1. introduction of pharmacy - copy
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INTRODUCTION TOPHARMACY
BY
K.SAMINATHAN.M.pharm,M.B.A,(PhD)
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What is drug?In pharmacology, a drug is "a chemical substance used inthe treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease
or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well-being.
A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to
as medicine, medication or medicament, can be looselydefined as any chemical substance intended for use in
the medical diagnosis,cure, treatment,or prevention ofdisease
K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD)Allianze university college of medical sciences
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_diagnosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preventive_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preventive_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_diagnosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_diagnosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology -
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Pharmacy(from the Greek 'pharmakon' =drug)
It is the health profession that linksthe health sciences with the chemicalsciences, and it is charged with
ensuring the safe and effective use of
pharmaceutical drugs.
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(Applied science is theapplication of scientific
knowledge transferred into aphysical environment)
Health science or biomedical science
is the applied science dealing withhealth
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Who is pharmacist?Pharmacists are health professionals who
practice the science ofpharmacy. In their
traditional role, pharmacists typically take a
request formedicines from a prescribing healthcare provider in the form of a medical
prescription, evaluate the appropriateness of
the prescription, dispense the medication to
the patient and counsel them on the proper
use and adverse effects of that medication.
K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD)Allianze university college of medical sciences
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_professionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_prescriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_prescriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_prescriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_prescriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_profession -
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Chemical science is the
science concerned with thecomposition, behavior,
structure, and properties ofmatter, as well as the changes
it undergoes during chemicalreactions
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Pharmaceutics (preparation of dosage form)
deals with the formulation of apure drug substance into a dosageform
A dosage form (DF) is the physical
form of a dose of a chemical
compound used as a drug ormedication intended for administration
or consumption
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Medicinal or pharmaceutical chemistry is adiscipline at the intersection of chemistry and
pharmacology involved with designing,synthesizing and developing pharmaceutical drugs
(Pharmacologyis the studyof drug action)
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The field of Pharmacy can generally be divided
into three primary disciplines
1. pharmaceutics
2. Medicinal chemistryand
Pharmacognosy
3. Pharmacy practice
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TYPES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE AREAS
1. Community pharmacy
2. Hospital pharmacy3. Clinical pharmacy
4. Compounding pharmacy
5. Consultant pharmacy6. Internet pharmacy
7. Veterinary pharmacy
8. Nuclear pharmacy
9. Military pharmacy
10. Pharmacy informaticsK.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD)
Allianze university college of medical sciences
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1. COMMUNITY PHARMACYCommunity pharmacies usually consist of a retail storefront with a dispensarywhere medications are stored and dispensed
All pharmacies are required to have a pharmacist on-duty at all times when open
It is also a requirement that the owner of a pharmacy must be a registered pharmacist
19th century Italian pharmacy Modern pharmacy in Norway
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Pharmacy, tacuinumsanitatis casanatensis (XIV century)Florence 1508.
K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD)Allianze university college of medical sciences
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacuinum_sanitatishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacuinum_sanitatishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacuinum_sanitatishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacuinum_sanitatis -
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Drug store restoration ca. 1920 Wellington, Texas
K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD)Allianze university college of medical sciences
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Typical American drug store with a soda fountain, about 1905
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2. HOSPITAL PHARMACY
A hospital pharmacy is concerned with pharmacy service to all types of hospital anddiffers considerably from a community pharmacy.
Hospital pharmacies can usually be found within the premises of the hospital.Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including morespecialized and investigational medications
A retail pharmacy locatedinside a hospital in Italy
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Clinical pharmacists provide direct patient care services thatoptimizes the use of medication and promotes health,wellness, and disease prevention
3. CLINICAL PHARMACY
Clinical pharmacy is the branch of Pharmacy where
pharmacists and pharmaconomists provide patient care thatoptimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellnessand disease prevention
Clinical pharmacy is the branch of pharmacy which deals withvarious aspect of patient care, dispensing of drugs andadvising patient on the safe and rational use of drug.
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Basic components of clinical pharmacy practice:
Prescribing drugsDispensing and administering drugsDocumenting professional servicesReviewing drug useCommunicationCounselingConsulting
Scope of clinical pharmacy:
Drug Distribution SystemsDrug InformationDrug Utilization
Drug Evaluation and SelectionMedication Therapy ManagementFormal Education and Training ProgramDisease State Management
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4. COMPOUNDING PHARMACY
Compounding is the mixing of drugs by a
pharmacist, physician, or veterinarian to fit theunique needs of a patient.
This may be done for medically necessary reasons,
such as to change the form of the medication from asolid pill to a liquid
It may also be done for voluntary reasons, such asadding favorite flavors to a medication
Compounding is the practice of preparing drugs innew forms.
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A consultant pharmacist is a specializedpharmacist. The main principle of consultantpharmacy is Pharmaceutical care.
5. CONSULTANT PHARMACIST
particularly those in institutional settings such asnursing homes. Term developed by Hepler and
Strand in 1990.
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Online pharmacies are pharmacies which operateover the Internet.
Many such pharmacies are, in some ways, similar to
community pharmacies;
6. INTERNET PHARMACYOR
ONLINE PHARMACY
The primary difference is the method by which themedications are requested and received.
Some customers consider this to be moreconvenient than traveling to a community drugstore.
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7. VETERINARY PHARMACY
Veterinary pharmacies, sometimes calledanimal pharmacies may fall in the categoryof hospital pharmacy, retail pharmacy ormail-order pharmacy.
Because the needs of animals as well as theregulations on veterinary medicine are often verydifferent from those related to people, veterinary
pharmacy is often kept separate from regularpharmacies.
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8. NUCLEAR PHARMACY
Nuclear Pharmacy involves the preparation ofradioactive materials that will be used to diagnoseand treat specific diseases.
It was the first pharmacy specialty established in1978 by the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties.
Nuclear pharmacy seeks to improve and promotehealth through the safe and effective use ofradioactive drugs for not only diagnosis but alsotherapy.
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Military pharmacy is an entirely differentworking environment due to the fact thattechnicians perform most duties that in a
civilian sector would be illegal.
9. MILITARY PHARMACY
State laws of Technician patient counseling
and medication checking by a pharmacist donot apply.
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10. PHARMACY INFORMATICS
Pharmacy informatics is the combination of pharmacy
practice science and applied information science.
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The mortar and pestle, aninternationally recognizedsymbol to represent thepharmacy profession
Recipe symbol
The Gaper used in theNetherlands
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The Bowl of Hygeia whichis often used in theNetherlands
The green Greek Cross used in Spain,Argentina, France, Poland, the UnitedKingdom and other countries
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The red stylized "A" used inGermany
Caduceus (used erroneously)
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Rod of Asclepius Hanging Show Globe
K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD)Allianze university college of medical sciences
Gaper on the front of "Van der Pigge" a pharmacy in Haarlem
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Gaper on the front of Van der Pigge , a pharmacy in Haarlem
K SAMINATHAN M pharm M B A ( P hD)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haarlemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haarlem