candidates( Kany person, whether Malay race or otherwise,

who considers hi'self to "e a 'e'"er of theMalay co''unity and who is generallyaccepted as a 'e'"er of the Malay co''u4nity "y that co''unity &>eport of the Select7o''ittee on the Parlia'entary lections&!'end'ent( 2ill E2ill ?o. *;5 1B55 0(.


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?othing distinctly eAclusive of

Malay peoples

?o "iological line of descent

?ot con%ned to language or cultural group

More to do with regional geography,history, structures and worldviews

thnic identity largely a 'odern, socialgroup feature

Je%ned "y legal or partial4legalinstru'ents


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Malayness rather than

Malay peopleMore appropriately

Malay as a concept associatedwith civili


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Su''ary of Lecture

Have outlined, identi%ed, uncovered

! "road picture of the origin of KMalay$ as

concept and people throughGeographyHistoryStructuresWorldviews

We see Malayness rather than a distinct Malay peopleout of a"oveMalayness as civili

1. malay world_ malay_ malayness. ppt

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