1 Mach Cones in Quark Gluon Plasma Jorge Casalderrey-Solana Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 2 Jet-Medium Coupling What happens to the energy lost by jets? Leaves the interaction region being transferred to propagating modes: Remains in the medium Hydrodynamical behaviour the medium reacts collectively Described as a parton cascade ( Ma et al.) Themalize (Stoecker, JCS, Teaney & Shuryak, Renk & Ruppert, Chaudhuri & Heinz) Plasma modes { Plasmon (Ruppert & Mueller) Cherenkov ( Koch, Majumder & Wang, Dremin) Large angle induced radiation (Vitev, Polosa & Salgado) 3 Hydrodynamic Modes Diffuson (R ) Propagating mode, c s Sound () Wave interference Mach cone at Not propagating mode Remembers source direction The strength of the two modes is set by the shape of the bullet What sets relative mode amplitude in Jet-Medium interaction? NR fluid dynamics 4 Isentropic excitations: No significant entropy production. Medium excitation by sound wave emission. The Eloss is quadratic in the amplitude. Non isentropic excitations: the main excitation mechanism is entropy production and the flow field introduces vorticity. Excitation Mechanisms x (fm) (fm) x (fm) Depostion/thermaliztion process One integral constraint Function with zero integral The source is not unique: Jet modification of hydro: 5 Spectrum Excitation independent low p assoc T ( T) angular dependence, the distribution from different fluid cells overlaps High p assoc T particles reflect the flow picture Spectrum: Cooper-Fry No large angle correlation at small p assoc T The fluid picture is not directly observed p assoc T fluid cell velocity Peaks at p assoc T v but broad angle distribution at low p T Peaks at back jet direction 6 Non Isentropic Excitations Diffuson flow along jet direction No large angle correlation Chaudhuri & Heinz: Non linear hydro + source dN/dyd 7 Isentropic Excitations Static Medium Large dE/dx 12 Gev/fm The correlations develops as p assoc T increases The magnitude of the correlation decreases exponentially. Expanding medium the necessary dE/dx 1.5 Gev/fm (dilution of the medium) dN/dyd 4.0

1. Large angle correlations from one gluon radiation. p T asso dependence of D: Deflected Jets Different three particle correlation. Cherenkov: decreases (unless heavy bound states) Mach cone and gluon radiation: increases 16 Buck up 17 Expansion effects: Amplitude Static fluid the amplitude of sound waves decrease like v 1/r For RHIC, the evolution changes the fireball radius (from ~ 6fm to ~ 15 fm) and the c 2 s from 1/3 to 0.2 the amplitude v/T grows by a factor 3. Energy loss quadratic in the amplitude necessary dE/dx 1.5 GeV/fm. Expanding medium: also the fluids temperature lowers with . The spectrum is controlled by v/T velocity field v 1 > v 2 T 1 < T 2 T1 T1 T2 T2 v1 v1 v2 v2 < t1 t1 t2 t2 18 From STAR highlights :