1 labor and unions section 1: the u.s. labor force section 2: the growth of labor unions section 3:...
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Labor and UnionsLabor and UnionsSECTION 1: The U.S. Labor Force
SECTION 2: The Growth of Labor Unions
SECTION 3: Unions and Management
CHAPTER 8
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Objectives:Objectives:What factors affect workers entering the
labor force?How has the U.S. labor force changed over
time?How does the U.S. government affect labor?
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 1
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Factors affecting workers entering the Factors affecting workers entering the labor force:labor force:wages skillsworking conditions location intrinsic rewardsmarket trends
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 1
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Changes in the U.S. labor force:Changes in the U.S. labor force:more capital-intensivemore gender-balancedbetter educated
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 1
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Ways the U.S. government affects Ways the U.S. government affects labor:labor:passing antidiscrimination laws passing minimum-wage laws
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 1
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Objectives:Objectives:What is the history of the labor movement in
the United States?How are labor unions organized?What are the main challenges facing unions
today?How have government attitudes toward
labor unions changed?
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 2
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History of the History of the U.S. labor movement:U.S. labor movement:mid- and late 1880s—formation of craft and
industrial unions, such as the Knights of Labor, to battle poor working conditions, low wages, and unfair length of work days
1886— beginning of the modern period of the labor movement and the organization of the American Federation of Labor
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 2
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History of the History of the U.S. labor movement: (continued)U.S. labor movement: (continued)1900—Knights of Labor no longer a
significant force1920s—internal struggles within labor
unions and antiunion sentiment emerged1930s—organization of Congress of
Industrial Organizations to represent skilled and unskilled workers
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 2
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Organization of labor unions: Organization of labor unions: local unions—made up of people working
for a particular company or in a particular area
national unions—composed of local unions from around the country
independent unions—unaffiliated with national unions
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 2
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Challenges facing unions:Challenges facing unions:employer oppositionchanges in employment patternsnegative public opinion
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 2
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Changes in government attitudes Changes in government attitudes toward labor unions:toward labor unions:1800s—favored business interests over labor
unionsearly 1900s—favored labor unions and
passed legislation protecting workers’ rights since 1940s—has favored management and
passed laws limiting labor union power
The U.S. Labor ForceThe U.S. Labor ForceSECTION 2
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Objectives:Objectives:What major issues are discussed in labor
contract negotiations?How do unions and management reach a
contract agreement?What negotiation tactics do unions and
management use?
Unions and ManagementUnions and ManagementSECTION 3
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Major issues discussed in labor Major issues discussed in labor contract negotiations:contract negotiations:wages and fringe benefitsworking conditions job securityunion securitygrievance procedures
Unions and ManagementUnions and ManagementSECTION 3
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Methods unions and management use Methods unions and management use to reach a contract agreement:to reach a contract agreement:collective bargainingmediationarbitration
Unions and ManagementUnions and ManagementSECTION 3
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Negotiation tacticsNegotiation tacticsUnions:
picketing boycotting coordinated campaigning
Management: hiring replacement workers using lock-outs requesting injunctions
Unions and ManagementUnions and ManagementSECTION 3
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1.1. Explain how supply and demand affect the labor force.
2.2. How has the composition of the U.S. labor force changed since the 1800s?
3.3. Why did workers in the 1800s and early 1900s begin to organize?
4.4. Describe how government attitudes toward labor unions have changed over time.
Wrap-UpWrap-Up
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5.5. What major issues generally are addressed during labor-contract negotiations?
6.6. What tactics might a labor union use during contract negotiations? What tactics might management use?
Wrap-UpWrap-Up
CHAPTER 8