Latin American Colonization

GRAB A HUMAN RECORD BOOK OFF THE SHELF!!!

General History of the Things of New Spain

Open your book to pg 128 and read the introduction and the article through pg 133

Answer questions 1-6 on pg 129 Read independently You may work on the questions in pairs

AFTER you finish reading… key word being AFTER

Questions for Analysis

1. What does the source reveal about the motives of the Spaniards and their Indian allies for their attack on the Aztecs?

2. What was Moctezuma’s stratgey to deal with the Spaniards? Why did it fail?

3. Aside from their firearms, what other military advantages did the Spaniards have over their opponents?

Questions for Analysis

4. On several occasions the Aztecs routed the Spaniards. What explains these Aztec victories?

5. How did the Aztec view of war differ from that of the Spaniards?

6. What does the source reveal about Aztec religious beliefs and values?

Interaction Between Peoples

What kinds of things can be transferred between peoples? Especially people from different continents and cultures? Language Religion Crops Diseases Customs People Genetics Technology

Columbian Exchange

Transfer of peoples, animals, and diseases between the New and Old world Which one of these had the largest impact on

the lives of the indigenous populations?

Columbian Exchange

Transfer of peoples, animals, and diseases between the New and Old world Which one of these had the largest impact on

the lives of the indigenous populations?

Great was the stench of the dead. After our fathers and grandfathers succumbed, half the people fled to the fields. The dogs and vultures devoured the bodies…. So it was that we became orphans, oh my sons! We were born to die!

Columbian Exchange

Transfer of peoples, animals, and diseases between the New and Old world Which one of these had the largest impact on the lives

of the indigenous populations?

Why were the Native Americans so susceptible to the “Old World” Diseases when the Europeans and Africans did not suffer from the Native American’s?

What keeps scholars from knowing the exact impact of these diseases?

Disease and Community

If disease were to wipe out 50% of our population today, would it have the same effect? Why or why not?

What about the Amerindian societies made this kind of epidemic impossible to survive? Why did this destroy civilizations and culture? Why did this weaken their ability to resist settlement?

Columbian Exchange Chart

In order to better understand the exchange of goods and ideas, complete the chart with a partner. The information is found on pgs 520-523. You have 15 minutes.

Colonization of the Americas

How did the Spanish and Portuguese settlers view their own society? Hierarchy of estates Uniformly Catholic Patriarchal extended-family networks

How do these views effect their colonization?

How did the indigenous elite populations attempt to retain their rights?

Control in the Colonies

Council of the Indies Created in 1524 to supervise all Spanish

colonies Travel time makes effective governing almost

impossible

Viceroys of New Spain and Peru have wide reaching powers Distance and travel still hindered their attempts

at dominance

Colonial Development

Why was the Portuguese King hesitant to set up expensive governments in Brazil? Initial lack of minerals or native empire wealth

Eventually forced to set up a larger government Becomes larger than anything in North America Makes colonies more responsive to whims of Monarchs Slows and hurts economies of the colonies Heavy taxes!!!

What do you think will happen in these colonies? What previous knowledge leads you to believe this?

Role of the Church

How did the Catholic Church effect the life of most Spanish and Portuguese settlers and the indigenous populations under their control? Conversion of natives Introduced printing press Schools and universities

Why was it necessary for the church to set up these schools? What would make it a requirement to do so?

Church Enforces Religion

Attempt to convert the elites first Not Effective

Still practicing their rituals and beliefs in private

Begin to try for heresy and eventually begin torturing and burning indigenous religious texts

Positives of the Church

Did provide some protection against the brutal treatment of the Conquistadors

Bartolome de Las Casa Originally a settler that lived off the forced labor

of the Amerindians Moved by their deaths and becomes a

Dominican Monk/Priest New Laws of 1542

Outlawed the enslavement of Amerindians and limited forced labor

Homework

Continue working on chapter 18 ids and the quia quiz (8 questions)

Remember your movie reviews count as a test grade