1 intro to info tech systems s/w copyright 2003 by janson industries this presentation can be viewed...

1

Intro to Info TechSystems S/W

Copyright 2003 by Janson Industries

This presentation can be viewed on line at: http://web.fscj.edu/Janson/cgs1060/wk01.SystemsSW.ppt

Copyright 2014 by Janson Industries2

Objectives Explain 2 types

Operating Systems The general purpose of Specific tasks of

Utility Programs Types of


Operating System Set of programs that:

Enable h/w to function Provide a user interface Manage system resources

Configure devices Schedule jobs Monitor:

• Performance• Memory• Applications

Provide security


Operating System Set of programs that:

Enable users to run applications

Provide common functions for applications

Printing Saving and retrieving files

• This is how OS came about

Establish Internet connections


Operating Systems PCs use Windows, Linux, or OSX

(Macs) Some computers can run multiple

Midrange and mainframes use different OS

OS also called a platform:

Applications written for specific platforms Must buy correct application for

your platform


OS Functions Booting: starting the computer

Cold boot: powering on the computer Warm boot: restarting

When installing new applications, often must reboot (warm boot)

OS programs stored on hard drive

When booting: Kernel loaded into main memory

Kernel comprised of those programs that provide basic OS functions

Remains in MM


OS Interfaces Interface is the way users can enter

data and instructions and how information is displayed

Two types: Command Line Interface (CLI) Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Command line requires commands and syntax

GUI is point and click


GUIClicked on

icons

Command lineEntered

command and pressed Enter


OS Categories Identified by how many tasks and

users it can support simultaneously

Single user/single task Smaller devices only allow one user

to run one application at a time

Single user/multi-tasking Can run many apps at the same time Only one app is active


OS Categories Multi-user

Many users can run many apps at the same time

Larger computers Networks

Multi-processor Supports many CPUs and many

active jobs Many apps can be running

simultaneously


OS Manages MM

OS assigns memory to applications When apps done, releases memory

Sometimes apps too big for RAM

Solution: Virtual Memory App broken up into pages (pieces) Pages loaded into MM as needed Removed when not needed


OS Also sets up and manages buffers Memory that acts as a waiting area

Classic example: print buffer Printer slow compared to CPU Instead of CPU waiting for printer to

accept next print job Output sent to buffer When printer ready Output retrieved from buffer and sent

to printer

This process is called SPOOLing Simultaneous Peripheral Operations

On Line


Set up date/time to run an app

Where to store What to store

When to store


Scheduling Jobs In multi-user environment OS will

allow priorities to be assigned

By user CEO has highest priority

By type of job Print job higher than browsing web

Availability of resources External storage busy


Configuring Devices Each device has its own commands

OS contains "drivers" (programs) to communicate with the most common devices

Drivers loaded into MM when computer started

If OS doesn't have driver, you may have to install the driver Usually comes with device or easily

downloaded from the Web


Monitor Performance

CPU utilization


Can see multiple resources at a time


Monitor Performance Disk space used/available


Monitor Performance

App/process monitoring


Monitor Performance Disk fragmentation Analyses first, then, if needed, defrag


File Management Organize in folders

Copy

Delete

Search

Search particularly helpful when you forgot where you saved it or what you named

it


File Management Disk scanner

Looks for unused/temp files

Looks for uncompressed files

Lets you easily delete and compress them


Uninstaller Easily remove an app


Security Create Userids and Passwords

Force users to log on to the computer

Enforce at file and application level

Keeps track of incorrect log on attempts May disable Userid after a certain

number of incorrect attempts

Keeps track of unauthorized attempts to access files and apps


Security Most provide some firewall

Protects computer from unauthorized access

I.e. you download a web page that contains a program that looks through hard drive and email for

• Credit Card numbers• SSN• Bank Statements

Some anti-virus protection

Usually need utility programs for better/most up to date security


Lots of OS Handheld – Palm, Symbian (Nokia),

Blackberry OS, Android, iPhone, Windows Phone 7

PC – Windows, OS X, Linux

Midrange – Solaris, IBM i, Linux

Mainframe – MVS, VM, Unix, Linux

Most are proprietary, Linux and Android are open source Said another way: most you must pay

for, open source is free


Open Source vs. Closed Source Open source price is better - pro

But if everyone can see source code Greater security risk - con More eyes to catch errors - pro More programmers can work on to

improve - pro

But if not paid for it, what's the incentive to build/maintain open source s/w? - con


Utility Programs S/W that enables the computer to work

better Example: www.inksaver.com

Potential 75% decrease in ink used Would you pay $32 for that?

MS continually crams more into OS that was handled by stand alone utils

However, stand alones usually do a better job than those utilities included in Windows Can buy Often a free version available online


Utility Programs Types Antivirus

Virus: s/w that will harm or impede your computers applications and data

Some harmless: Yankee Doodle Some not: Michaelangelo

Two types: Worms – replicate themselves Trojan horse – hidden in other s/w,

email, etc.


Utility Programs Types Spyware and Spyware removers

You may want to install Websites will install without permission

Spyware removers usually also remove adware

Internet filters Antispam: usually included in email app

(MS Outlook) or by email provider Web filter: usually included in browser (MS

IE, Firefox, Chrome, etc.) Pop up blocker: usually included in browser


Utility Programs Types File compression: zip and unzip files to save

space on drives OS will often do automatically PKZIP, WinZip

File conversion WAV to MP3, Word to PDF, Access to Excel

Media Players Why not just use Media Player? Can it access your iPod? Need iTunes


Points to Remember Operating Systems enable the

computer hardware to work

Provides a GUI and commands to perform system functions

Enable the h/w and applications to function

For classroom based classes:

Bring your thumb drive to the next class

1 intro to info tech systems s/w copyright 2003 by janson industries this presentation can be viewed...

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